Advance Search

2617 Results

Refine by:

Years

2015(324)
2012(19)
2014(454)
2013(72)
2018(206)
2019(335)
2016(263)
2017(189)
0000(12)
2020(423)
2021(320)
Show More >> Show Less >>

Article type

Research Article(2602)
Special Issue(11)
Research Report (2)
Book Review(1)
Editorial Note(1)
Show More >> Show Less >>

Publication title

International Journal of Management and Sustainability(181)
International Journal of Mathematical Research(57)
International Journal of Sustainable Development & World Policy(67)
The International Journal of Biotechnology(88)
International Journal of Sustainable Energy and Environmental Research(72)
International Journal of Education and Practice(283)
International Journal of Chemistry and Materials Research(57)
Review of Information Engineering and Applications(28)
International Journal of Natural Sciences Research(76)
Humanities and Social Sciences Letters(169)
International Journal of Chemical and Process Engineering Research(34)
Journal of Empirical Studies(32)
The Economics and Finance Letters(98)
International Journal of Business, Economics and Management(181)
Journal of Food Technology Research(69)
Journal of Social Economics Research(81)
International Journal of Sustainable Agricultural Research(125)
The Asia Journal of Applied Microbiology(27)
International Journal of Advances in Life Science and Technology(14)
Review of Industrial Engineering Letters(22)
Review of Environment and Earth Sciences(32)
Current Research in Agricultural Sciences(93)
International Journal of Public Policy and Administration Research(52)
Journal of Tourism Management Research(75)
Review of Knowledge Economy(23)
Review of Energy Technologies and Policy Research(17)
Review of Computer Engineering Research(59)
Review of Advances in Physics Theories and Applications(8)
Journal of Minerals and Materials Research(2)
Asian Journal of Energy Transformation and Conservation(15)
International Research Journal of Insect Sciences(12)
Cancers Review(14)
Journal of Building Construction, Planning and Materials Research(3)
Animal Review(46)
Journal of New Media and Mass Communication(16)
Journal of Future Internet(8)
Journal of Forests(39)
Journal of Nutrients(12)
Journal of Sports Research(57)
Journal of Diagnostics(23)
Review of Catalysts(4)
Journal of Diseases(33)
Review of Plant Studies(16)
Journal of Challenges(6)
Journal of Brain Sciences(6)
Financial Risk and Management Reviews(31)
Games Review(8)
International Journal of Veterinary Sciences Research(22)
Journal of Information(17)
Journal of Cells(6)
Quarterly Journal of Econometrics Research(19)
Genes Review(7)
Journal of Atmosphere(8)
World Journal of Molecular Research(3)
International Journal of Hydrology Research(9)
International Journal of Climate Research(17)
International Journal of Business Strategy and Social Sciences(10)
International Journal of Geography and Geology(1)
World Journal of Vocational Education and Training(24)
Research in English Language Teaching(3)
Show More >> Show Less >>
Listing 117 - 20 of 2617 results.

Characterization of a Novel Floral Mutation Induced by Gamma Irradiation of Philippine Rice Variety NSIC Rc9 (Apo)

Research Article
Author(s):
Journal: International Journal of Sustainable Agricultural Research

Export to    BibTeX   |   EndNote   |   RIS

Abstract
Seed mutation by gamma irradiation of 250 Gy 60Co of the Philippine rice variety NSIC Rc9 (Apo) in 2009 DS generated 390 M2 plants, from which one line exhibited a floral mutation different from those previously reported. The mutant was then designated as PR40858-SM2009DS 929-1. Floral development observation resulted in the determination of the crop stage at 76 days after seeding (DAS) in which the floral mutation started to manifest. Comparative agro-morphological characterization of the mutant in 2012 WS showed that it is variable in seven (7) traits, including floral characteristics such as, panicle axis, type and secondary branching, lemma and palea color, and seed coat pubescence. Reduction in grain yield and yield component traits was observed in the mutant line. Detailed characterization of the young panicle showed abnormalities involving the elongation of the rachis, the secondary branches, spikelet and reproductive organs. Mutations in spikelet includes reduction in size and shape, which was translated to the changes in matured grain dimensions. The mutation also affected the viability of the pollen grains resulting to higher spikelet sterility in comparison to the wildtype. The mutant were also variable in nine (9) agronomic traits, including flowering days, plant height, panicle length, tiller production, culm diameter, leaf length and width at maximum tillering, and flag leaf length and width. The characterization of the mutant line revealed other abnormalities aside from the mutation observed in its inflorescence structure making it significantly variable from the wildtype and from the other floral mutations reported in rice.
Contribution/ Originality
The paper contributes to the initial characterization of a novel floral mutant generated from gamma irradiation of the Philippine rice variety NSIC Rc9 (Apo), which is different from the previously reported floral mutations in rice. This paper presents the traits of the mutant plant, specifically the mutation in the floral structures.
Agricultural Sciences » International Journal of Sustainable Agricultural Research » Month: 03-2021 Issue: 1

Chemical Control of Alternaria Brown Spot on Mandarins Cultivars in Tunisia

Research Article
Author(s):
Journal: Review of Plant Studies

Export to    BibTeX   |   EndNote   |   RIS

Abstract
Three field experiments were conducted to evaluate the efficiency of seven active ingredients (Tryfloxystrobin, Iprodione, Procymidone, Mancozebe, Propinebe, Tebuconazole and Coppersulfate), against Alternaria brown spot (ABS) caused by Alternaria alternata on Minneola, Fortune, Nova and Tangerine mandarins citrus cultivars in Tunisia. Over the three trials, citrus trees received 6, 10 and 16 fungicides sprays. The results of the present investigation demonstrated the prevention ability of Mancozebe, Iprodione and Copper sulfate according to disease incidence, fruit infection and losses caused by ABS. Furthermore, the applications of those three fungicides used in mixture reduce the ABS development. In fact, disease incidence was reduced better after an application of a mixture of Mancozebe and Iprodione compared to application of Mancozebe or Iprodione alone and after an application of an alternation of Mancozebe and Iprodione with copper sulfate. From this study, it revealed that the incidence of ABS, an emerging fungi disease on Citrus in Tunisia, could be reduced by using chemical products.
Contribution/ Originality
This study documents the evaluation of the efficiency of seven active ingredients against citrus Alternaria brown spot caused by Alternaria alternata on Minneola, Fortune, Nova and Tangerine mandarin cultivars in Tunisia.
Agricultural Sciences » Review of Plant Studies » Month: 12-2020 Issue: 1

English Teaching Reconstruction at Indonesian Elementary Schools: Students' Point of View

Research Article
Author(s):
Journal: International Journal of Education and Practice

Export to    BibTeX   |   EndNote   |   RIS

Abstract
Indonesia has experienced a resurgence of interest in the English language teaching. English learning is viewed as an essential aspect to build skills of the youth. In order to keep abreast of these demands, a lot of curricular and pedagogical changes have been made in teaching programs and formal education setting. This research investigated the reconstructing patterns of English Teaching after the implementation of the New 2013 curriculum in the Indonesian elementary schools from students' point of view. The sample of this qualitative study constituted participants randomly selected from primary schools in Serang City, Indonesia. Questionnaire and in-depth interviews were used to collect the data on three factors, namely the potential of reconstructing English curriculum learning sources, the opportunity of English learning, and students’ perception toward learning English. This study found that primary school students had higher English learning familiarity since they had access to adequate English learning sources; they also responded very well to learning opportunities of the English courses; and revealed a positive perception about their English learning experience. These results indicate that the English language had the potential to be reconstructed in the latest curriculum of primary schools in Indonesia to optimize the young learners' potential for language acquisition. This study recognizes that the reposition of English teaching is essential to maximize students' potential. The study recommends highlighting students' points of view while reconstructing the curriculum. This study also answered the gap of students' perception towards English learning in order to complete user acceptance.
Contribution/ Originality
This study is one of very few studies which have investigated the importance of teaching after the English reconstruction attempts made by the new Curriculum 2013 in elementary schools of Indonesia from students’ point of view. It highlighted the aspects of learning source, learning opportunity, and perception toward English faced by students in order to reform English teaching position in Indonesia.
Arts and Education » International Journal of Education and Practice » Month: 03-2021 Issue: 1

Teachers Perspectives on Barriers of Inclusion of Autistic Students in Saudi Arabia Schools

Research Article
Author(s):
Journal: International Journal of Education and Practice

Export to    BibTeX   |   EndNote   |   RIS

Abstract
The study aimed to identify barriers to achieve inclusion goals for Autistic students in the regular schools in KSA, from the teachers' point of view according to variables (teacher gender, teacher qualification, and the stage at which he or she teaches).This study was based on a sample of (120) teachers (70 male and 50 female) of autistic children in inclusion programs for children with autism in regular schools in Riyadh. The questionnaire was applied through survey delivered via email and its results revealed that school administration barriers came in first place, followed by the barriers related to the families of students with autism disorder, then barriers related to autism, and last place was barriers related to society. There were differences of autistic students’ teachers in the first domain "barriers related to autism" and in the third domain "barriers related to school administration" in favor of females teachers. However, in the fourth domain "barriers related to society" were in favor of male teachers.
Contribution/ Originality
This study contributes to identifying barriers to achieve inclusion goals of autistic students in regular schools from teachers' perspectives taking variables like teacher’s gender, teacher’s qualification, and stage at which he or she teaches. The study relied on four axes, viz. barriers related to school administration, autism, family, and society.
Arts and Education » International Journal of Education and Practice » Month: 03-2021 Issue: 1

Sustainability Performance and Sustainable Development Goals

Research Article
Author(s):
Journal: International Journal of Sustainable Development & World Policy

Export to    BibTeX   |   EndNote   |   RIS

Abstract
The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of sustainability performance on the achievement of sustainable development goals (SDGs). This study examines each of the sustainability performance indicators consisting of economic performance, social performance and environmental performance on the achievement of sustainable development goals. The data used in this study are primary data. This study used a quantitative approach with a questionnaire survey model given to division managers in go public companies in the manufacturing sector in Indonesia. The questionnaires that can be processed are 124 respondents from 42 manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange that publish annual reports. Methods of data analysis using structural equation modeling with the help of the Smart PLS application. The results showed that the social and environmental performance that has been achieved by the company was seen as capable of supporting the achievement of the SDGs, but that the economic performance has no impact on the SDGs.
Contribution/ Originality
This study is one of the few studies that examine the effect of sustainability performance on the achievement of sustainable development goals. This research contributes to identifying the dimensions of sustainability performance (economic, social and environmental) to support the achievement of sustainable development goals.
Economics » International Journal of Sustainable Development & World Policy » Month: 03-2021 Issue: 1

The Impact of Covid-19 Pandemic on the Global Economy: Emphasis on Poverty Alleviation and Economic Growth

Research Article
Author(s):
Journal: The Economics and Finance Letters

Export to    BibTeX   |   EndNote   |   RIS

Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has devastated the global economy, which has rendered many of the world's population impoverished. Moreover, the pandemic has generated some uncertainties regarding economic and social policies. This phenomenon is lately the brunt of every government across the globe. This present study seeks to evaluate the pandemic's impact on poverty alleviation and the global GDP by considering individual countries' heterogeneous effects in a panel study. The motivation is to unravel the social and economic effects on the global economy. However, 170 countries are utilized in this study, and econometric panel techniques such as OLS and robust least square regression methods are utilized. The data was collected from OurWorldindata.com, comprising total COVID-19 cases, total deaths, stringency index, human development index, and gross domestic product per capita. The study's findings stipulate that many people's stringency and the contraction of the disease have inversely affected poverty alleviation and economic growth. Nevertheless, for the deaths recorded so far positively affects both poverty alleviation and economic growth. This development signals the essence of controlling population growth as it impedes economic growth and poverty alleviation. The study recommends that governments invest in health and education improvement and stimulate their economies to create employment that could propagate growth to improve poverty alleviation and economic growth.
Contribution/ Originality
This study contributes to the existing literature and presents the long-run impact of COVID-19 pandemic on economic growth and poverty alleviation in the global context.
Economics » The Economics and Finance Letters » Month: 06-2021 Issue: 1

The Effect of Farmers Social Networks on Sustainable Agricultural Practices Adoption: A Scoping Review Protocol

Research Article
Author(s):
Journal: International Journal of Sustainable Agricultural Research

Export to    BibTeX   |   EndNote   |   RIS

Abstract
Agriculture as practiced for decades had a considerable negative impact on the environment. To fulfill the needs of the growing population, the yield had been increased by the use of more land, fertilizer, and pesticides. The consequences were the destruction of the forest, the loss of biodiversity, irrigation problems, the pollution, and so on. To remedy this, a new form of agriculture has emerged: sustainable agriculture. The goal is “to meet society’s food and textile needs in the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs”. Adoption of adequate agricultural practices is the best way to implement sustainable agriculture. Many factors have been found to affect farmers in their decision to effectively adopt sustainable agricultural practices. External factors, such as farmers’ social networks, have increasingly captured the interest of researchers. In this paper, we will be presenting a scoping review protocol under the structure recommended by Arksey and O’Malley (2005) by answering the following questions: 1-What do we currently know about the influence of farmers’ social networks in their decision to adopt sustainable agricultural practices? 2-What are the theories/methods used by researchers to study this effect? 3- What are the major knowledge gaps? We used five electronic databases to conduct this scoping review: Web of Science, Sciences Direct, Wiley Online Library, SpringerLink, and EBSCO host.
Contribution/ Originality
To the best of our knowledge, this scoping review protocol is the first to focus only on the influence of farmers' social networks in their adoption of sustainable agricultural practices. The evidence produced from the review will therefore be important in driving future research on the topic.
Agricultural Sciences » International Journal of Sustainable Agricultural Research » Month: 03-2021 Issue: 1

Study and Comparative Analysis of Programming Languages Used for Big Data

Research Article
Author(s):
Journal: Review of Information Engineering and Applications

Export to    BibTeX   |   EndNote   |   RIS

Abstract
This article provides information about the industrial revolutions and analyzes the Fourth Industrial Revolution. The Fourth Industrial Revolution takes away the potential risks of unsustainable growth and world systems, and its coming is estimated as a challenge. The main technologies of the Fourth Industrial Revolution are identified. Big data technologies enable to handle different types of data at the same time. Big data is very important among technologies. The difference between big data and usual data is that the volume of Big Data starts at terabytes. The types technologies used for big data are explained. The programming languages used for big data are extensively analyzed. Their similarities and differences are compared. Big data will be among the most required information technologies. The article analyzes the literature in this area and data analysis methods for Big data. There are other criteria that emphasize the need for new methods to work with big data.
Contribution/ Originality
The study also contributes the exploration of the types of technologies used for big data.
Computer Sciences » Review of Information Engineering and Applications » Month: 06-2021 Issue: 1

South African Teachers Perspectives on Using the Computer as a Tool for Teaching and Learning

Research Article
Author(s):
Journal: International Journal of Education and Practice

Export to    BibTeX   |   EndNote   |   RIS

Abstract
The aim of this paper was to explore teachers’ perspectives on the importance of the computer as a tool for enhancement of effective teaching and learning. Current research indicates that the developed world is at vanguard in revealing most of this information much more than developing nations like South Africa. Taking cognizance of teachers’ perspectives in South Africa helps in improving the educational dispensation systems because future economic realities of any country depend on the quality of its education. Using an interpretivist paradigm, semi-structured interviews were triangulated with participant observations to elicit detailed data from a case study involving three secondary schools that were purposively sampled by virtue of having and using computers. A sample of six participant teachers was interviewed, and one lesson of each was observed using computer tools. Findings reveal that computer usage was irregular, rather superficial and insignificant. This small scale investigation recommends that Technological Pedagogical Educational Psychology and Content Domain (TPEPCD) model should be adopted in all teacher training institutions; so as to enhance the professional development of teachers who can teach diligently in accordance with the Fourth Industrial Revolution (4IR) requirements.
Contribution/ Originality
The primary contribution of this study is to encourage policy makers, educational planners and the South African Department of Basic Education, in particular to adopt proactive and practical measures to enhance teachers’ professional repertoire in the wake of digital technologies and trends of the 4IR. Furthermore, these findings hint at the contingent global educational trends and suggest Education and e-Learning policymakers how to make decisions from an informed perspective.
Arts and Education » International Journal of Education and Practice » Month: 03-2021 Issue: 1

Modelling Stock Returns Volatility and Asymmetric News Effect: A Global Perspective

Research Article
Author(s):
Journal: Financial Risk and Management Reviews

Export to    BibTeX   |   EndNote   |   RIS

Abstract
This paper modelled stock returns volatility using daily S&P Global 1200 index from 1st September, 2010 to 30th September, 2020. The S&P 1200 represents a free-float weighted stock market index of global equities covering seven (7) regional stock market indices and approximately 70% of the global market capitalization, hence was used to compute global stock returns. The data analysis was carried out with Generalized Autoregressive Conditional Heteroskedasticity (GARCH) techniques. Of the variant GARCH models specified in this study, the symmetric GARCH-M (1,1) and the asymmetric TGARCH (1,1) models were found suitable for the estimation. The findings from the GARCH-M and TGARCH models revealed explosive volatility persistence and strong asymmetric news effect in the global stock market, respectively. The implication of volatility persistence is that current volatility shocks influenced expected returns over a long period. The asymmetric news effect showed that negative news (bad news) spurred stock returns volatility than positive news (good news) especially in 2020 which was due to the COVID-19 crisis as shown by the plot of the conditional variance. These results were consistent with the empirical findings of a number of studies in emerging markets. Hence, the study concludes that the global stock market exhibited high volatility persistence and leverage effect during the sampled period.
Contribution/ Originality
This study contributes to the literature by modelling global stock returns volatility and asymmetric news effect using a new stock index (S&P 1200 global index). The paper contributes the first logical analysis that volatility of S&P 1200 returns is explosive and largely influenced by news available in the global markets.
Economics » Financial Risk and Management Reviews » Month: 03-2021 Issue: 1

Evaluation of In-Vitro Anti-Bacterial Qualities of Camels Urine in Somali Region of Ethiopia against Selected Bacterial Pathogens

Research Article
Author(s):
Journal: The International Journal of Biotechnology

Export to    BibTeX   |   EndNote   |   RIS

Abstract
Camel urine is believed to contain therapeutic and anti-bacterial factors. Until recently, there is no relevant study done to assess the antibacterial qualities of camel’s urine in Somali regional state, Ethiopia. The aim of this study was to evaluate the anti-bacterial activity of camel urine against some selected bacterial in the region. A laboratory based experimental research was conducted in Jigjiga University, Ethiopia. 13 samples of camel’s urine were collected in the Morning during April, 2020, of which 7(56.8%) were female camels and 6(43.2%) were male camels and the anti-bacterial potency of camel urine against some pathogenic bacterial including Klebsella Pneumonia, Citrobacter, Escherichia Coli, and Staphylococcus aureus were tested. Then, Minimum inhibitory concentrations and Minimum bactericidal concentrations values were figured out accordingly. Data were analyzed SPSS Version 23. Mean inhibition zone of Klebsella Pneumonia (18.631±1.39) Citrobacter (16.83 ±1.39) Escherichia Coli (14.73±1.39), and Staphylococcus aureus (10.66±1.39) were founded in the study and mean minimum inhibitory concentration of Klebsella Pneumonia (12.02%,) Citrobacter (8.2%), Escherichia Coli (12.5%), and Staphylococcus aureus (10.6%) and also the result indicated a mean minimum bactericidal concentration of Klebsella Pneumonia (9.6%), Citrobacter (9.1%), Escherichia Coli (9, 6%), and Staphylococcus aureus (10.1%). The result showed potential antibacterial effects of camel (Camelus dromedarius) urine against bacterial strains tested on. Therefore, camel urine could be used as an ingredient that can be produced antibiotics to prevail against any of the illnesses caused by the bacterial species tested on it.
Contribution/ Originality
The study contributes to the existing literature fill the geographical research gap of camel’s urine anti-bacterial quality and also global community a new agent that can be used to mitigate the diseases that is caused by bacterial pathogen.
Biological Sciences » The International Journal of Biotechnology » Month: 06-2021 Issue: 1

Impacts of Domestic Savings and Domestic Investment on Economic Growth: An Empirical Study for Pakistan

Research Article
Author(s):
Journal: Journal of Social Economics Research

Export to    BibTeX   |   EndNote   |   RIS

Abstract
The purpose of this paper is to ascertain the dynamic impacts of domestic savings and domestic investment on economic growth of Pakistan by using annual data spanning from 1973 to 2018. After being confirmed that all the variables are stationary at first difference and have long-run cointegrating association, this study employed Dynamic Ordinary Least Squares (DOLS) approach to estimate long-run elasticities. The empirical findings reveal that domestic savings are negatively and domestic investment is positively associated with economic growth in Pakistan. In a nutshell, the results convey that domestic savings are dampening the economic growth figures and domestic investment is contributing to economic growth figures of Pakistan. The results of causality analyses report bidirectional causal link between domestic savings and economic growth and a unidirectional causal association between economic growth and domestic investment. Based on these empirical findings some policies are recommended to accelerate economic growth and for the long term sustainability of economic growth in Pakistan.
Contribution/ Originality
This study is one of very few studies which have investigated how the economic growth of Pakistan has been influenced by domestic savings and domestic investment between the period 1973-2018. The study found that domestic savings negatively and domestic investment positively affected economic growth of Pakistan during that period.
Economics » Journal of Social Economics Research » Month: 06-2021 Issue: 1

A Study on Financial Performance of Transport & Warehouses Firms Listed on the Hanoi Stock Exchange

Research Article
Author(s):
Journal: The Economics and Finance Letters

Export to    BibTeX   |   EndNote   |   RIS

Abstract
The aim of this study is two-fold. Firstly, it attempts to assess the financial performance of Transport & Warehouses Firms Listed on the Hanoi Stock Exchange (HNX). Secondly, it analyses and measure Cronbach's Alpha coefficients of the dependent variable, including, return on assets (ROA), return on equity (ROE) & return on sales (ROS). A quantitative research was conducted by collecting ROA, ROE & ROS in 22 Transport & Warehouses Firms Listed on the Hanoi Stock Exchange. We then categorized the ROA, ROE and ROS indicators into 5 levels ranging from 1 to 5. The first main findings from the study reveal that there are over 30% of Transport & Warehouses Firms with low financial performance and limited financial capacity. The second main research findings resulted from Cronbach’s Alpha: Cronbach’s Alpha of ROA, ROE and ROS are pretty tall, enough for analysis. Research findings are bases for recommendations to improve financial performance of Transport & Warehouses Firms Listed on the Hanoi Stock Exchange.
Contribution/ Originality
This study uses new estimation methodology to analyse and measure the financial performance of Transport & Warehouses Firms Listed on the Hanoi Stock Exchange over the period 2015-2019. The paper's primary contribution is finding that benefit the Transport & Warehouses firms Listed on HNX in the improvement of their profit.
Economics » The Economics and Finance Letters » Month: 06-2021 Issue: 1

Inclusion of 21st Century Skills in Teacher Preparation Programs in the Light of Global Expertise

Research Article
Author(s):
Journal: International Journal of Education and Practice

Export to    BibTeX   |   EndNote   |   RIS

Abstract
The present study aims to explore global expertise of including 21st century skills in teacher preparation programs and the reality of including (information and communication, thinking and problem solving, as well as interpersonal and self-directional) skills in these programs. It also highlights the differences in the reality of including 21st century skills in teacher preparation programs according to specialization, years of experience, and academic qualification. The author adopted the analytical-descriptive approach and applied a questionnaire to a randomly selected sample of 50 in-service teachers in Saudi Arabia. The results showed that the arithmetic means of the information and media literacy, critical and systematic thinking, self-direction, accountability and adaptability, and social responsibility skills were moderate. They were moderate and low in the communication, problem identification and solution formulation, and interpersonal and collaborative skills. The arithmetic means were low in creativity and intellectual curiosity. Moreover, there were no statistically significant differences in all domains due to specialization, years of experience, and academic qualification. The study recommends conducting training courses and workshops on 21st century skills for in-service teachers.
Contribution/ Originality
The paper draws the attention of authors and planners to teacher preparation programs in the light of 21st century skills that help create an aware and educated generation. It provides distinguished global expertise. Thus, in implementing programs, we should reconsider having a teacher who masters the 21st-century skills.
Arts and Education » International Journal of Education and Practice » Month: 03-2021 Issue: 1

Destination Image as Means of Branding and Marketing: Evidence from a Mountainous City Destination in Greece

Research Article
Author(s):
Journal: Journal of Tourism Management Research

Export to    BibTeX   |   EndNote   |   RIS

Abstract
The purpose of this paper is to offer insights on a mountainous city destination branding and image. The paper reviews existing literature by analyzing its factors, its formation and its measurement elements. The study aims to test a theoretical model of destination branding by examining the relationships of cognitive, affective and unique image components with the overall brand image and the tourist’s behavior in the city of Edessa on the mountainous area of Pella in Greece. This paper contributes to the analysis and exploration of tourists' views on the image of Edessa in such a way as to assist managers and tourism professionals in reviewing their marketing and promotional activities to meet the needs of tourists. The methodology used was twofold. First a quantitative research to the city’s tourists was conducted and secondly a qualitative research with the use of interviews was conducted to the city’s stakeholders. Focus was given on the general characteristics of the city of Edessa including the vision, goals, actions, set by the city authorities, in order to extract results through the research based on how the image of Edessa is perceived by the visitors and residents of the city and especially the stakeholders and those whose decisions shape the touristic image of the place. The results of the research conducted shows that the creation of images is related to the significance of the water element through the breathtaking waterfalls and city’s natural environment. In addition, the agricultural products of the area, contribute to the enhancement of the image of the city and particularly the integration of fruits in the local gastronomical culture.
Contribution/ Originality
This study contributes to the existing literature as it examines a theoretical model of destination branding and the relationships of cognitive, affective and unique image components with the overall brand image and the tourist’s behavior in the city of Edessa, Greece.
Business & Management » Journal of Tourism Management Research » Month: 06-2021 Issue: 1

Quality Evaluation of Instant Mosa (A Fried Maize Based Snack) Produced from Fermented Maize and Sorghum Flour

Research Article
Author(s):
Journal: Journal of Food Technology Research

Export to    BibTeX   |   EndNote   |   RIS

Abstract
The study evaluated the quality of mosa produced from fermented maize and sorghum flour. The grains were subjected to fermentation, drying and milling to obtain four samples coded MFDS (Milled Fermented Dried Sorghum), MFDM (Milled Fermented Dried Maize), FDMM (Fermented Dried Milled Maize) and FDMS (Fermented Dried Milled Soghum). Proximate, functional and physiochemical analysis were determined on the flour with sensory evaluation of the fried mosa using the traditional fermented wet milled maize as control. The value of protein, fat, crude fiber, ash and carbohydrate ranged from 4.25-7.06, 0.42-0.71%, 0.27-0.46%, 2.17-3.26% and 29.85-88.72% respectively. There was no significant difference (p>0.05) between sample FDMS and FDMM in respect to protein, fat and crude fibre. Also, there was no significant difference (p>0.05) between samples FDMS and MFDM with respect to ash and carbohydrate. The water absorption capacity, oil absorption, swelling capacity and solubility ranged were 0.65-0.74 g/ml, 26.33-88.33 g/ml, 13.00-81.00 g/ml, 3.93-9.04 g/ml and 0.20-7.00% respectively. FDMS, FDMM and MFDS did not differ significantly (p>0.05) in bulk density, swelling capacity and solubility. The value of pH and TTA ranged from 4.19-6.86 and 0.05-0.34 respectively. The colour, taste, flavor, appearance, texture and overall acceptability ranged 6.27-8.10, 4.93-7.80, 4.80-7.40, 6.57-7.50, 4.87-7.47 and 5.73-7.87 respectively. The sensory scores revealed no significant difference (p>0.05) between sample FMWM, MFDM, FDMS and FDMM with respect to taste, colour, flavor and overall acceptability. The study shows that a more nutritious mosa can be produced from fermented sorghum grains, followed by drying and milling.
Contribution/ Originality
The paper’s primary contribution is finding that Mosa (a maize based snack) can be produced alternatively from sorghum, and more instantly and conveniently using pre fermented flours thus increasing the utilization of sorghum grains and conveniency of Mosa production. The product compared well with the control.
Agricultural Sciences » Journal of Food Technology Research » Month: 06-2021 Issue: 1

Boosting Farm Productivity through Intensification of Soybean Production Technology

Research Article
Author(s):
Journal: International Journal of Sustainable Agricultural Research

Export to    BibTeX   |   EndNote   |   RIS

Abstract
This study aims to critically bring to the fore appropriate soybean production technologies that boost the level of farm productivity. Multistage sampling techniques were used in selecting respondents for this study. Primary data was collected using structured questionnaires. Descriptive statistics and Multinomial Logit regression model were the analytical techniques employed. The results indicated that most (35%) were within the age bracket of 21-30 years; 39.7% had farming experience of 1-5 years. Most (73.3%) had extension contact; most (75%) were married, and most (63.3%) were male. Furthermore, most (55%) had farm size of ?1.9 hectares; most (38.3%) had household size of 11-30 people. Also, planting on ridges (80%), use of viable seeds (79.2%) and recommended harvesting time (50.0%); were the prevalent soybean production technologies adopted in the study area. In addition, the coefficient of multiple determinations (R2) was 0.7831 suggesting that 78% of the variation in the soybean farmer’s adoption decision was accounted for by the variables in the regression model. The remaining 22% is attributable to omitted variables and the stochastic error term. Furthermore, the most significant constraints of adoption of soybean production technologies were; high cost of technology (68.3%), lack of technical expertise (50.8%), inadequate capital (40.8%), and poor market linkages (40.0%). Thus, this study revealed that socioeconomic variables affected farmer’s adoption decisions. Moreover, technology adoption was relatively low with consequent declining farm productivity. However, improved extension service, subsidized and improved access and/ or supply of inputs, credit and market linkages are strongly recommended.
Contribution/ Originality
This study is one of the few studies which have investigated appropriate soybean production technologies that boost farm productivity.
Agricultural Sciences » International Journal of Sustainable Agricultural Research » Month: 03-2021 Issue: 1

The Effects of The Covid-19 Pandemic on Exploitative and Explorative Strategies of Pharmaceutical Industries in Brazil

Research Article
Author(s):
Journal: International Journal of Business, Economics and Management

Export to    BibTeX   |   EndNote   |   RIS

Abstract
The survey assesses whether changes in highly competitive market environments have led pharmaceutical companies in Brazil to adjust their corporate strategies in order to maintain or expand their performance. The study is of a theoretical-empirical type, and supported by a regression model and content analysis. Data collection applied questionnaires and interviews with managers of the pharmaceutical industries in two moments. The questionnaire referred to previous information (year 2019) and during the Covid-19 pandemic (June and December 2020). The interviews sought answers about future perspectives. As main results, the correlations between Market Turbulence, Exploitation, Exploration, Ambidexterity and Performance were positively validated, with the exception between Market Turbulence and Exploitation in 2019 and between Market Turbulence and Exploitation and also Exploration in 2019 and 2020. It is clear that companies in the pharmaceutical industry in Brazil changed their strategies to maintain or expand their performance in the face of this uncertain scenario, keeping exploration at levels similar to the previous year, but seeking balance in terms of exploitation, in the pursuit of ambidexterity, optimizing advantages of both strategies, with the mitigation of risks inherent to a turbulent scenario.
Contribution/ Originality
This study contributes to the organizational ambidexterity literature in highly turbulent environments, as is the case of the Covid-19 Pandemic, as well as identifies and analyzes how the pharmaceutical industries in Brazil had to carry out their incremental and or radical innovations in the global health crisis in 2020.
Economics » International Journal of Business, Economics and Management » Month: 03-2021 Issue: 3

The Effect of Education Expenditure on Economic Growth: The Case of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

Research Article
Author(s):
Journal: Humanities and Social Sciences Letters

Export to    BibTeX   |   EndNote   |   RIS

Abstract
The relationship between the cost of education and economic growth is among the studies attracting interest in economic literature. This study revealed that education expenses in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia had a positive effect on economic growth for the period 1990–2017, and is explained as follows: first, in the long term, with an estimated flexibility value of 0.89, which means that a rise in education expenditure of 1% would lead to an increase in economic growth of 0.89%, and second, in the short term, the relationship between domestic production and the volume of expenditure is also statistically positive and significant with the estimated value of partial flexibility being 0.3, which means that an increase in education expenditure by 1% would lead to a rise in the domestic production volume by 0.3%. Furthermore, a higher allocation of resources for education expenses could make the KSA economy more dynamic.
Contribution/ Originality
This study is one of very few studies that have investigated the effect of spending on education on economic growth in the KSA using Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) Models. The paper's primary contribution is finding a positive relationship between spending on education and economic growth rate.
Social Sciences » Humanities and Social Sciences Letters » Month: 03-2021 Issue: 1

Influence of Reaction Temperature on Bioethanol Production by Saccharomyces Cerevisiae Using Cassava as Substrate

Research Article
Author(s):
Journal: International Journal of Sustainable Energy and Environmental Research

Export to    BibTeX   |   EndNote   |   RIS

Abstract
The alarming awareness and increasing concern over effect of global warming, and environmental pollution due to the continuous combustion of fossil fuels has necessitated the call for an alternative renewable energy. The trepidation on the sustainability of the global food supply due to emphasis on corn production to meet the increased demand for bioethanol led to the need to assess the potential of alternative crops as sources of bioethanol production. On this focus, cassava proved to be an ideal crop to fulfil this need as it is more abundant and meeting requirement in serving both edible and nonedible usage than corn. However, the yield and quality of bioethanol produced from cassava can be impacted by alteration of temperature during production process. From this research, production of bioethanol from cassava was found to be optimum at a temperature of 35°C, with maximum yield of 95% and any increase beyond 40°C leads to the gelatinization of starch. The research has stroke a balance at where and when temperature needs to be altered to increase yield.
Contribution/ Originality
This study contributes to the existing literature by exploring the specific influence of reaction temperature as a limiting factor in bioethanol synthesis. It is our firm believe that through this kind of study, bioethanol production process can successfully be optimized.
Energy & Environmental Sciences » International Journal of Sustainable Energy and Environmental Research » Month: 06-2021 Issue: 1