International Journal of Management and Sustainability(181)
International Journal of Geography and Geology(115)
International Journal of Mathematical Research(57)
International Journal of Sustainable Development & World Policy(67)
The International Journal of Biotechnology(88)
International Journal of Sustainable Energy and Environmental Research(72)
International Journal of Education and Practice(283)
International Journal of Chemistry and Materials Research(57)
Review of Information Engineering and Applications(28)
International Journal of Natural Sciences Research(76)
Humanities and Social Sciences Letters(169)
International Journal of Chemical and Process Engineering Research(34)
Journal of Empirical Studies(32)
The Economics and Finance Letters(98)
International Journal of Medical and Health Sciences Research(74)
International Journal of Business, Economics and Management(181)
Journal of Food Technology Research(69)
Journal of Social Economics Research(81)
International Journal of Sustainable Agricultural Research(125)
The Asia Journal of Applied Microbiology(27)
International Journal of Advances in Life Science and Technology(14)
Review of Industrial Engineering Letters(22)
Review of Environment and Earth Sciences(32)
Current Research in Agricultural Sciences(93)
International Journal of Public Policy and Administration Research(52)
Journal of Tourism Management Research(75)
Review of Knowledge Economy(23)
Review of Energy Technologies and Policy Research(17)
Review of Computer Engineering Research(59)
Review of Advances in Physics Theories and Applications(8)
Journal of Minerals and Materials Research(2)
Asian Journal of Energy Transformation and Conservation(15)
International Research Journal of Insect Sciences(12)
Cancers Review(14)
Journal of Building Construction, Planning and Materials Research(3)
Animal Review(46)
Journal of New Media and Mass Communication(16)
Journal of Future Internet(8)
Journal of Forests(39)
Journal of Nutrients(12)
Journal of Sports Research(57)
Journal of Diagnostics(23)
Review of Catalysts(4)
Journal of Diseases(33)
Review of Plant Studies(16)
Journal of Challenges(6)
Journal of Brain Sciences(6)
Financial Risk and Management Reviews(31)
Games Review(8)
International Journal of Veterinary Sciences Research(22)
Journal of Information(17)
Journal of Cells(6)
Quarterly Journal of Econometrics Research(19)
Genes Review(7)
Journal of Atmosphere(8)
World Journal of Molecular Research(3)
International Journal of Hydrology Research(9)
International Journal of Climate Research(17)
International Journal of Business Strategy and Social Sciences(10)
World Journal of Vocational Education and Training(24)
Research in English Language Teaching(3)
Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) is an ad-hoc mobile network and is highly vulnerable to attacks because, it consists of various resource-constrained devices and they communicate via wireless links. Security of group communication for large mobile wireless sensor network hinges on efficient authentication protocol scheme. Consequently, one of the most primary challenge, on endow with the security services in sensor nodes are key distribution. Secure communications in wireless sensor networks are critical. As the wireless medium is characterized by its lossy nature, reliable communication cannot be assumed with pair-wise keys, LOCK (Localized Combinatorial Keying) and Structured Graphs etc. Therefore, security with key distribution is a good factor considered in wireless sensor network communications. The only requirement for a user is to send information in a reliable manner to the destination; this will be provided only with the security. In this regard, a novel secured authentication protocol scheme with finger-print scheme provides full security and very good resilience is proposed. It also has low transaction overhead and reduced less space overhead. This novel method produces good improvements in the functionality of security. Contribution/ Originality
This study is one of very few studies which have investigated in the area of Authentication in Wireless Sensor Networks. Major threats are viewed and addressed with the dynamic password system. With this dynamic methodology hacking of text-based password is not feasible. Computer Sciences » Review of Information Engineering and Applications » Month: 06-2014 Issue: 1
Combind Effect of Machining Parameters With Nose Radius of the Custting Tool on Surface Roughness of 304- Austenitic Stainless Steel Alloy Produced by Cnc-Turning Machin
It is well known that machining parameters have strong effect on the properties of surface roughness. Many investigations have done on this area. This work studies of combining effect of turning process parameters (cutting speed, feed rate, and depth of cut) with on surface roughness. Where, nose radius of the tool and machining parameters have taken as input variables and the surface roughness (Ra) as response or output. Three experiments were conducted; they were used to investigate the surface roughness resulted by tool corner radiuses of the values: 0.4mm, 0.8mm, and 1.2mm Response surface methodology (R.S.M) is applied as a tool to show the cause and effect of output (response) and input control and relationship between them as a two or three dimensional hyper surface. A three factor with five level central composite rotatable factors design was used.The results showed that R.S.M is a strong tool and capability tool to predict the effect of machining parameters on surface roughness. Results improved that the five level factorial designs can be employed for developing statistical models to predict surface roughness by controllable machining parameters. Results showed that the combined effect of cutting speed at its higher level, feed rate and depth of cut at their lower values, and large nose radius can result in better surface roughness. Contribution/ Originality
This study is one of very few studies which have investigated effecting of four parameters (as input) on one response (surface roughness). To accomplish this, a three factor with five level central composite rotatable factors design was used.
This study originates new formula of combining effect of turning process parameters (cutting speed, feed rate, and depth of cut) with on surface roughness. Where, nose radius of the tool and machining parameters have taken as input variables and the surface roughness (Ra) as response or output. This study documents that R.S.M is a strong tool and capability tool to predict the effect of machining parameters on surface roughness.
An elaborate study has been conducted in this article to estimate the cooling rate of the Gas Tungsten arc (GTA) welded steel butt joints of grade AISI 1090. The temperature dependent thermal parameters has been investigated in connection with developed rate of cooling. Experiment has been carried out ffto determine the thermal cycle formed along the longitudinal direction from weld bead. Implementing experimental temperatures, Adams empirical cooling rate correlation has incorporated to analyze rate of cooling. A correlation has been suggested in this study, derived from thick plate temperature distribution model. To find out the heat loss from the joint, Vinokurov’s empirical combined heat transfer coefficient has been utilized and with it has verified with conventional heat transfer coefficient based on convection and radiation. Cooling rate has been found out to be very rapid at z = 36mm to z = 108mm based on thick plate model and it has completely agreed with the variation of Adams correlation. At higher temperatures above 800ºC, heat loss due to radiation completely dominates the convection and lower temperatures convection heat loss influences much than radiation. Heat loss due to convection and radiation fully justified with the results produced based on cooling rate and rapid cooling near the fusion boundary exists only for 5s-10s. Contribution/ Originality
The paper’s primary contribution is finding the cooling rate and its effect on related thermal properties in Gas Tungsten Arc (GTA) welding of high carbon steel joints. Basically in present analysis, 0.9% C containing high carbon steel (AISI 1090) butt weld joint has been prepared and experimental temperature distribution has been analyzed. The effect of rapid temperature cycle formed and its dynamic effect on temperature dependent properties such as thermal conductivity, rate of cooling based on convection, radiation and evaporation has been studied. Cooling rate has been estimated by ’Thick Plate Model’, due to its close validation with experimental temperature cycle. This study reveals that all the temperature dependent properties are very randomly changing near the heat affected zone within the time range of 5s-10s. This article gives parametric study of effect of cooling rate and temperature dependent parameters developed in GTA welding of butt joints. Engineering » Review of Industrial Engineering Letters » Month: 12-2014 Issue: 2
Effects of Cotton Gin Trash Level on the Performance of Desert Lambs in New Halfa Area, Kassala State, Sudan
An experiment was conducted to evaluate cotton gin trash(CGT) as a feed for Shugor Desert lambs in New Halfa area in the Butana plain, Kassala State, Sudan. Cotton gin trash has high EE and CP and the proximate analysis (%) is 98.67, 18.25, 22.70, 38.35, 8.20 and 12.50 for DM, EE, CF, CP, ash and NFE, respectively. These residues cause environmental problem when it is not well exploited. Fifteen Shugor Desert lambs about 8-10 month old weighing 26.5 kg in average were divided to three groups and fed isocaloric and isonitrogenous rations with 0, 10% and 20% CGT for 6 weeks. Daily feed intake increased significantly (P≤0.05) with increasing CGT in rations (1.12, 1.30 and 1.37 kg at 0, 10 and 20% CGT, respectively).Final body weight increased with CGT in rations, but not significantly (P≥ 0.05) and were 34.66,34.76 and 36.90 kg , respectively. Weight gain increased with increasing CGT in rations, but not significantly(P≥ 0.05).They were 7.72, 7.78 and 9.98 kg at 0,10 and 20%CGT, respectively. Feed conversion ratio improved with increasing CGT in rations and were 7.80, 6.54 and 6.03 at 0,10 and 20%CGT, respectively. The results showed that CGT had good nutritive value and improved sheep feed intake, performance and feed conversion ratio and should be promoted. Contribution/ Originality
This study is one of very few studies which have investigated the effect of different levels of cotton gin trash on the performance of Sudanese desert lambs.The papers primary contribution is finding that cotton cotton gin trash had good nutritive value and improved sheep feed intake, performance and feed conversion ratio. Agricultural Sciences » Animal Review » Month: 03-2014 Issue: 1
Effects of Age at Fattening On Butana Camel Males Carcass Characteristics in the Sudan
Twelve male Butana camels were bought from Gadarif livestock market at 2, 3 and 4 years old (four in each age group) and fattened for eight weeks in the Animal Production Research Station in Gadarif, Gadarif State, Sudan. They were weighed before the morning meal at the beginning of the experiment and then weekly. The animals were fed sorghum stover ad lib in two equal meals at 8.00 am and 4.00 pm Each animal was daily offered 2.0 kg concentrates. The animals were fed for two weeks as a preliminary period before fattening for eight weeks. At the end of the experiment the animals were fasted overnight, weighed and then slaughtered. Blood was collected and head, neck and legs were removed and weighed. The animals were then skinned, eviscerated and body components were removed and weighed separately. The gastro intestinal tract was weighed full and empty. The hot carcass was weighed with the kidneys intact and then one carcass side was divided into 6 whole sale cuts and the cuts were then dissected into muscle, bone and fat. Data was statistically analyzed by analysis of variance for a completely randomized design using SPSS program. The means were compared using least significant difference (LSD). Slaughter weight, EBW and hot carcass weight increased with age at fattening and were significantly (P< 0.05) lighter at 2 years old. Dressing percentages on LBW and EBW increased with age at fattening and were higher on EBW. They were least at 2 years old and highest at 4 years old. There was significant difference between 2 and 4 years old and between 3 and 4 years old on EBW. All body components weight increased with age at fattening, except lungs, heart and spleen. Mean weights of blood, head, liver, stomach and intestines were significantly (P< 0.05) higher at 4 years than at 2 years old, but not significantly (P> 0.05) different between 3 and 4 years old. Hides, fore legs and hind legs weights were significantly (P< 0.05) heavier at 3 and 4 years old than at 2 years old. Lungs weight increased up to 3 years and then declined. All body components weight as percentage of EBW increased with age, except lungs, spleen, kidneys and heart and was not significantly different among age groups. Contribution/ Originality
This study is one of very few studies which have investigated the effect of age at fattening on carcass characteristics of Camelus dromedarius. It contributes in the existing literature. The papers primary contribution is finding that slaughter weight, EBW and hot carcass weight increased with age at fattening in Camelus dromedarius. Agricultural Sciences » Animal Review » Month: 06-2014 Issue: 2
Effect of Common Acids and Anions on the Extraction of Iron (Ii) from Aqueous Solutions into Chloroform Solution Of 4,4´-(1e,1e´)-1,1´-(Ethane-1,2-Diylbis(Azan-1-Yl-1ylidene))Bis(5-Methyl-2-Phenyl-2,3-Dihydro-1h-Pyrazol-3-Ol)
Research Article
Author(s):
Journal: International Journal of Chemical and Process Engineering Research
The effect of common acids, anions, and auxiliary complexing agents in the solvent extraction of Fe2+ from aqueous solutions into chloroform solutions of 4,4´-(1E,1E´)-1,1´-(ethane-1,2-diylbis(azan-1-yl-1ylidene))bis(5-methyl-2-phenyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-pyrazol-3-ol) (H2BuEtP) alone and in the presence of of 1-(3-hydroxy-5-methyl-2-phenyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-pyrazol-4-yl) butan-1-one (HBuP) was studied. Colorimetric method of analysis using 1,10-phenanthroline was used to determine concentrations of Fe2+ in aqueous solutions after extraction and percentage extraction determined by difference. Separation factors βXY were calculated using data from previous studies using same organic phases to determine theoretical conditions for separating Fe2+ from Ni2+, Pb2+, and UO22+. All acids gave > 90% extraction of Fe2+ at most concentrations with HNO3 and H3PO4 giving the highest percentage extraction of 99.93% at 0.01M and 0.1M respectively in the mixed ligands H2BuEtP/HBuP organic system. H3PO4 also gave best extraction of 99.3% at 0.1M in ligand H2BuEtP alone system. Although all anions used for study also gave > 90% extraction of Fe2+ at different concentration in both types of organic phases, CHCOO-, PO43-, Br- and tartrate ions gave the best extraction of Fe2+ with H2BuEtP. Acids and anions behave as salting out agents or masking agents at different concentrations. Calculated separation factors βXY indicated that it was theoretically possible to separate Fe2+ from Ni2+ with H3PO4 only and Fe2+ from Pb2+ with H3PO4, HCl, and EDTA with H2BuEtP alone. With mixed ligands H2BuEtP/HBuP, calculated separation factors βXY showed that it was possible to separate Fe2+ from Ni2+ with HNO3 and H3PO4, Fe2+ from Pb2+ with HCl and oxalate, and Fe2+from U(VI) with CHCOOH, PO43-, Br- and oxalate. The number of batches of extraction n needed to achieve 99.9% separations are also calculated and shown. Contribution/ Originality
This study contributes in the existing literature for the extraction of Fe(II) from aqueous media and offer theoretical prove of acids, anions and auxiliary complexing agents, their concentrations and the batches of extractions n required for the separation of Fe(II) from Ni(II), Pb(II) and U(VI) based on separation factors βXY. Engineering » International Journal of Chemical and Process Engineering Research » Month: 06-2014 Issue: 6
Study on the Factors Influencing Residential Location Choice of the Garments Workers of Mirpur, Dhaka City
Research Article
Author(s):
Journal: International Journal of Chemical and Process Engineering Research
Bangladesh is a developing country with huge population and huge scarcity of resources. Its economy is largely dependent on ready-mate-garment industry. So garments industries as well as garments workers are very much important for our economy. Dhaka being the capital city, a large number of garment factories is situated here. But the majority of garment workers earn less than the living wage, which is the minimum requirement to provide a family with food, shelter and education. They can hardly find a suitable residence for them and are compelled to live in congested, unhygienic and sub-human condition. The development of a country is not possible by only developing the middle and upper class people depriving the lower class who occupy a major part of the economy. So, it’s the need of the day to solve the problems of the housing condition of the garments workers. Therefore, this study emphasizes on the factors influencing residential location choice of the garment workers of Dhaka city. The target group is the residents of Mirpur 1. House rent, availability of utility facilities, monthly household income, distance from workplace, social security, dependence on family decision, size of dwelling unit, communal living, availability of community facilities - these have been pointed out as important factors in residential location choice of the garment workers by questionnaire survey. The study also investigated the priority among the pointed factors so that it could help the policy makers and developers to take any types of housing development project for the workers. If we can ensure a better residence and better facilities for them, their potentiality will increase and in the long run we can reap greater benefit from them. Contribution/ Originality
The paper contributes the first logical analysis of the factors influencing the residential location choice of garment workers of Dhaka City and the relative priority of those factors. The paper’s primary contribution is finding that the workers cannot afford standard housing on their own with their minimum wage. Engineering » International Journal of Chemical and Process Engineering Research » Month: 06-2014 Issue: 6
Mirpur Benarasi Palli of Bangladesh: Living and Livelihood of Weavers
Research Article
Author(s):
Journal: International Journal of Chemical and Process Engineering Research
Bangladesh has a rich and ancient tradition of fabric-based cottage industry. Benarasi Palli and its famous Benarasi Saree is one of the most ancient traditions of Bangladesh. This industry has been bringing name and fame for our country for a very long time. This tradition has mainly come from Benaras in India. The weavers of Mirpur Benarasi Palli migrated from Benaras, India. There are also some Bangladeshi weavers and most of the traders are Bangladeshi. Benarasi is mainly associated for bridal costume. Presently this industry does not get proper attention but it has a great demand in local and international market. Our neighboring country export Benarasi products and we have the potential to export it too. Though the business of Benarasi Saree is very profitable, life-style of the weavers does not represent it. Besides, a clear discrimination in living condition of traders and weavers are visible there. There also lies discrimination in distribution of profit between traders and weavers. So it is very important to know about the present condition of Benarasi Palli and condition of the weavers who work hard to make the beautiful Benerasi Sarees. Contribution/ Originality
This study is one of very few studies, which have investigated the living and livelihood condition of the weavers of Mirpur Benarasi Palli. The paper’s primary contribution is finding that there lies a discrimination between the weavers and the traders and the weavers are deprived from what they actually deserve. Engineering » International Journal of Chemical and Process Engineering Research » Month: 06-2014 Issue: 6
Effect of Supplementation with Olive Oil on Some Properties of Bio-Yoghurt
The effect of fortification with olive oil on yoghurt quality was investigated. Control yoghurt was made using classic yoghurt culture and whole milk. Other four yoghurt treatments were made by ABT-5 culture and whole milk fortified with 0, 1, 2, and 4% virgin olive oil. The sixth treatment was prepared using ABT culture and skim milk with 4% virgin olive oil. Changes in rheological, chemical, microbial and organoleptic properties of yoghurt were monitored during refrigerated storage (4°C) of yoghurt for 15 d. Samples of yoghurt with added olive oil to whole milk showed a slight decrease in titratable acidity during the 180 min of fermentation. Adding of olive oil had no clear effect on coagulation time and curd tension whereas decreased the syneresis of yoghurt. Acidity, TS, fat and TVFA contents of yoghurt supplemented with olive oil were higher than those of control whereas the contents of TN and WSN were similar in both. Yoghurt samples fortified with olive oil had less numbers of TVBC. The addition of olive oil improved the viability of lactic acid bacteria and bifidobacteria. The bifidobacteria counts were sufficient to yield numbers of beneficial organisms that were higher than the accepted threshold (106 cfu.g-1) for a probiotic effect. Also, olive oil adding improved the body, texture and flavor of the yoghurt. Contribution/ Originality
This study originates new formula for production of bio-yoghurt. Fortification of yoghurt made using ABT culture with olive oil increased the nutritional and health value. Biological Sciences » The Asia Journal of Applied Microbiology » Month: 12-2014 Issue: 4
Web Pages Categorization Based on Classification & Outlier Analysis through FSVM
The performance of Support Vector Machine is higher than traditional algorithms. The training process of SVM is sensitive to the outliers in the training set. Here in this Paper, a new approach called, Web Pages Categorization based on Classification and Outlier Analysis (WPC-COA), is proposed that uses a polynomial Kernel function to map web page tuples to high dimensional feature space. Contribution/ Originality
This study uses a new methodology which helps in mapping web page tuples with various attributes such as frequency, time spent on each page, in-degree, out-degree and level of a web page to high dimensional feature space. The paper’s primary contribution is to categorize web pages based on classification and outlier analysis using Polynomial Kernel function. Computer Sciences » Review of Computer Engineering Research » Month: 03-2014 Issue: 1
The Influence of Probiotics and Antibiotic Growth Promoter on Growth Performance and Hemato-Biochemical Parameters in Broilers
Research Article
Author(s):
Journal: Current Research in Agricultural Sciences
10 days old “Cobb 500” broiler chicks were used to investigate the influence of probiotics and growth promoter supplementation on growth performance and different hemato-biochemical parameters of broilers. They were randomly divided into three equal groups (n=10). Group A was considered as control, fed only with commercial ration and group B and group C were supplemented with probiotics and growth promoter respectively for the period of 21 days. Body weights were measured at 7 days interval and selective organ weights, total erythrocyte count(TEC), hemoglobin (Hb) concentration, packed cell volume (PCV), AST and ALT values were measured at the end of experiment. Results revealed that body weight was increased significantly (p <0.05) in treated groups and the highest body weight was recorded in group B. Significant (p>0.05) differences were found among groups of A, B, and C in the weight of breast meat, liver, Leg meat and spleen. All weights were increased significantly (p>0.05) both in probiotics and antibiotic growth promoter treated groups as compared to that of control group. TEC and Hb concentration were increased significantly (p<0.05) in birds of group B compared to those of birds in control and treated group C. Highest PCV was also recorded in group B but all the values were more or less similar and statistically insignificant (p>0.05). Biochemical parameters like AST were increased significantly (p<0.05) in treated groups of group B and C. Whereas ALT values decreased significantly (p<0.05) in treated groups in similar pattern in comparison to control group. Based on the results it could be concluded that probiotics supplementation shows better significant effect on growth performance and certain hemato-biochemical parameters in broiler chickens. Contribution/ Originality
The study strengthens the existing literatures and documents that probiotics are better alternative feed supplementation in broiler industry. Agricultural Sciences » Current Research in Agricultural Sciences » Month: 12-2014 Issue: 4
Physico-Chemical Properties of Honey Produced In Masha, Gesha, and Sheko Districts in Southwestern Ethiopia
Research Article
Author(s):
Journal: Current Research in Agricultural Sciences
The qualities of 36 selected honey samples from three locations of Southwest Ethiopia (Masha, Gesha and Sheko districts) were evaluated for six physico-chemical attributes namely total acidity, hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF), reducing sugars, sucrose, moisture and mineral content. The samples of honey were analyzed following the techniques proposed by the Quality and Standards Authority of Ethiopia (QSAE), European Union (EU) and Codex standards for honey. The results obtained showed that the overall analysis of honey total acidity, HMF, reducing sugars, sucrose, moisture and mineral content were found to be 28.32 ± 14.14 meq/kg, 19.52 ± 9.41mg/kg, 66.79 ± 6.96 %, 4.46 ± 2.59 %, 22.86 ± 1.03 % and 0.22 ± 0.16 %, respectively. Almost all quality parameters of honey found to meet national and international honey specifications but not moisture for all samples and sucrose in the case of Gesha district. Therefore, further research is suggested to optimize the moisture content of honey in humid and sub-humid areas of the region. Contribution/ Originality
The study contributes in the existing literature to fill the gap of the current state of knowledge in physico-chemical properties of honey produced in humid and sub-humid areas of southwest Ethiopia. Agricultural Sciences » Current Research in Agricultural Sciences » Month: 12-2014 Issue: 4
Characteristics of Bread and Biscuit Made With Wheat and Rice Flour Composites
Technological quality changes of wheat flour were studied in relation to its partial replacement (5, 10, 15, 20, 25 or 30%) by white rice flour (RF). In dependence on level added, RF lowered water absorption up to about 10%. Dough stability was multiplied reversely as well as its overmixing tolerance – softening degree of dough lessened from 60 Brabender units (BU) for wheat flour to 20 BU for wheat-rice flour blend 70:30. Baking quality of flour composites was worsened owing to changes in dough elasticity and extensibility (i.e. dough machinability), summarised by extensigraph energy (as an area under curve) decrease from 140 cm2 to 70 cm2 comparing the same samples. Gelatinisation temperatures and amylograph maxima reversely increased – optimal values were recorded for wheat:rice composite 80:20 yet (viscosity between 575 – 790 BU). Fermentation process was affected equivocally – gases volumes had increased up to about 11% because of glucosidase present in RF, but dough volumes lowered due to gluten net weakening. It resulted into lowering of control bread volume to a half for the bread containing 30% of RF (from 319 to 154 ml/100 g, respectively). Bread crumb chewiness was affected seriously; bread samples higher level of RF than 20% were less acceptable (fall of crumb penetration from 10.6 mm to 2.2 mm). Quality changes of biscuits containing RF were of smaller extent – the substitution of 5% caused specific volume increase about ca 15% (from 143 to 203 ml/100 g). Sizes of other fortified biscuits were gradually diminished to level of the wheat control ones. Contribution/ Originality
This study documents white rice flour effect on chemical composition and rheological behaviour of wheat flour. Within Europe, laboratory prepared wheat-rice bread and biscuits represent innovation in bakery products manufacturing. Study brings knowledge of 15% and 10% of rice flour in bread and biscuits recipe should be accepted by consumers. Agricultural Sciences » Journal of Food Technology Research » Month: 12-2014 Issue: 2
The Role of Bank Loans in Monetary Policy Transmission in Malaysia
This study examines whether the bank lending channel holds for Malaysia based on a simultaneous-equation model consisting of the demand for and supply of bank loans. The three-stage least squares method to employed to estimate regression parameters. There is evidence of the bank lending channel for Malaysia because bank loan supply reacts negatively to the interbank rate and because monetary easing to purchase government bonds leads to more bank deposits and bank loan supply. In addition, depreciation of the Malaysian ringgit or a higher world interest rate results in a decrease in bank loan supply. Contribution/ Originality
This paper’s primary contribution is to include the exchange rate and the foreign interest rate in bank loan supply, to employ a three-stage least squares method to estimate bank loan demand and supply separately, and to prove the effectiveness of monetary policy transmission. Economics » The Economics and Finance Letters » Month: 04-2014 Issue: 4
The Bounds of Time Lag and Chemotherapeutic Efficacy in the Control of HIV/AIDS
Research Article
Author(s):
Journal: International Journal of Mathematical Research
The current use of Highly Active Anti-Retroviral Therapy (HAART) strategy to control Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) and Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) is inefficient in eradicating HIV/AIDS due to inadequate understanding of the dynamics relating to interaction between the immune system components and HIV. As a result, a pool of potential transmitters is continuously created and thus HIV has remained a pandemic. In this paper, we formulate a mathematical model using differential equations to study the effects of time lag τ>0 due to cellular latency and pharmacological delays and chemotherapy on the control strategy of AIDS epidemic. Equilibrium points of the model are computed and used to determine the reproductive ratio〖 R〗_0. This important threshold parameter is then used to determine the critical bounds of time lag τ∈[τ_min,τ_min] and therapeutic window C_p∈[MEC,MTC] that is, the bounds; above Minimum Effect Concentration (MEC) and below Minimum Toxic Concentration (MTC), where drug plasma concentration C_p should lie for effective maintenance of low levels of viral load and reduction of drug toxicity. The mathematical model gives qualitative understanding of HIV prognostic information which is a means of rejuvenating the existing Antiretroviral drugs (ARV’s). Numerical simulations show that a stable and persistent endemic equilibrium state of low viral load is achieved when these thresholds τ∈[0,25] and C_p∈[0.79,0.91] are satisfied. This persistent equilibrium state will lead to eventual eradication of HIV/AIDS. Contribution/ Originality
This paper contributes the first logical analysis on the effect of intracellular delay of HIV viral infection on drug efficacy. The study originates new formula for finding the optimal therapeutic window [MEC,MTC]=[0.79,0.91] of HAART necessary to control the reproductive ratio R_0 of HIV to less than one and evade the risk of drug toxicity. Arts and Education » International Journal of Mathematical Research » Month: 12-2014 Issue: 6
Alternative Way of Statistical Data Analysis: L-Moments and Tl-Moments of Probability Distribution
Research Article
Author(s):
Journal: International Journal of Mathematical Research
This paper deals with an alternative method to characterize some probability distribution, i.e. L-moments and TL-moments. Moments and cumulants were commonly used for this purpose before. Moment method of parameter estimation is indeed very simple, but it is very inaccurate, especially if there are the moments of the third or higher order. These problems mainly occur in the case of small samples. Maximum likelihood method has been considered as the most accurate method of parameter estimation for a long time. Using the method of L-momednts gives more accurate results than using the maximum likelihood method in many cases when estimating parameters of probability distribution. The method of TL-moments brings still more accurate results than the method of L-moments. This paper deals with these three methods of parameter estimation and with the comparison of their accuracy. Three-parametric lognormal curves constitute basic probability distribution. They were used as the model distribution of income in the Czech Repubublic in 1992, 1996, 2002 and 2004−2007. Contribution/ Originality
This study contributes in the existing literature and it develops the theory of estimation of parameters of continuous probability distributions in the case of large economic data sets. This study originates some new formulas, proofs and derivations, which were not published at all. This study is one of very few studies which have investigated the use of the method of TL-moments on economic data. Arts and Education » International Journal of Mathematical Research » Month: 02-2015 Issue: 1
The Importance of Computers with Matlab Software in the Teaching and Learning of Geometry in Space
Research Article
Author(s):
Journal: International Journal of Mathematical Research
The aim of this study is to evaluate the efficiency of using computers with MATLAB software in the teaching-learning of Geometry in middle-school, by the students from the specialization of Mathematics, “Vasile Alecsandri” University of Bacau. During the pedagogical practice stage, the students in the 3rd year, although better trained in Mathematics than the students from other departments, face various problems related to their practical skills in using the computer in teaching, as well as to their lack of teaching experience.The research was conducted at the National Pedagogical College “Ştefan cel Mare” from Bacau and consisted in assisting and observing 28 lessons of Mathematics and 28 lessons of Information and Communication Technologies, involving a group of 200 students from grades 1-4, 180 middle-school students and 40 teachers of various specializations. The applied tests and questionnaires have shown the efficacy of using the computer in building active thought and competences in the graphical representation of geometrical figures and shapes, as well as in solving problems of plane collinearity. In relation to these problems, we are looking for a solution to comprise the best teaching-learning strategies using the calculus technique. With nearly 5000 functions, the MATLAB software menu provides techniques for acquiring knowledge in an electronic format, calculus techniques, explanatory mathematical texts, graphs, sounds and diagrams, e-learning solutions, including online testing and evaluation, as well as web-based learning tools designed for Mathematics (www.maplesoft.com). Contribution/ Originality
This study contributes in the existing literature mathematics teaching. This study uses new estimation the statistical methodology. This study originates new formula for solving the problems. This study is one of very few studies which have investigated the importance MATLAB. The paper contributes the first logical analysis to optimize teaching activity.
The paper’s primary contribution is finding that modern methods. This study contains original modern documents.
A steady boundary-layer flow of water based nanofluids over a moving permeable surface were analyzed. The plate was assumed to move in the same or opposite direction to the free stream. The model describing the flow regime characterizes the Sakiadis and Blasius flow scenarios. The PDEs in the governing equations were transformed into ODEs with the help of similarity transformations. The transformed equations were solved numerically by the shooting method with Runge-Kutta integration scheme. Effects of the governing parameters were thoroughly studied and explicitly explained graphically and in tabular form. Numerical results of the velocity field, temperature distribution, skin friction and Nusselt number were obtained. The results were compared with previous works and they are found in excellent agreement. Contribution/ Originality
For further applications, new improvements of the models of Motsumi and Makinde [15] were made by including uniform magnetic field and Ohmic effects. Accordingly, the paper briefly explains effects of the various governing parameters on velocity and temperature profiles, skin friction and wall heat transfer rate for both Blasius and Sakiadis flow situations. Arts and Education » International Journal of Mathematical Research » Month: 02-2015 Issue: 1
Upgraded Harmony Search Algorithm for Solving Optimal Reactive Power Dispatch Problem
Research Article
Author(s):
Journal: International Journal of Mathematical Research
In this paper, a new-fangled Improved harmony search algorithm (IHS) is projected to solve optimal reactive power dispatch problem. Harmony search (HS) is a derivative-free tangible parameter optimization algorithm. It draws encouragement from the musical improvisation process of searching for a perfect state of harmony. The projected opposition-based HS of the present work employs opposition-based learning for harmony memory initialization and also for generation jumping. The perception of opposite number is employed in IHS to improve the convergence rate of the HS algorithm. The proposed IHS has been tested on standard IEEE 57 bus test systems and simulation results show clearly the better performance of the proposed algorithm in reducing the real power loss. Contribution/ Originality
This study uses new estimation methodology-Opposition based Harmony search algorithm to solve the Reactive power dispatch problem. The main aim is to reduce the Real Power loss and also to maintain the voltage profiles within the specified limits. Arts and Education » International Journal of Mathematical Research » Month: 02-2015 Issue: 1
Synthesis and Characterization of Polystyrene Coated Functionalized γ -Fe2O3 Nanoparticles
Research Article
Author(s):
Journal: International Journal of Chemistry and Materials Research
γ-Fe2O3 nanoparticles showing supermagnetic behaviour have been widely studied in recent years for various applications. Polymer coated functionalized γ-Fe2O3 nanoparticles have wide applications which attracted many researchers to study their different nature when they are supported with polymers. Functionalized γ-Fe2O3 nanoparticles has many applications in medical field such as MRI contrast, drug delivery, hyperthermia, magnetic gels, in cancer treatment and also used in memory devices, supermagnetic materials etc. In the present study we synthesized the polystyrene coated functionalized γ-Fe2O3 nanoparticles (PSCFNPs) in the weight ratio through grafting onto method. These nanoparticles were characterized and studied its magnetic property employing B-H loop tracer, molecular structure through FT-IR spectroscopy, thermal study employing TGA, DSC and morphology through Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) & transmission electron microscopy (TEM) techniques. Through the mentioned characterization techniques we obtained the formation of fine polystyrene coated functionalized γ-Fe2O3 nanoparticles. The medical applications of the nanoparticles with tailored surfaces by biocompatible polymers are envisioned. Contribution/ Originality
The present studies contribute for the investigation of cancerous cells, MRI and drug delivery system in the field of medical science and also for the low cost methodology for cancer treatments. Chemistry & Materials Sciences » International Journal of Chemistry and Materials Research » Month: 11-2014 Issue: 11
Abstract