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The purpose of the study was to investigate the causes of railway infrastructure failures in the case of Transnet Freight Rail’s Steel and Cement business unit and suggest methods to increase the reliability of the business unit’s railway infrastructure and recommend policies to increase the reliability of the railway infrastructure., A reliable railway infrastructure will grow the market share of the business unit, reduce operating costs, grow the economy of South Africa, create employment, and increase the revenue of the business unit. A quantitative approach was used to conduct the research and questionnaires were distributed to a population of 1048 employees that work for the business unit with the participants chosen based on their railway infrastructure experience and railway exposure. The study revealed that extreme weather conditions, ageing railway infrastructure, vegetation, lack of maintenance, other Transnet departments, poor railway infrastructure maintenance, theft and vandalism, are the major causes of railway infrastructure failures in the business unit. The research made a number of recommendations including that the business unit develop a lifecycle management program for its ageing infrastructure and introduce skills transfer programs in place. Railway maintenance was suggested as being a key performance measure. Contribution/ Originality
The paper's primary contribution determined that management needs to improve on asset protection and security measures and controls, as neglected these can lead to substantial financial forfeiture and loss of life. The study identified the inadequacy of current security measures and makes a number of suggestions to alleviate loss. Economics » International Journal of Sustainable Development & World Policy » Month: 03-2018 Issue: 1
Pulsing Preservatives to Prolong Vase Life of Cut Rose Flowers in Bahir Dar, Northwestern Ethiopia
Research Article
Author(s):
Journal: International Journal of Sustainable Agricultural Research
The longevity of cut flowers including cut roses can be however prolonged using different pulsing preservatives where researches in this regard are lacking in the country. Keeping these bottlenecks of the sector in mind, this study was therefore initiated with objective to evaluate the effectiveness of different pulsing preservatives in prolonging vase life of cut rose varieties. The experiment was conducted at Tana Flora PLC in Bahir Dar, Ethiopia. As pulsing preservatives Al2(SO4)3)(250 mg-1), Ca(ClO)2 (66.7 mg-1), STS [Ag (S2O3)2] (0.5 ml-1), Sugar (20 g-1) and distilled water were used. The three rose varieties namely: Upper class, Athena and Moon walk were used. Healthy flower buds having uniform length and harvested early in the morning were put immediately in containers filled with the respective concentration of pulsing preservatives. Flasks with six rose flowers each were placed in pre-cooling room (8-10 OC) for about 2 hours. Finally, treated cuttings were transferred into experimental room with temperature of 22-250C and 75% relative humidity and arranged in Complete Randomized Design (CRD) with three replications. At this time, pulsing preservatives were replaced by distilled water. The analysis of variance revealed that most of parameters were highly significantly influenced by the main as well as interaction effects of pulsing preservative and varieties (P<0.0). Maximum water uptake (7.73 g/flower/day), transpiration loss (7.08 g/flower/day), flower fresh weight (21.77 g/flowers), flower head diameter (7.6 cm), and maximum flower vase life (23 days) were recorded in Athena variety pulsed with STS. Contribution/ Originality
This study is one of very few studies which have investigated to improve the shelf life and quality of rose flowers particularly in our country. Therefore, the present finding will contribute to flower growers through identifying appropriate pulsing preservatives for rose cut flower. Agricultural Sciences » International Journal of Sustainable Agricultural Research » Month: 12-2018 Issue: 4
Teachers of Secondary Education and Professional Stress with Students Performance: A Geographical Case Study
This paper presents a small-scale empirical qualitative research on school performance, which is a professional stressor for teachers of Western Attica’s (Greece), serving in schools of senior Secondary Education, as well as on effective ways of limiting this phenomenon. The sampling, the sample, the tool, and the credibility criteria of this particular survey are determined. The outcomes and the relevant conclusions, resulting from the processing and analysis of primary data, are presented along with a proposal for further research. According to these conclusions, the teachers’ stress is increased in the 3rd and last grade of senior secondary education, because of the national admission examinations to tertiary education that their pupils participate in. The stress-levels are exacerbated by parents and their expectations of their children’s success. For reducing professional stress, different strategies are applied by individual teachers, headmasters and Teachers’ Associations. Contribution/ Originality
This study contributes in the existing literature about teachers’ professional stress, by presenting the strategies for reducing the stress of teachers in senior secondary education of Greece, applied by headmasters and Teachers’ Associations, along with a few general policy proposals for dealing with this issue. Social Sciences » Humanities and Social Sciences Letters » Month: 09-2018 Issue: 3
Macroeconomic Indicators and Capital Formation Growth in Nigeria: A New Evidence
This paper estimates the impact of macroeconomic indicators on the growth of capital formation in Nigeria. Adopting the Autoregressive Distributed Lag Model (ARDL), the empirical findings showed that Foreign aid which is proxied by Overseas Development Assistance (ODA) and Domestic Private Investment (DPI) had positive impact on capital formation growth in Nigeria, while exchange rate, trade openness, and external debt had negative impact for the period under review. The study therefore recommends that aid, especially from the West should not be highly depended upon as a major source of revenue for the development of the economy. Other macroeconomic determinants of capital growth that government should encourage include; savings, investment and the quality of institutions. Contribution/ Originality
This study tests the impact of macroeconomic indicators on the growth of capital formation in Nigeria within the framework of the Autoregressive Distributed Lag Model (ARDL). Economics » Journal of Social Economics Research » Month: 06-2018 Issue: 2
Foreign Capital Inflows and Unemployment in Nigeria: A New Evidence from ARDL-Bounds Testing Approach
Research Article
Author(s):
Journal: International Journal of Business, Economics and Management
Using a novel approach, this study disaggregates and estimates the impact of foreign capital inflows on unemployment in Nigeria by adopting the Auto-Regressive Distributed Lag- Unrestricted Error Correction Methodology (ARDL-UECM). The ARDL-bounds test co-integration results show evidence of co-integration between disaggregated Foreign Capital Inflow variables (such as Foreign Direct Investment, Foreign Portfolio Investment and Remittances) and unemployment rate in Nigeria within the period from 1977Q1 – 2013Q4. The empirical results also show that foreign direct investment, foreign private investment and trade openness have negative impact on unemployment rate. On the other hand and interestingly, remittances and real exchange rate show a positive impact. The study therefore recommends the routing of remittances through the banking channels which would help in allocating remittances and other financial flows to productive uses. Again, government should enact investor-friendly policies and build conducive business environment in order to attract more Foreign Capital Inflows which will support job creation for the teeming population and thereby reduce biting unemployment.
Contribution/ Originality
This study contributes to the existing literature by adopting the Auto-Regressive Distributed Lag- Unrestricted Error Correction Methodology (ARDL-UECM) in estimating the impact of disaggregated foreign capital inflows on unemployment in Nigeria. Economics » International Journal of Business, Economics and Management » Month: 06-2018 Issue: 6
Analyzing the Relationship between International Accreditation and the Quality of High-End Business Talents in China
Research Article
Author(s):
Journal: International Journal of Education and Practice
In recent years, with the deepening of internationalization of higher education and the increasing intensification of international academic exchanges and cooperation, a large number of business schools in China participated in the process of international accreditation and evaluation in order to improve their quality of training and competitive power. Obtaining internationally acknowledged accreditations such as AACSB, EQUIS, AMBA raises their status among internationally outstanding business schools and a testimony of the quality of their business school. The existing research literature mainly focuses on the evaluation and policy review of international accreditation. Little or no research has been conducted empirically on the effectiveness of international accreditation. This study focuses on students as main stakeholders of education and their acceptance of the credibility of such international accreditations and their perception of education quality attached. This study is the result of an empirical research conducted through a survey questionnaire. A major finding of this research is evident in students’ offering a high degree of recognition to international accreditation Moreover, the “4+2” education mode led by international accreditation has a good impact on the improvement of the quality of training in business schools. The findings of the study would provide decision makers of business school effective data support and relevant policy advice. Contribution/ Originality
This study is one of very few studies that have investigated empirically the subject of International Accreditation and The Quality of High-End Business Schools. It focuses on students’ perception and their acceptance of international accreditation as a benchmark of education quality. Arts and Education » International Journal of Education and Practice » Month: 04-2018 Issue: 4
A Survey on Efficient Power Management Using Smart Socket and IoT
Energy Saving is visualized to be one of the key components driving vitality uses in electronic gadgets. In spite of the fact that there are various methods and standards used to moderate vitality, there is no prescribed answer for any of the issues overseeing wastage of electrical vitality. These wastages might be because of obliviousness, indiscretion and a few different variables. Instead of utilizing a sensor organizes, keen attachment is utilized as a part of the request to decrease the vitality devoured while watching those associated gadgets. These attachments are equipped for estimating the present going through them and transmit with each other by means of the Zigbee organize inside the home portal and exchange the information bundles in like manner. These vitality utilization subtle elements are the associated with the server through a web association. Here, the attachments are arranged such that it covers the whole ecological space and are assigned with urgencies in light of client's way of life, time of the task, day of activity and the aggregate vitality that is accessible. Consequently, there is better checking of energy devoured without squandering critical vitality in observing. Contribution/ Originality
This study contributes in the existing literature on efficient power management using smart socket and IoT. It refers to the use of intelligently connected device and systems to gather large amount of data. It is envisioned as an era in which objects can automatically and intelligently serve people in a collaborative manner. Computer Sciences » Review of Computer Engineering Research » Month: 06-2018 Issue: 2
Social Protection and Agricultural Production in ECOWAS: The Youth Unemployment Question
In an economy youths play a very pivotal role as they constitute the greatest share of human resource which is essential in the economic development of a country. However, this potential in built in youth if not efficiently harnessed through gainful employment, portends a danger to the society. Youth unemployment can be likened to time dynamite if effective policies are not put in place to create employment for the youth especially in ECOWAS where graduate unemployment has been on the increase. On the other hand, the agricultural sector remains the most veritable tool for generating youth employment, poverty reduction and the attainment of food security. At any rate, the capacity of the agricultural sector to generate employment depends greatly on how the sector is been protected, which creates incentive to operate as business just as recently enshrined in agricultural transformation agenda; however, agricultural output can be enhanced by social protection programmes. Thus, this study examines the extent of social protection policies that are related to agricultural sector and how it influences the level of youth employment in ECOWAS using panel cointegration econometric analysis finds that in the long run, agriculture has the potential for ameliorating youth unemployment in ECOWAS. Contribution/ Originality
This paper reviews organic food consumption from a sustainability perspective with a view to suggesting future research directions. It gives an overview of historical evolution of organic food consumption as a sustainability movement and provides a critical review of a large body of previous research, which examines organic food consumption from various perspectives. The paper highlights some research gaps and suggests essential future research directions in the field of study: (1) a discourse analysis of the notion of organic food; (2) a systematic industry review of the multiple organic food certification systems; (3) a comparative study to examine consumers’ confusion between scientifically proven health benefits of organic food and perceived value of organic food; (4) an examination of socio cultural aspects of organic food consumption; (5) an assessment of how the benefits of developing organic food markets transfer to developing countries and; (6) a development of a detailed profile of global consumers in the organic food market. Contribution/ Originality
This study contributes to the existing literature on organic food consumption by providing six future research directions. It provides a critical review of literature on organic food consumption from a sustainability perspective. The study highlights key issues and inconsistencies in the existing research findings pertaining to the research phenomenon. Business & Management » International Journal of Management and Sustainability » Month: 04-2018 Issue: 4
Comparison of Recover Heart Rate Status among 4th Year Male Sport Science Summer Program Students, Wollega University, Ethiopia
This study aimed to experiment, measure and evaluate the level of recovery heart rate among male sport science students of the summer program and to compare their mean with the standard status of the recover heart rate rating scale. From a total population of 80, the sample consisted of 40 male sports science students. The samples were selected by using a random sampling technique. The subjects were divided into two equal sections on a random basis (section A, and section B) consisting of 20 subjects in each group. Harvard step test was used to measure the recovery heart rate of the students' wich is an index of cardiovascular fitness. To compare the mean differences among the students independent t test was applied with the help of SPSS (version, 20) Software. The level of significance was set at 0.05. The findings of the current study show that the mean value of recovery heart rate for section A was calculated 104.2 with S.D. 3.4 and section B was recorded 106.8 with S.D. 2.24 respectively. The t-value on recovery heart rate is 2.924 which are greater than the required table value (2.021) with 38 df. So there is a statically significant difference in the recovery heart rate variable between section A and section B sport science students. There were statistically significant mean differences in recovery heart rate among the section A and section B male students, also the recovery heart rate level of the subjects was below the standard level of recovery heart rate rating scale. Contribution/ Originality
This study contributes in the existing literature as the first investigation to comparatively examine the level of recovery heart rate among the students and to compare their mean with standard status of recover heart rate rating scale set by YMCA. The paper´s contribution is increasing the participation of subjects in regular physical exercise which is important for preventing themselves from different chronic disease. Physical Sciences » Journal of Sports Research » Month: 03-2018 Issue: 1
Association between Physical Activity, General Health and Burden of Dementia Caregivers
Most caregivers do not engage in physical activity programs despite evidence that physical exercise improves general health and relieves symptoms of depression, anxiety and stress. The aim of the study is a) to investigate the amount of physical activity of caregivers in everyday life, b) to examine the reasons of limited participation in physical activities and c) to find out if limited participation in physical activity affects their general health. Fifty three (n=53) caregivers (59.04±12.76 yrs) were recruited by a Dementia Day Care Center. A caregiver questionnaire was designed to obtain information on basic demographics, living habits and current care details (hours of care, etc). The Greek version of PASE questionnaire was used to measure the amount of physical activity undertaken by caregivers. Caregiver burden was assessed via the Greek version of the validated Zarit burden interview and general health was investigated via the Greek version of General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-28). All data were analyzed by using SPSS, version 22. The majority of caregivers are daughters or wives. The current sample had a PASE mean score of 168.0±87.46. Differences in PASE score were found between occupational status (F=6.210, p=0.001) and living arrangements (F=3.882, p=0.05). No differences were found in PASE score between different levels of burden (F=1.058, p=0.376). PASE score was not related to GHQ28 scores. High correlations were found between ZBI and GHQ28 total (r=0.71, p=0.001) and ZBI and GHQ28 four subscales (somatic: r=0.62, p=0.001, anxiety-insomnia: r=0.66, p=0.001, social dysfunction: r=0.54, p=0.002, severe depression: r=0.44, p=0.003). ZBI was also correlated with years of care (r=0.38, p=0.004) and hours of care/day (r=0.40, p=0.003). The most frequent barriers to physical activity cited by caregivers were their living arrangements and their occupational status. In addition, burden was not cited as a significant barrier. Contribution/ Originality
This study is one of very few studies which have investigated the amount of physical exercise of dementia caregivers and connects it with other important aspects of caregiving, as general health and their burden. Additionally, this paper explores the possible reasons that caregivers do not engage in physical exercise. Physical Sciences » Journal of Sports Research » Month: 03-2018 Issue: 1
Financial Market Predictions with Factorization Machines: Trading the Opening Hour Based on Overnight Social Media Data
This paper develops a statistical arbitrage strategy based on overnight social media data and applies it to high-frequency data of the S&P 500 constituents from January 2014 to December 2015. The established trading framework predicts future financial markets using Factorization Machines, which represent a state-of-the-art algorithm coping with high-dimensional data in very sparse settings. Essentially, we implement and analyze the effectiveness of support vector machines (SVM), second-order Factorization Machines (SFM), third-order Factorization Machines (TFM), and adaptive-order Factorization Machines (AFM). In the back-testing study, we prove the efficiency of Factorization Machines in general and show that increasing complexity of Factorization Machines provokes higher profitability – annualized returns after transaction costs vary between 5.96 percent for SVM and 13.52 percent for AFM, compared to 5.63 percent for a naive buy-and-hold strategy of the S&P 500 index. The corresponding Sharpe ratios range between 1.00 for SVM and 2.15 for AFM. Varying profitability during the opening minutes can be explained by the effects of market efficiency and trading turmoils. Additionally, the AFM approach achieves the highest accuracy rate and generates statistically and economically remarkable returns after transaction costs without loading on any systematic risk exposure. Contribution/ Originality
This study contributes in the existing literature by predicting financial markets based on overnight social media data. For this purpose, we observe tweets about the S&P 500 companies during the time span in which stock markets are closed and forecast the future price changes based on the collected information. Economics » The Economics and Finance Letters » Month: 06-2018 Issue: 2
Study of Factors Linked to the Variation in Rentability in the Farming of Broiler Chickens in Northeast Algeria
Obtaining good zootechnical performance in broiler chicken farming requires continuous and regular zootechnical and sanitary monitoring throughout the breeding period to increase its rentability. Our work carried out at the level of private broiler chicken farming in Eastern Algeria with the objective of comparing zootechnical performance during the breeding period with that obtained under the optimal conditions of strain ISA 15. Whose controlled and compared parameters show: a very high mortality rate- a very low weight evolution- a higher consumption index. Contribution/ Originality
Peste des petits ruminants (PPR) is an acute to sub-acute highly contagious and frequently fatal viral disease of goats and sheep and wild small ruminants caused by a virus in the genus morbilivirus, family paramyxoviridae. The flock of sheep including 800 fattening sheep were affected and the presence of PPR virus was assayed with RT-PCR test. The only significant change in the CBC was leucopenia. There were typical lesions on dental pad, hard palate, gingiva and tongue. The Morbidity and case fatality rates were estimated 50 and 60 percent, respectively. All deaths were happen in lambs and young sheep. Results of the histopathologcal findings indicated that the lesions were mainly located on the respiratory system, upper digestive system, kidney and lymphoid organs. Infiltration of mononuclear and inflammatory cells in lamina propria were seen in mouth, soft palate, intestines, lung, and tonsil. Secondary infection as result of immunosuppression activity of the PPR virus was happened and resulted in high mortality and case fatality. The present paper reports an outbreak of PPR in a sheep flock in Karaj, Alborz province in Iran, including pathological, and clinical observation and also serological detection. Contribution/ Originality
This study documents that PPR virus is severely immunosupressor and secondary infection is inevitable in outbreak. In clinical examination most suggestive symptom is the buccal cavity lesions and in necropsy, lung is the organ with most severe lesions. All the outbreaks with high morbidity and mortality, occur in unvaccinated flocks. Agricultural Sciences » International Journal of Veterinary Sciences Research » Month: 06-2018 Issue: 1
Electronic Banking Innovations and Selected Banks Performance in Nigeria
In the past few years, Nigerian banks have embraced the global trend of digitalization in banking operations. Thus, after the consolidation and recapitalization exercises, many banks have strengthened and streamlined their facilities, tailored their services as well as automated their operations. In the heat of competition, banks are now adding to the stock of e-banking in order to maintain a competitive edge over their competitors. However, despite the rapid development in electronic banking innovations, it is not clear whether e-banking innovations have impacted positively and significantly on banks’ performance in Nigeria. The main objective of this paper therefore is to estimate the impact of e-banking innovations (ATM transactions, mobile banking transactions, and point of sales transactions) on the performance of six selected banks in Nigeria. The study adopts a SURE model in the quantitative analysis of six selected old and new generation banks. The results indicate that automated teller machine transactions, point of sale transactions, mobile banking transactions are major e-banking innovations that contribute to old and new banks’ performance in Nigeria. The study therefore concludes that the selected banks and other banks should intensify efforts to increase their asset base and continue to invest in e-banking innovations in order keep preforming well and also remain profitable. The study also calls for efficient management and utilization of funds to train and educate bank workers and general public regularly on how to deploy and use e-banking channels and other related technological innovations respectively. Contribution/ Originality
This study is among the first in Nigeria to estimate the impact of e-banking innovations (ATM transactions, mobile banking transactions, and point of sales transactions) on the performance of six selected banks in Nigeria since after the consolidation and recapitalization exercise. Unlike other similar studies, the study adopts a SURE model in the quantitative analysis of six selected old and new generation banks. Economics » The Economics and Finance Letters » Month: 06-2018 Issue: 2
The Effect of Internal and External Factors of Companies on Profitability and its Implications on Stock Price Index of State-Owned Banks
This study aims to determine the effect of internal factors of the company (CAR, NPL, NIM, BOPO and CASA) and external factors of the company (inflation, economic growth and BI reference interest rates), both partially and jointly on the performance of State-Owned Banks measured with a Return on Assets ratio (ROA) and its implications on the Stock Price Index. The object of research is State-Owned Banks in the period of 2012 - 2017. The sampling technique is saturated sampling, that is, all members of the population are used as samples. The analysis technique used is Panel Data Regression. The results of this study indicate that CAR, NPL, NIM, BOPO, CASA, Inflation, Economic Growth and BI reference interest rate together have a significant effect on ROA. NIM, CASA and BI Reference Interest Rate partially had a positive and significant effect on ROA. BOPO, Inflation and Economic Growth partially have negative and significant effect on ROA. While CAR has a negative effect and NPL has a positive effect, but not significant on ROA. ROA has a negative and significant effect on Stock Price Index of State-Owned Banks. Contribution/ Originality
This study contributes to the existing literature, useful for science in banking about the relationship between the company's internal and external factors on bank profitability and its implications for the Stock Price Index. In addition, adding literature in the financial sector is used as a guideline for subsequent research that will examine banking. Economics » The Economics and Finance Letters » Month: 06-2018 Issue: 2
The Study of the Landscape Restoration and Reuse of Foreign Company Facilities in Tamsui, Taiwan
Research Article
Author(s):
Journal: International Journal of Natural Sciences Research
This paper discusses both the surviving and now-disappeared foreign company facilities in Tamsui. The discussion topics include historical analysis of foreign firms and suggestions for preservation and reconstruction. The methodology of this study combines historical research of architecture with discussion of the cultural landscape, and proposes a discussion of lost landscapes and the preservation of the existing foreign company facilities in Tamsui. The Shell Company and the Douglas Lapraik & Co. warehouses in Tamsui are the witness and the cases of well-preserved with a scarcity value. These cases warrant preservation as a heritage site based on their historical value and for reasons of environmental sustainability. A representation of the foreign company storage and sites should be displayed in the Tamsui eco-museum for inclusion with the other historical heritage areas in Tamsui. Contribution/ Originality
This study is one of very few studies which have investigated the surviving and now-disappeared foreign company facilities in Tamsui. The methodology combines historical research of architecture with discussion of the cultural landscape. Engineering » International Journal of Natural Sciences Research » Month: 01-2018 Issue: 1
The Poverty of Lecture as an Instructional Strategy in the Teaching of Science at the Secondary School Level
The issue of concern in this discourse is the poverty of lecture method of teaching in the teaching and learning of science subjects in the secondary school. Often times, science teachers cast aspersions on the prevalence of lecture in science classrooms given the popular belief that science, by its nature, dictates that activity-oriented methods should be used rather than a rather passive method like lecture method. It has however been argued in this paper that when lecture is enriched, it serves a vital role in delivering science lessons profitably. Based on this position, it was recommended that lectures should be suffused with other methods, science teachers are advised to use visual aids as they teach and emphasis should be placed on hand-on-activities and experiences so as to maximally realize the benefits of lecture as an instructional process so as to improve field practice. Contribution/ Originality
The study contributes to the on-going debate on the limitations of lecture in science teaching and learning. Its uniqueness and primary contribution is the appeal to suffuse lecture with activity-based methods to improve students’ engagement, academic achievement, morale, and career prospects of learners, hence the advocacy for enriched lecture. Social Sciences » Humanities and Social Sciences Letters » Month: 12-2018 Issue: 4
A Comparison of Impacts of Climate Change on Urban Poverty and Rural Poverty in the North-West China
Research Article
Author(s):
Journal: International Journal of Management and Sustainability
This paper explores the contrast between urban poverty and rural poverty under climate change in north-west China based on association theory. In order to effectively evaluate the different impacts of climate change on rural and urban poverty, this paper establishes a dynamic GMM regression model of climate change, uses the north-west region panel data to clarify the relationship of ecological environment, carbon emissions and poverty alleviation in north-west China. The empirical test results show there exists an inverted U-shaped curve relationship between carbon emissions and the rural poor income, but there is no significant correlation between carbon emissions and that of the urban poor. There is an obvious intertemporal transmission of poverty, and that of rural poverty is more obvious than urban poverty. Economic growth is still the most important power source of poverty reduction in urban and rural areas in north-west China, however, the number of years of education had no obvious influences on the income of urban and rural poor population. Contribution/ Originality
This study is one of very few studies which have investigated the contrast between urban poverty and rural poverty under climate change in north-west China through empirical analysis, and analyzes whether the region has obtained a broader poverty alleviation through the consumption of natural resources. Business & Management » International Journal of Management and Sustainability » Month: 01-2019 Issue: 1
The Factor Testing of Indicators of Physical and Functional Preparation of Basketball Players
The problem of physiological study of non-traditional means of coaching attracts a lot of scientists’ attention in recent years. This is due to the need to provide a maximum development of certain muscle groups and direction of the coaching process. Proper use of simulators weight machines bring positive results (Valeria et al., 2018). Obviously, an important step in the use of technology is the right choice for team sports coaches and personal trainers for the effectiveness of the coaching process. One effective component of this process is the inclusion to a coaching program with the help of physical exercises would be TRX® function loops. Among specialists of functional and physical coaching innovation as TRX® – coaching is one of the best equipment for complex solution of the tasks. This exercise is an exercise using body weight. It was designed to develop strength, power, core stability, flexibility and balance. TRX® is the valuable creation for the sports industry of any levels. TRX® Coaching –Suspension Coaching became commonly usable for Fitness Health Clubs, Professional Sports and Elite Strength Conditioning Workout for Sports Teams (Dao and Le, 2018). Therefore, it was suggested the use of TRX® exercises in preparation of basketball players. The results of the study clearly show that the inclusion in the 18-25 years old basketball player coaching program with the TRX® functional loop contributes to a significant increase in overall fitness levels and ability to foster gas of life. Using TRX® during coaching can be considered to be an important factor in increasing the effectiveness of basketball preparation Contribution/ Originality
Abstract