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This study applied the autoregressive distribution lag (ARDL) econometric approach to examine the long-run effect of employee motivation on industrial output in Nigeria. Data used for the study was sourced from the World Development Indicators (WDI) of the World Bank from 1981 to 2018. Industrial output was proxied by industrial value added (annual % growth) and was used as the dependent variable, while the independent variable is motivation, which was proxied by wage and salaried workers, total (% of total employment) and was modelled on the ILO estimate. Results from the analysis showed that employee motivation is statistically significant and positive in determining the level of industrial output in Nigeria. This result implies that an increase in the level of employee motivation has the potential to increase industrial output by 98%. Therefore, based on the findings, the study recommends that employees should be motivated through regular payment, increased wages and salaries and other bonuses (fringe benefits) to increase industrial productivity. Contribution/ Originality
This study contributes to the existing literature by applying the autoregressive distribution lag (ARDL) econometric approach to examine the impact of employee motivation on industrial output or organizational productivity in Nigeria. Social Sciences » Humanities and Social Sciences Letters » Month: 03-2021 Issue: 1
Human Ecological Systems Shaping College Readiness of Filipino K-12 Graduates: A Mixed-Method Multiple Case Analysis
How ready are the K-12 graduates in the Philippines? What environmental conditions shape their college readiness? How do these conditions help to prepare them to transition from basic to tertiary education seamlessly and effectively? This study answers these questions by utilizing a mixed-method multiple case study design framed within the Human Ecological Systems Model. The 7,238 respondents and 28 study participants were first-year students enrolled in one state university in northern Philippines. Results revealed that the Filipino K-12 graduates demonstrated less preparedness for college education. The variables under human ecological systems influencing their college readiness include sex, gender, birth order (individual system), parents’ monthly income (microsystem), type of senior high school (SHS) graduated and track taken in SHS (mesosystem), parents’ location of employment (exosystem); and ethnicity and parents’ educational attainment (macrosystem). Such findings prove that college readiness among K-12 graduates is not solely dependent on their cognitive abilities but is a confluence of environmental conditions from the individual to macrosystems. Thus, the human ecological system serves as a functional frame in understanding factors shaping the college readiness of K-12 graduates and it is recommended that the conditions under each system must be considered as valuable inputs for basic education in preparing K-12 students for college life. Contribution/ Originality
This study is an initial effort to explore the college readiness of Filipino K-12 graduates using the lens of the Human Ecological Systems Model. It presents the baseline data that can be used by education stakeholders to make decisive and viable actions to ensure the K-12 graduates’ effective transition from basic to tertiary education. Social Sciences » Humanities and Social Sciences Letters » Month: 03-2021 Issue: 1
Comparative Assessment of the Anti-Microbial Properties of Artocarpus altilis, and Syzygium cumini Leaves against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli
Research Article
Author(s):
Journal: The International Journal of Biotechnology
A comparative assessment of the antimicrobial activity of two well-known and tropically distributed plants was conducted. Scientists and other researchers have been continuously investigating plants distributed all across the globe for medicinal properties so as to replace the chemically developed cures and treatment that are being used today. However, these plants and their extracts have not been developed for use in the medical field since adequate knowledge of the chemical makeup of these plants as well as clinical trials is still lacking. This study aimed to seek out the most antimicrobially active of the plants for testing and eventual use in medicine. The plant Artocarpus altilis and Syzygium cumini were investigated against a gram positive and a gram negative bacterium: Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli respectively. Selective solvent extraction was used to extract the active compounds present in leaves. The solvents used were hexane, methanol and ethanol. The disc diffusion method was used to test antimicrobial activity of the plant extracts. The plant extracts were compared against a control and a reference, which were the solvents and Ampicillin respectively. Methanol and ethanol extracts of both plants showed zone of inhibition against the investigated microorganisms. However, the hexane extracts were unable to produce results. The results of this study noted that the ethanol extracts were more effective than the methanol extracts. According to this study, the most antimicrobially active plant is Syzygium cumini and the most inhibited bacteria is the gram positive bacteria: Staphylococcus aureus. Contribution/ Originality
This study aimed to seek out the most antimicrobially active of the plants for testing and eventual use in medicine. Biological Sciences » The International Journal of Biotechnology » Month: 06-2021 Issue: 1
Relationship between Human Activities and Deforestation in Karongi District of Rwanda
Karongi District of Rwanda is one among districts with high rate of forest clearance resulting from unmanageable human activities and change on land use. This study was conducted in order to analyze the relationship between human activities and deforestation on the period between 2013 and 2019. The authors employed secondary data on forest cover collected from the Rwanda Forestry Authority (RFA), National Institute of Statistics of Rwanda (NISR), and Karongi District report. Thereafter, the Geographic Information System (GIS) helped to map forest cover and Microsoft Excel was used to indicate the percentage of land cover change over the study period. The Pearson correlation analysis of the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) analyzed the relationship between human activities and deforestation in Karongi District. The results showed that between 2013 and 2019, cropland, built up and population growth rate increased at the rate of 5 %, 2.15%, and 6.07% respectively. The forestland which reduced by 5.4% in the same period generated a positive significant relationship between population growth and forestland with correlation r1= 0.993. The results also revealed a positive significant relationship between settlement and forestland with r2=0.990. The negative significance relationship between cropland expansion and forestland with r3 = -0.970 at 0.05 level of significance was noticed. Since the analysis generated a positive effect of settlements and population growth on deforestation, it can be concluded that human activities contribute to deforestation in Karongi District of Rwanda, and that relevant measures should be applied. Contribution/ Originality
This paper provided information which is necessary in country like Rwanda or similar regions with high population density looking for food security and development as well. Thus, areas in need of sustainable resources natural management under human pressure can benefit from this study. Agricultural Sciences » Journal of Forests » Month: 06-2021 Issue: 1
Reduction of Aflatoxins and Microorganisms in the Koura-Koura Produced in Burkina Faso with Spices and Aromatic Leaves
Koura-koura is a product resulting from the processing of peanut. This study consisted of producing koura-koura with garlic, pepper, ginger and mint to reduce aflatoxins and microorganisms. The objective of this work is the decontamination of koura-koura with spices and aromatic leaves. Aflatoxin determination was performed by HPLC and microbiological analyses were carried out according to standard methods. A total of 18 samples were analyzed, including 3 peanut samples, 2 peanut paste samples, 1 koura-koura control sample, and 12 samples of koura-koura spices and aromatic leaves. Total aflatoxin B1, B2, and aflatoxin levels in the samples ranged from 0.58±0.49 ?g/kg to 3.66±0.10 ?g/kg; 2.23±0.41 ?g/kg to 14.02±0.88 ?g/kg; 2.87±0.20 ?g/kg to 17.75±0.58 ?g/kg, respectively. Aflatoxins G1 and G2 were not detected in all samples. The total mesophilic aerobic flora (TMAF) ranged from 1.60±1.57 x101 CFU/g to 4.50±1.28 x105 CFU/g and the yeast and mould flora ranged from 1.80 ± 1.68 x101 CFU/g to 2.80±0.74 x101 CFU/g. No samples were contaminated with thermo-tolerant coliforms and total coliforms were present in a single sample (1.30 ± 1.64 x 101 CFU/g). The results of the study on the reduction of aflatoxins and microorganisms in koura-koura with spices and aromatic leaves contribute significantly to food safety. Contribution/ Originality
This study on the reduction of aflatoxins and microorganisms in the koura-koura contributes to the production of healthy food. Our study uses aflatoxin control means that are effective, very easy and inexpensive. Agricultural Sciences » Journal of Food Technology Research » Month: 06-2021 Issue: 1
Selection of Superior Clones by the Multi-Dimensional Decision-Making Techniques in Scots Pine Seed Orchard
The living conditions of living beings are becoming ever more difficult due to the climate change caused by industrialization. Forests, which have a great importance in terms of natural resources, are one of the main elements which prevent this situation. Therefore, it is important to ensure the sustainability of forests and to increase their genetic and structural quality. Appropriate farms and clonal seed orchards should be established with the purpose of achieving this genetic diversity. This way, quantitative traits of clones, which are located in these seed orchards, depending on their growth performance, the cone yield can be determined. In this study, the best clones in terms of cone yield were determined through MAUT and WASPAS methods, which are some of the multiple criteria decision-making techniques. This was done by using the height and diameter measurements of 30 Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) clones selected according to random sampling method in 3 different blocks in Erzurum region. Based on the sum product assessment and multi-attribute utility theory model results, clones 22 and 29 were determined as superior and prospective for further breeding procedures in terms of seedling height and root collar diameter. According to the entropy method, the maximum weights for seedling height and root collar diameter were obtained in Block-3 with 0.580175 and in Block-1 with 0.590017, respectively. Contribution/ Originality
This study plays important role in selecting the best clones in terms of cone yield through MAUT and WASPAS methods, which are some of the multiple criteria decision-making techniques. Agricultural Sciences » Journal of Forests » Month: 06-2021 Issue: 1
Citizens Participation and Primary Healthcare Policy Implementation in Ogun State, Nigeria: An Empirical and Systems Enquiry
Health in its complete state of wellbeing is of utmost importance in the achievement, development and sustainability of societal goals, as envisioned in the United Nations Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 3, and joint efforts are required for its attainment. Studies have focused on the importance of citizen participation in diverse fields, including health care, but little attention has been paid to this in developing countries’ primary healthcare (PHC) systems, such as Nigeria. Thus, this paper seeks to ascertain the relationship between citizens’ participation and primary healthcare policy implementation challenges in Nigeria. A cross-sectional survey research design was adopted with a multi-stage sampling technique used to select 500 Ogun State citizens. Primary data were analyzed using the Pearson Product Moment Correlation to ascertain the relationship between the variables. Findings show that there is a significant positive and strong relationship between citizens’ participation and policy implementation (R-value: 0.696; p-value: 0.000), but there is no significant relationship between citizens’ participation challenges and PHC policy implementation (R-value: -0.105; p-value: 0.120). The study is premised on the political system theory that explains citizens’ participation with a holistic and integrated approach of involvement, empowerment and accountability in the healthcare system. The study, therefore, recommends an integrated decision-making process that is bottom-up, which would support a sustainable healthcare system with enlightened citizens’ input towards the actualization of an effective PHC system. Contribution/ Originality
This study contributes to existing literature by providing a collaborative approach in PHC policy implementation, which is a radical departure from the stereotypical nuances and bifurcation of the top-down model, which characterizes parts of the policy process (formulation and implementation) in Nigeria. Social Sciences » Humanities and Social Sciences Letters » Month: 03-2021 Issue: 1
Activity Recognition and Creation of Web Service for Activity Recognition using Mobile Sensor Data using Azure Machine Learning Studio
With the increasing pervasive computation, “Activity Recognition” has become a vast and popular field of research. In the field of automated Activity Recognition, we use multiple sensors in wearable/portable devices in order to recognize the human activities such as standing still, sitting, relaxing, laying, walking, climbing stairs, knee bending cycling jogging etc. The main purpose of this paper is to discuss the field of Activity Recognition for patients and old- age persons or any person in general. This research paper can also be used for telemedicine purposes. Besides, different machine learning algorithm will be applied to achieve Activity Recognition rather precisely. Microsoft Azure ML Studio and a bench marking data set are used for creation as well as evaluation of Machine Learning Model. In addition, a Web Service for Activity Recognition is also developed by using Microsoft Azure ML Studio in order to help the developer and researcher while working on Activity Recognition. Contribution/ Originality
The main purpose of this paper is to discuss the field of Activity Recognition for patients and old- age persons or any person in general. Computer Sciences » Review of Computer Engineering Research » Month: 06-2021 Issue: 1
Preferred Social Networking App by Employees in Tourism and Hospitality Industry in Kenya
The purpose of this paper was to examine the preferred social media application network by employees in the tourism and hospitality industry. The specific aims were to examine the preferred social media amongst Facebook, WhatsApp, Twitter, Instagram, LinkedIn, email and YouTube, examine the relationship between respondent’s gender, a position at workplace and choice of social media and finally find out official the duties performed by the respondent’s using the smartphones. The finding indicated that the most popular social media platform was WhatsApp (93%) closely followed by Email (84%) and the least being LinkedIn used by only 25% of respondents. Employees’ gender (?2=5.880, df =1, p<0.05) and position at the workplace (?2=9.585, df =2, p<0.05) had minimal influence on the selection of social media preference. The majority (81 %) of the respondents perform up to 50% of their official duties with the help of their smartphones translating to improved and effective customer services, reduced operation cost, and healthier business performance. The study concluded that WhatsApp and Email were the most preferred social media network and were used to communicate and transact business with customers and other stakeholders in the tourism and hospitality industry. Smartphones are no longer luxury tools but are part of the technology that every employee in the industry must adapt to. Contribution/ Originality
This study is one of the very few studies that have investigated the preferred media network by employees in the tourism and hospitality industry in Kenya. The paper's primary contribution is the finding that WhatsApp and Email were the most preferred social media network and were used to communicate and transact business between employees and customers and stakeholders in the industry. Business & Management » Journal of Tourism Management Research » Month: 06-2021 Issue: 1
IT Governance as Drivers of Dynamic Capabilities to Gain Corporate Performance Under the Effects of Environmental Dynamism
Research Article
Author(s):
Journal: International Journal of Business, Economics and Management
For researchers and practitioners, there is an important central question to answer, how information technology (IT) governance can help organizations survive and thrive in constantly changing business environments. To address this issue, this study examines the influence of IT governance on dynamic capabilities to sustain corporate performance under environmental dynamism. Tests of the proposed model were performed using survey data from 147 Brazilian firms to support the hypotheses. The results demonstrated that IT governance is a core enabler of dynamic capabilities innovation and operational capabilities for corporate performance gains. The heterogeneity tests also showed that the firm's orientation strategy of prospector and analyzer, under conditions of high dynamism environmental, increased the value of IT governance to enable innovation capability, while the impact of IT governance-enabled operational capabilities under low dynamism, amplified the firm's orientation strategy of defender and reactor. For practical application, this study indicated that managers should be knowledgeable about how IT governance capability plays a fundamental role to enable dynamic capabilities and generate economic payoffs. Contribution/ Originality
The original contribution of the work is illustrated of the relationship between IT governance practices, an approach that combined five IT capabilities, and dynamic capabilities (innovation and operational) to gain corporate performance under an uncertainty environment of dynamism, which has not been previously subject to large scale empirical testing. Economics » International Journal of Business, Economics and Management » Month: 03-2021 Issue: 3
Fertility, Education, Labor Force Outcomes, and Cultural Acculturation of Immigrants
Previous studies show that there are cultural factors associated with economic outcomes such as employment and labor force participation and non-economic outcomes such as education and fertility. Using immigration as a semi-natural experiment and using the Current Population Survey (1994-2020), we reexamine the link between labor force outcomes, fertility, and education of immigrants and their home country respective characteristics. We documented that an additional year of schooling in the home country is associated with a 0.45 and 0.24 years increase in education of first and second generation females, respectively. Moreover, a 1 percent higher female labor force participation in the home country is associated with a 0.26 and 0.16 percent increase in labor force participation of first and second generation females, respectively. Since the female labor force participation, education, and fertility are considered to contain cultural components, we interpret the results as intergenerational transmission of culture. However, the links are limited for second generations suggesting some cultural integration and acculturation to the new environment. We discuss the policy implications of the results. Contribution/ Originality
This study contributes to existing literature by examining the link between labor force outcomes, fertility, and education of immigrants and their home country respective characteristics. Economics » Journal of Social Economics Research » Month: 06-2021 Issue: 1
Role of ICT in the Process of EFL Teaching and Learning in an Arab Context
The immense growth in information and communications technology (ICT) has introduced a myriad of opportunities to the education sector globally. In today’s educational arena, EFL teachers aim to use technology in foreign language education to contribute to the mode of instruction in language teaching and learning. The aim of the current study is to explore the impact of ICT in teaching English as a foreign language. The quantitative method of data collection and a questionnaire were used for the induction of the ICT spectrum and its impact on the EFL classrooms at the English Language Institute (ELI), King Abdulaziz University (KAU-Saudi Arabia). For data collection, 50 language instructors from the ELI-KAU participated in the process. The study investigates the process of developing skills among EFL learners with the help of ICT and the appropriate training of ICT utilization by EFL teachers. Finally, the study investigates the impact of ICT use in EFL classrooms by observing its advantages and disadvantages and offers prospectus solutions and remedial measures to counter these problems. The literature review in this study focuses on the fact that most of the research conducted in relation to ICT in EFL teaching and learning processes revolves aroundthe use of ICT tools, obstacles and challenges faced by the teachers and their perceptions and views regarding ICT. This review of the study further debates the gaps in previous research and launches a theoretical concrete background for further studies, specifically in Saudi Arabia. Contribution/ Originality
This is one of very few studies that has investigated multiple aspects of ICT training of language teachers in order to change their perceptions regarding ICT integration in language learning processes and opens gateways for innovative ideas and new research in this field. Social Sciences » Humanities and Social Sciences Letters » Month: 03-2021 Issue: 1
Are the Predictions of the Mundell-Fleming Model Applicable to Mexico?
According to the Mundell-Fleming model (Romer, 2006) under a floating exchange rate system, fiscal expansion is ineffective in raising output and causes real appreciation whereas monetary expansion raises output and causes real depreciation. Applying an extended Mundell-Fleming model, this paper employs a simultaneous-equation model to test whether the predictions of the Mundell-Fleming model would apply to Mexico. The GARCH process is employed in empirical work. This study finds that fiscal expansion reduces output and causes real appreciation and that monetary expansion raises output and leads to real depreciation. In addition, a higher real interest rate reduces output and causes real appreciation, and a higher real stock price results in real appreciation. Therefore, except for the impact of fiscal expansion on output, the Mundell-Fleming model applies to Mexico. Contribution/ Originality
This paper relaxes the assumption of no relationship between real money demand and the real exchange rate in the Mundell-Fleming model, uses a simultaneous-equation model to estimate real GDP and the real effective exchange rate, and includes the real stock price as a proxy for financial wealth. Economics » The Economics and Finance Letters » Month: 06-2021 Issue: 1
Solar Powered Automated Irrigation System in Rural Area and their Socio Economic and Environmental Impact
Research Article
Author(s):
Journal: International Journal of Sustainable Energy and Environmental Research
One of the most important solutions for the climate change crisis is the development of renewable energy sources like photovoltaic energy. This study is conducted to explore the socio economic and environmental impact of using solar powered automated drip irrigation system on drip owners of Faisalabad division. Drip irrigation technology takes into account innovations in the agricultural sector and their acceptance on behalf of farmers due to various factors of its particular adjustment goes back to social, economic and climatic conditions. Solar powered drip irrigation system is a micro irrigation system that saves water (H2O) and nutrients by allowing water to slowly drip to the roots of plants and minimize water evaporation by using indigenous resources like photovoltaic energy. This study focused on powered automated drip irrigation methods that have a significant impact on resource savings like saving in energy, labour cost and less use of water, improve crop yields and farmer profit that help to improve life of the rural areas. A sample of 48 respondents was selected conveniently from the Faisalabad division. Respondents were solar drip adopter. Descriptive and inferential statistical techniques were applied for data analysis to check the impact of solar drip irrigation on farmer. It was found that majority of solar drip owners are highly agreed to have change in their social status and self-reliance that are 39.58% and 72.92%. Using solar drip systems 79.17% farmers improve their product quality. This indicates that most solar drip owners have high socio-economic and environmental impact. Contribution/ Originality
The study explained the designing procedure of PV system for 7.460 kW electric motor installed at automated drip irrigation system. To design PV system, PV array factor of 1.35 is used. Descriptive and inferential statistical techniques were applied for data analysis to check the impact of solar powered automated drip irrigation. Energy & Environmental Sciences » International Journal of Sustainable Energy and Environmental Research » Month: 06-2021 Issue: 1
Financial Development and Economic Growth in Nigeria: New Evidence from a Threshold Autoregressive and Asymmetric Analysis
Research Article
Author(s):
Journal: International Journal of Business, Economics and Management
Financial development is concerned with policies, procedures and initiatives to increase the financial access, depth and productivity of financial institutions and financial markets. To that regards, this paper investigates the asymmetric relationship between financial development and economic growth by incorporating financial globalization uncertainty and inflation into a production function covering the Nigerian economy from 1980–2019. The threshold Autoregressive co-integration and nonlinear autoregressive distributed lag techniques are applied to examine the asymmetric cointegration between the variables, as well as the degree of the relationship among the variables. The results indicate long-run relationship between the parameters in the light of asymmetries. The asymmetric estimation results show that positive shock of financial development dampen economic growth. By comparison, symmetrically, the negative shock of the financial development improves the productivity growth of the Nigerian economy. Finally, while inflation shows a positive relationship, the financial globalization uncertainty indicates insignificant result. The implications of the said findings for productivity policies in Nigeria are also discussed. Contribution/ Originality
This study contributes to investigating the asymmetric relationship between financial development and economic growth by incorporating financial globalization uncertainty and inflation into a production function covering the Nigerian economy from 1980. Economics » International Journal of Business, Economics and Management » Month: 03-2021 Issue: 3
The Liability of Foreignness in Early-Stage Corporate Venture Capital Investment
Cross-border corporate venture capital (CVC) investments are inevitable for firms outside the U.S. in order to access the emerging and disruptive technology of ventures in the U.S. In particular, investing in early-stage ventures has more strategic benefits than in later-stage ones. However, investing firms suffer from the liability of foreignness (LOF) to a greater extent in the case of CVC investments in early-stage ventures. Since establishing a local unit is a generally accepted approach to resolving the LOF, we examine whether non-U.S. firms establishing a local CVC unit in the U.S. helps to overcome the LOF. In addition, because CVC investments engender imitation risk for ventures, we also examine the moderating effect of the intellectual property protection (IPP) regime. The hypotheses are tested with 2,171 CVC investments in the U.S. between 2001 and 2010. We find that a local CVC unit is only effective in resolving LOF when the target venture is under a strong IPP regime. Contribution/ Originality
This study extends the research on the liability of foreignness from the perspective of the capital market, in particular CVC investment. Specifically, it highlights that not only the imitation risk for ventures but also the adverse selection risk for corporate investors needs to be mitigated for early-stage cross-border CVC investments to be successful. Social Sciences » Humanities and Social Sciences Letters » Month: 03-2021 Issue: 1
The Influence of Institutional Voids in the Institutionalization of Bitcoins as a Currency
Research Article
Author(s):
Journal: International Journal of Business, Economics and Management
Bitcoin is a social movement, which promises free and decentralized money, absent from the traditional regulatory institutions, but it can be challenging for financial industry regulators and other players in the financial markets. Thus, our study aims to analyze how the institutional voids manifest in the bitcoin institutionalization process as a currency. We adopt the institutional theory, from the perspective of institutional voids, in order to observe the concepts in emerging markets that show the difficulty or the beginning of the institutionalization of bitcoin as a currency. The institutional theory provides an opportunity to understand the reasons for using particular practices, actions, or manifestations. Our method is based on a qualitative exploratory approach with semi-structured interviews to understand how financial market experts perceive this phenomenon. Our results show that it is possible to identify how institutional voids manifest themselves, reinforcing the debate on whether bitcoin is, in fact, a currency. Contribution/ Originality
This study analyzes bitcoin as an economic object through the logic of institutional voids. Thus, with the institutional perspective as a background and theoretical support, it is examined how the institutional voids are manifested in the process of institutionalization of the bitcoin as a currency. Economics » International Journal of Business, Economics and Management » Month: 03-2021 Issue: 3
Ovitrap Surveillance of the Dengue Vectors Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus in Selected Endemic Areas in Sandakan, Sabah
Research Article
Author(s):
Journal: International Research Journal of Insect Sciences
Ovitrap technique could be considered an efficient tool for monitoring of Aedes populations. This study aimed to monitor the dengue vector population and to provide baseline data of vector density in selected endemic areas. 1600 ovitraps were placed indoor and outdoor randomly in selected houses from January till July 2014 at eight selected localities. 96%–100% of ovitraps were recovered after seven days. In total, 9399 larvae were examined of which 2674 (28.2%) were Ae. Aegypti and 6752 (71.8%) Ae. albopictus. Ae. albopictus were dominant than Ae. aegypti in every locality. Highest collection of Ae. albopictus was recorded in Kampung Air (total larvae = 1357), followed by Kampung Bokara (total larvae = 1165) and Taman Fajar (total larvae = 846). Three main localities that recorded highest collection of Ae. aegypti were Kampung Bokara (total larvae = 504), Kampung Air (total larvae = 457) and Taman Fajar (total larvae = 341). Ae. albopictus was found more abundant compared to Ae. aegypti. The ovitrap index recorded in all localities (ranged 18.0% - 59.0%) was more than the transmission threshold (10%). Mix breeding of Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus were also detected for outdoor ovitraps. In conclusion, this study found that selected localities in Sandakan district have a high risk for transmission and outbreaks of dengue. Furthermore, this study also provided a baseline data of Aedes density for further planning of prevention and control activities. Contribution/ Originality
This study documents the ovitrap surveillance as an important tool for management and planning of dengue vector strategy focusing on endemic areas. Agricultural Sciences » International Research Journal of Insect Sciences » Month: 06-2021 Issue: 1
Child Support Enforcement and Infants Health Outcomes
This paper explores the potential externality of enforcements in child support policies on infants’ health outcomes. Exploiting the variations in child support policies across states and over the year and using the universe of birth records in the US (1975-2004), I document that the policies were effective in improving birth outcomes. Infants born to single mothers in states that fully adopt child support policies have on average 38 grams higher birth weight and 99 basis points lower likelihood of being born with low birth weight. These effects hold for a wide range of health outcomes. The marginal impacts are larger for mothers in states above-median changes in child support policies and for mothers who reside in poorer states. The results suggest that a higher quantity of prenatal care and better timing of prenatal care could be possible mechanisms of impact. This study contributes to the existing literature by providing the first evidence of health externality of child support policies for infants’ health outcomes. Contribution/ Originality
This paper contributes to existing literature by exploring the potential externality of enforcements in child support policies on infants’ health outcomes. Economics » Journal of Social Economics Research » Month: 06-2021 Issue: 1
Critical Review on Flipped Classroom Model Versus Traditional Lecture Method
Research Article
Author(s):
Journal: International Journal of Education and Practice
Flipped classroom model is now a well-established learning approach which has brought a paradigm shift by blending technology with the traditional method of teaching. The real meaning of Flipped classroom model is that the traditional lecture method is flipped so that learners get the initial learning material at home and class time is used for cooperative learning. The tools used for the flipped classroom model include Learning management system, social media and like. A lot of research studies exist on Flipped classroom model but these studies lack a unified approach over its significance. If one set of studies ranks Flipped classroom model better than the traditional lecture method; the other instruction models consider its success due to its integration with technology. There are also studies that associate Flipped classroom model with student-centered approach especially in university education. This article reviews a few of these studies with the objective to understand this debate about the right method of learning; and to identify which studies acknowledge the significance of Flipped classroom model. A set of 33 articles published from 2012 to 2020 were selected for this study. The statistical results show a mixed reaction about the acceptability and adaptability of the Flipped classroom model in the modern learning environment. Contribution/ Originality
This study makes a critical review of 33 studies on Flipped classroom model with the view to understand how the previous studies have acknowledge the importance, adaptability and of flipped classroom model in the modern learning environments and also how they differentiated this model from the Traditional Lecture Method. Arts and Education » International Journal of Education and Practice » Month: 03-2021 Issue: 1
Abstract