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Climate change in the planet is currently creating many environmental,
economic and social problems which are probably going to multiply in the
near future. Reduction of greenhouse gases emitted from fossil fuels
could result in the mitigation of greenhouse effect and the climate
change. Agricultural greenhouses consume large amounts of energy mainly
derived from fossil fuels, for the cultivation of various crops.
Reduction of their carbon footprint is of primary importance to day. In
order to investigate the possibilities of reducing their carbon
footprint, the energy consumption during their operation has been
estimated and the sustainable energy technologies which could be used
for substitution of fossil fuels used have been analyzed. It has been
found that a modern greenhouse located in Mediterranean region with a
covered area of 1,000 m2 and a total annual energy consumption of 200
KWh/m2 emits 76,900 kg CO2 per year. Total elimination of their CO2
emissions could be achieved with the investment of 44,000 € in renewable
energy technologies, including solid biomass for heating and solar-PV
for power generation and resulting in lower energy cost during their
operation. The payback time of the abovementioned investments has been
estimated at 4.84 years. Contribution/ Originality
The study contributes in the existing literature regarding the
improvement of the sustainability in agricultural greenhouses. It
indicates the possibility of using various renewable energy sources
instead of fossil fuels for covering their energy requirements resulting
in zeroing their CO2 emissions due to energy use in them. Agricultural Sciences » International Journal of Sustainable Agricultural Research » Month: 03-2017 Issue: 1
Multi-Environment Variety Testing (Pre-Met) for Irrigated Ecosystem in Rice (Oryza Sativa L.)
Research Article
Author(s):
Md. Maksudul Haque, M Anisuzzaman, M.M. Emam Ahmed, Partha S Biswas, Md. Ansar Ali
Journal: International Journal of Sustainable Agricultural Research
A set of 100 IRRI bred advanced breeding lines were tested at Gazipur
(as moderate productive control site) and at Habiganj (as high
productive site) following row-column design with 2 replications. The
breeding lines were highly variable in days to maturity and plant height
but not in grain yield. However the interaction effects between
genotype and environment (GXE) were significant for all three traits. At
Gazipur, the breeding lines yielded with range between 3.3 to 7.3 t/ha
with a growth duration range of 138-154 days, while at Habiganj they
yielded 5.1-7.9 t/ha with growth duration of 139-159 days. The highest
yielding genotype was IR99092-B-B-78 followed by IR13A390,
IR99061-B-B-7, IR14D111, etc at Gazipur, while IR13A390 followed by
IR100008-91-B yielded the highest at Habiganj site. Based on yield and
growth duration, 22 breeding lines showing better performance at
Gazipur, 9 lines at Habiganj and 2 lines for both locations were
selected for further evaluation. Contribution/ Originality
Rice is the major staple food for more than half of the world’s
population. The study therefore the breeding lines were highly variable
in days to maturity and plant height but not in grain yield. However the
interaction effects between genotype and environment (GXE) were
significant for all three traits. Agricultural Sciences » International Journal of Sustainable Agricultural Research » Month: 03-2017 Issue: 1
A Theoretical Analysis Upon the Environmental Health and Justice Issue: A Case Study for a Comparison Between G20s Unitary and Federal Members
Research Article
Author(s):
Soner AKIN, Zehra Gul, Ugur Yildirim
Journal: International Journal of Sustainable Development & World Policy
Environmental health and its ties with carbon emission policies have
gradually become a hot topic in environmental agenda of nations. In this
study, we discuss the issue as environmental health and justice issue
in different types of governmental approaches in public management. In
this respect, the comparative position of federal and unitary
governments were paid attention and the status about sustainable
development prospects were analyzed together through looking at the CO2
emission rates and the workers who are under the effect of those
policies, benefiting from disability adjusted life years (DALY)
statistics. Contribution/ Originality
This study contributes in the existing literature on the relation
between disability adjusted life years and environmental justice
policies. Economics » International Journal of Sustainable Development & World Policy » Month: 06-2016 Issue: 2
Academic Mobility for Engineering and Technology Graduates in Africa: Lessons and Experiences from the Implementation
Research Article
Author(s):
Banadda, N., Dintwa, E., Oteyo, I. N., Nampala, P., Vandepitte, L., Adipala, E.
Journal: International Journal of Sustainable Development & World Policy
This paper was inspired by lessons and experiences arising from the
implementation of an on-going academic mobility project supported by the
Intra-ACP European Commission Program. Twelve universities (11 in
Africa and the University of Gent in Belgium, Europe) in a consortium
brokered by the Regional Universities Forum for Capacity Building in
Africa (RUFORUM) conceived and successfully put a proposal in response
to the 2013 Intra-ACP Academic Mobility Call. The project “Mobility for
Engineering and Technology Graduates in Africa (METEGA)” is on-going and
entails academic mobility of 72 beneficiaries (44 at Masters level, 20
at Doctoral level, and 8 at the staff and faculty level) in sixteen
countries of the five sub-regions in Africa. Africa is lagging behind in
terms of numbers of graduate students in engineering fields. The METEGA
project is one of the 15 partnerships on academic mobility supported by
the EU Intra-ACP Academic Mobility Scheme; and constitutes significant a
contribution towards increasing the number of graduate students in
Africa. The project has provided opportunity to leverage resources among
participating universities. The participating universities offered
three and nine quality Doctoral and Masters training programs. This
project represents a significant effort towards internationalization of
higher education in the sciences and has served as an opportunity for
graduates and faculty to gain skills, relevant experience as well as
learn from the implementation process. This paper presents lessons and
experiences of the METEGA project, including institutional and
operational issues that can be used to inform future academic mobility
arrangements in Africa and elsewhere in the world. Contribution/ Originality
This paper documents a successful case of academic mobility in Africa in
higher education and research which is based on a collaborative
engagement among universities. Higher Education Institutions can learn
from this example and leverage resources for quality postgraduate
training and research. Economics » International Journal of Sustainable Development & World Policy » Month: 09-2016 Issue: 3
A Review of Cross Border Higher Education in Africa: Focus on Graduate Level Training in Engineering and Technology
Research Article
Author(s):
Banadda, N., Oteyo, I. N., Nampala, P., Dintwa, E., Adipala, E.
Journal: International Journal of Sustainable Development & World Policy
Cross border education has become part of the options for higher
education in countries with inadequate education opportunities. This is
based on the fact that education is one of the pillar for economic
development and improved living standards. Thus, many nationals from
different African countries are taking higher education seriously and
are seeking every available opportunity to pursue it. Consequently, this
translates to an ever increasing demand for higher education in the
continent. Cross border higher education has potential to meet this
growing demand and provide more opportunities that can be leveraged to
meet the engineering threshold for Africa and provide home grown
technological solutions. This paper was motivated by the Mobility for
Engineering and Technology Graduates (METEGA) in Africa and similar
projects that have seen students move to other countries in the
continent for graduate training. The paper presents a review of cross
border higher education with a focus on graduate level training in
engineering and technology. Contribution/ Originality
This paper presents useful synthesis on trends in cross border higher
education focusing Engineering and Technology. Africa needs more
engineers and this paper presents a case for a concerted efforts for
stakeholders to address cross border hurdles linked to training quality
engineers for Africa. Economics » International Journal of Sustainable Development & World Policy » Month: 12-2016 Issue: 4
Occurrence and Anti-Fungal Sensitivity Testing of Candida Species Isolated from Canine Conjunctivitis
Fungal infection in dogs and other domestic pets caused by Candida
species have been previously reported. Several available antifungal
drugs for treatment of yeast associated infections have been used with
diverse effects. This study establishes antifungal susceptibility
profile on identified Candida species isolates associated with canine
conjunctivitis using disks diffusion method as described by NCCLS
(M44-A). The antifungal disks used include Amphotericin-B (20mcg),
Nystatin (100units), Itraconazole (10mcg), Ketaconazole (10mcg),
Fluconazole (25mcg). The identified Candida species were C. albicans, C.
krusei, C. tropicalis and C. parapsilosis. Percentage susceptibility
was high in both Amphotericin B (77.27%) and Nystatin (58.18%), while
Itraconazole showed (54.54%), Ketoconazole (55.45%) and Fluconazole was
least (11.82%). The sensitivity ranking showed Amphothericin B >
Nystatin > Itraconazole > Ketoconazole > Fluconazole and
increased resistance amongst the Azoles especially Fluconazole (70.90%)
in comparison with Polyenes. C. albicans showed the highest resistance
(84.51%) to both Fluconazole and ketoconazole (67.61%). C. parapsilosis
showed 63.64% and 61.54% percentage resistance to Nystatin and
Itraconazole respectively. In conclusion, this finding showed that
Amphotericin B and Nystatin were most effective against isolated Candida
species. Proper diagnosis of the underlying ailment is necessary in
conjunction with routine anti-fungal susceptibility testing to avoid
drug abuse and resistance. Contribution/ Originality
This study contributes to the existing literature of canine Candida
species epidemiology and control using conventional cultural,
characterization and antifungal sensitivity test methodology. This first
preliminary study conducted in Abuja-FCT, Nigeria revealed
effectiveness of Amphotericin B and Nystatin on Candida species isolates
associated with canine conjunctivitis. Agricultural Sciences » International Journal of Veterinary Sciences Research » Month: 06-2016 Issue: 2
Biochemical and Electron Microscopic Changes Induced by Giardia in Experimentally Infected Lambs
The present study was conducted to evaluate the effect of Giardia on the
biochemical serum constituents of experimentally infected lambs, in
addition to studying the observed alterations accompanying Giardia
infection in the intestinal mucosa using scanning electron microscopy.
Twenty lambs were allotted into two equal groups, Group A ( non
infected) was kept as control negative and Group B (infected) was orally
inoculated by 104 Giardia cysts. The biochemical changes were assessed
in both groups on 7th. 14th, 21th and 30th days post inoculation (dpi).
The study disclosed that Giardia induced a significant drop in the
levels of serum electrolytes (chloride,sodium, potassium and calcium),
blood glucose, different enzymes (lipase, amylase and alkaline
phosphatase). Furthermore, the levels of urea, liver enzymes (alanine
aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase), inflammatory marker
(C-reactive protein) and oxidative stress marker (malondialdehyde) were
elevated, but nitric oxide was declined by 30th dpi. The scanning
electron microscopy of the intestinal mucosa of the infected lambs
revealed a notable alteration which was fully explained. All the
presented results interpret the pathophysiological effect of Giardia
which adversely affects the health status of lambs. Contribution/ Originality
Aphids and aphidophagous insects were monitored in a pecan orchard by
enumerating the insects collected on leaf samples and suction trap
samples. Season long monitoring of the pecan foliage revealed that the
aphid abundance prior to the late season outbreak on the leaves
increased to higher population levels than could not be explained by the
reproductive potential of the aphids. Concomitant season long sampling
of the air in the canopy indicated that fecund alate aphids were
continuously abundant in the air both before and between the outbreaks
on the leaves. The results have important implications for improving
scouting methods to predict aphid outbreaks and facilitate insecticide
applications for aphid control. Contribution/ Originality
This study is the first attempt to sample the pecan tree canopy with a
suction trap and describe the seasonal long activity of three aphid
species and associated beneficial insects in the pecan tree canopy from
series of samples. Agricultural Sciences » International Research Journal of Insect Sciences » Month: 03-2016 Issue: 1
Seroprevalence of Herpes Simplex Virus Type 2 (HSV-2) Infection Among HIV Patients Accessing Healthcare at Federal Medical Centre, Keffi, Nigeria
Herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) infections is a sexually transmitted
infection worldwide, which has a public health implications especially
as a driving force behind the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)
epidemic. It is known to cause genital ulcer as well as lesions. It is a
lifelong recurrent disease with no cure. Due to the lack of documented
HSV-2 studies among HIV patients in this study area with an estimated
HIV prevalence of 38.7%, there was a need for estimating the
seroprevalence of HSV-2 infection in the study population. The sera of
223 consenting HIV positive patients were screened for HSV-2 specific
IgG using an ELISA test kit (Cortez Diagnostic, Inc, USA). The
chi-square test was performed to identify possible risk factors
associated with the viral seropositivity. The overall seroprevalence of
the viral infection was 77.6%. Females recorded a prevalence of 84.5%
and males 51.0% (p > 0.05). Participants aged ≤ 20 and ≥ 61 years
recorded a prevalence of 100%, while the lowest prevalence (66.7%) was
observed in those aged 51-60 years (p > 0.05). There was a
statistically significant association between the seroprevalence of
HSV-2 in HIV patients in relation to locality. Patients from the rural
setting had a higher prevalence (85.2%) of the infection than those from
the urban setting (72.6%) (p ≤ 0.05). However, in this study, marital
status, occupation, level of education, antiretroviral therapy (ART)
status and CD4 counts, had no statistically significant association with
HSV-2 infection (p > 0.05). Awareness campaigns that will promote
behavioral change might be the most important strategy to mitigate
transmission as most of the infected persons usually show no clinical
symptoms. The role of vaccination and condom use among high risk groups
may help in combating the transmission. Contribution/ Originality
This study has contributed in documenting the prevalence of the
infection in Keffi using the ELISA test kit and has used the Chi square
statistical test. This study is one of the very few studies which have
investigated the prevalence of HSV-2 infection in North central,
Nigeria. The paper has contributed in logical analysis and in estimating
the prevalence and risk factors of the infection in Keffi. The study
documented a very high overall prevalence of the infection. It is
associated with gender, age and locality and not associated with marital
status, occupation, level of education, ART and CD4 counts. Medical Sciences » Journal of Diagnostics » Month: 12-2016 Issue: 2
Tumors of the Gnathic System with Multiple Histogenetic Characteristics
Research Article
Author(s):
Friedman, Kurt, Luis Tamara, Ines Velez
Background: There is a great confusion in the scientific literature
regarding tumors composed of tissues with different histogenetic and
molecular characteristics. Diagnosis of a neoplasm composed of more than
one tumoral tissue can be extremely challenging, so is the treatment.
Methods: This is an attempt, illustrated with several examples of these
types of tumors from the gnathic system, to gain a better understanding
of this issue. Conclusions: As the best of our knowledge, this is the
first report of a collision tumor between a sarcomatoid carcinoma and so
called keratocystic odontogenic tumor. It is critical to understand
these types of tumors, for correct diagnosis, staging and treatment. Contribution/ Originality
This paper contributes to the understanding of complex tumors that are
usually difficult to diagnose and treat. A tumor with more than one
histogenetic characteristic constitutes a challenge for the medical
profession. Medical Sciences » Journal of Diseases » Month: 02-2016 Issue: 2
Risk-Based Disease Management in the Fight Against to Bovine Tuberculosis; Area Prioritization
In this study, regional distribution of bovine tuberculosis disease in
Turkey over a period of 10 years was investigated using Office
International des Epizooties data. The number of outbreaks of the
geographical regions put together in Microsoft Excel programme.
Descriptive statistics and Correlation analysis was used in the study.
Six disease-specific evaluation criteria were determined to explain the
disease factors. In Turkey, the number of outbreaks (r=0.693;
p=0.000<0.01) was found to be significant. But the relationship of
the number of outbreaks of the disease with the number of animals per
km2 (animal density) was found to be (-.016) insignificant (P>0.05).
The rusults of present study to demostrate that epidemiologic data
analysis was first implemented to disease management programme. Thus if
the risk area determined, cost of controlling of the disease programme
will be reduced and effective contol programme must be implemented to
the high risk area. This study recomended that the disease outbreaks
management will be planned firstly high risk areas with a risk based
disease managemnet plan. This approch will be decreased the disease
outbreaks and the public cost of the disease will be reduced in near
future. Contribution/ Originality
This paper’s is one of very few studies which have investigated to
disease management by prioritizing disease areas in developing country.
The paper contributes that relationship between the number of outbreaks
of the disease at the provincial level and the animal density was found
to be insignificant. Medical Sciences » Journal of Diseases » Month: 02-2016 Issue: 2
Development of Periodontitis after Antihelicobacter Therapy in Patients with Ulcer Disease
Helicobacter pylori infection is associated with the most common
diseases of the stomach and duodenum such as peptic ulcer, gastric
cancer, and chronic gastritis. Stomach and duodenum are well-conditioned
organs for bacteria. Oral cavity is considered a secondary reservoir of
H. pylori. The infection responds well to complex antibacterial
treatment, but the risk of recurrence and side effects of this treatment
is sufficiently high. This article discusses the H.pylori-related
pathology of oral cavity and paradentium, and the side effects and
tolerability of eradication therapy. The pathways for optimization of
the treatment for H. pylori infection with the use of drugs contributing
to the restoration of microflora of the gastrointestinal tract and oral
cavity are offered. Contribution/ Originality
All authors contributed equally to this work. This study was one of few
studies, which have investigated affecting antimicrobial and
anti-ulcerative drugs to the development of periodontitis. Authors
declare that there is found relations between pathogenesis of
periodontitis and treatment of peptic ulcer disease. Medical Sciences » Journal of Diseases » Month: 01-2017 Issue: 1
Multifactorial Analysis of the Parameters for Immunity in Preterm Infants
Research Article
Author(s):
N.L. Aryayev, I.M. Shevchenko, H.M. El Mezewghi, N.V. Shevchenko
The multifactorial analysis of the immunity for the preterm infants,
born at 34-36 weeks gestation, has been performed. Three factors of the
external load, which were 55.71% of the power load, have been determined
with the method of principal components. As a result of the analysis,
we can come to the conclusion about the feasibility of the advanced
study, the parameters of the immune system for the preterm infants, are
as follows: The complement fractions, The circulating immune complexes,
T-lymphocytes, T-helper cells, B-lymphocytes, the immunoregulatory
index, and IgE. Contribution/ Originality
This study is one of very few studies which have investigated parameter
of immunity for preterm infants, study of the relationship of balance
disorders and immune mechanisms in preterm infants will identify new
approaches to the diagnosis of the pathology for neonatal period Medical Sciences » Journal of Diseases » Month: 01-2017 Issue: 1
The article examines the possibility for applying a decoupling analysis
to Bulgaria’s agriculture by analysing the relationships between its
driving force and environmental pressures. The analysis methodology is
adjusted for the purposes of the study. The empirical study covers the
period from 1990 to 2012, during which the Republic of Bulgaria, as a
party to the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC), had to
implement certain measures to reduce its greenhouse gas emissions. The
results of the analysis show that during that period absolute decoupling
prevailed in Bulgaria’s agricultural sector. Contribution/ Originality
The paper's primary contribution in the existing literature is that it
adapts the decoupling analysis methodology to the sector of agriculture
in Bulgaria. Economics » Journal of Empirical Studies » Month: 06-2016 Issue: 2
Mobile Food Consumption Monitoring Application
Research Article
Author(s):
Negin Hamzeheinejad, Hannyzzura Pal @ Affal
Obesity is becoming a serious health issue due to the growing number of
obese people in many countries. iFood, a mobile application to help
individuals manage daily calorie consumption is presented and ways of
optimizing the daily calorie needed is achieved by offering information
of each food and suggestions on food and physical activities that can be
carried out to balance the amount of calorie intake. The application is
developed based on the Rational Unified Process Model (RUP) system
development methodology which comprises of four stages including
inception, elaboration, construction and transition. We present the
design, implementation and evaluation of iFood for Android smartphones
and demonstrate its feasibility in monitoring daily calorie intake. The
application analyzes emphasizing on its accessibility and acceptance
test. The results show that participants are satisfied with the features
provided by the application. They agreed that the application helps
them to monitor their food intakes and hence to lose weight. Contribution/ Originality
This study investigates on obesity in Malaysia and it proposes mobile
food application which is useful for people to monitor their food
intakes. Furthermore, features of this application will be explained in
the paper. Agricultural Sciences » Journal of Food Technology Research » Month: 06-2016 Issue: 2
Design of Experiment - Optimization of HPLC Analysis of Vitamin A and E in Margarine and Vegetable Oil
Liquid chromatography is a useful method for selective analysis of
vitamin A and E. The native components can be easily tested due to their
UV-absorbance and beneficial separation characteristics. To test the
food sample, vitamin A and E have to be separated from the fatty part of
food. This step is performed by saponification, which is the critical
step of procedure due to the heat and light sensitivity of both
vitamins. The corresponding standards (MSZ-EN 12822-1, MSZ EN 12823-1)
recommend a wide range of saponification temperature and time, giving an
opportunity to optimize the recovery of the analyte. Experimental tests
were performed from vegetable oil and margarine sample to find the
temperature and time settings for the best recovery. Both factors were
examined with centered two-level factorial design. Data analysis showed
an increasing recovery of analytes towards the corner points of highest
possible temperature and shortest possible saponification time. Finally,
confirmatory tests were made. Contribution/ Originality
The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of dietary
fiber (DF)-rich by-products in Turkish traditional pudding kesme
muhallebi and ice cream made from it. For this purpose, corn pulp, black
carrot and apricot pomace were added in dessert samples. Dessert and
ice cream samples were analyzed for their sensory attributes and
textural properties. Black carrot pomace added samples had the lowest
sensory attributes, while corn pulp added samples had comparable results
with control samples. The obtained results in this study showed that
the sensory properties of the desserts weren’t affected adversely with
the addition of DF materials except for black carrot. Some of the food
industry wastes can be available processing aids in functional food
production. In addition, kesme muhallebi dessert was successfully
introduced into ice cream, with higher sensorial attributes. Contribution/ Originality
This study contributes in the existing literature of dietary fiber rich
by-products from food processing as a source of functional materials
that can be evaluated in dairy products. Agricultural Sciences » Journal of Food Technology Research » Month: 06-2016 Issue: 2
The Effects of Magnetic Field on Germination of Seeds and Growth of Seedlings of Stone Pine
Stone pine (Pinus Pinea L.) is a multi-purpose species for Mediterranean
forestry owing to both economic and socio-economic importance. Thus, in
this study the effects of magnetic field on the germination of seeds
and growth of seedlings of stone pine were investigated. For this
purpose, its seeds were treated by a magnetic field of 9.42 mT for a
different period of time – 0 min (control), 15 min, 30 min and 40 min in
a cylindrical shaped sample, made of a nonmagnetic thin transparent
plastic sheet. Germination experiments were conducted in the greenhouse
of Bart?n University. Considered the germination results as a whole,
while seeds exposed to a magnetic field for 30 and 45 minutes resulted
in higher germination energy (43%) and percentage (55%), respectively.
Both the lowest germination energy (6%) and germination percentage (32%)
were found out to be in the seeds without applying magnetic field.
Magnetic field increased shoot height, root collar diameter and also tap
root length of stone pine seedlings. In terms of shoot height, 85% of
1+0 seedlings was proper for afforestation activities based the
classification of TSI. Moreover, magnetic field treatments may be
considered as an alternative method to enhance germination Stone pine
seeds and to obtain better growth characteristics of their seedlings. Contribution/ Originality
This study is important in terms of determining the effects of magnetic
field on the germination of seeds and growth of seedlings of forest tree
species. Agricultural Sciences » Journal of Forests » Month: 06-2016 Issue: 1
Role of Library and Information Science Professionals in the Knowledge Society
The role of Library and Information Science (LIS) profession has been
changing due to the information overload and its availability in variant
forms. The 21st century has brought a lot of changes not only on the
library and information services but also on the roles and expectations
of the librarians and information professionals. The LIS professionals
have new challenges because of unprecedented explosion of information
and the application of information communication and mobile technologies
in generation, dissemination and access of information. To cope with
these problems, the modern library and information professionals need to
change from the custodian of documents to the content managers. This
paper examines (i) the importance of libraries and information centers;
(ii) the transformation of libraries; (iii) temperature of the
information world; (iv) the challenges faced by LIS professions (v) the
new roles and skills of LIS professionals in this paradigm shift. Contribution/ Originality
This study presents a process to research the elements that influence
the creation and proliferation of the hashtag #BlackLivesMatter, and
explores the ways Twitter members use this hashtag. This objective is
divided in four questions: What types of events influence the use of the
hashtag #BlackLivesMatter?, What type of user generated content appears
with this hashtag?, What other hashtags are used when #BlackLivesMatter
is present? And which emotions (rage, fear or enthusiasm) appear in
these messages? We present a theoretical framework that includes
characteristics of microblogging platforms as well as their impact on
social movements of the last decade. The methodology uses a quantitative
approach to analyze a sample of tweets that contain the hashtag
#BlackLivesMatter. The findings indicated that the events that most
influences the use of #BlackLivesMatter are the deaths of black people
by the hands of police officers, trials and manifestations. Rage is the
most common emotion, closely followed by enthusiasm. The user generated
content most shared is webpage links and the hashtags that appear most
frequently next to #BlackLivesMatter are #Ferguson (427) and #MikeBrown
(111). Future investigations should include a wider range of emotions
to be evaluated as well as cross platform analysis. Contribution/ Originality
This study contributes to the existing literature on online social
movements, hashtag production, emotional and user generated content. Social Sciences » Journal of New Media and Mass Communication » Month: 12-2016 Issue: 2
Abstract