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Enterprises can employ various strategic styles. These include specialization, vertical integration, diversification, and internationalization. At present, there is no general dynamic framework for strategic style which could be used by entrepreneurs during a period of diversification. Different strategic styles obtained from a review of the literature enable the researcher to formulate the optimum combination of styles necessary to building a complete dynamic framework for entrepreneurs. Based on the two directions of localization and internationalization, this study established a strategic rationalized and scientific framework. In addition, to improve the reliability and stability of the enterprise, the framework has been formulated to manage and ameliorate risk during the different stages. Based on an empirical investigation, the study evaluates the results achieved by enterprises that adopted the most appropriate strategic style. Thus, the researcher intends to provide correct strategic framework through which enterprises may diversify successfully. A qualitative method is used throughout. Contribution/ Originality
This study is one of few that investigate the dynamic framework for different strategic styles. By exploring the structure of various strategic frameworks, it becomes possible for entrepreneurs to select that which is most appropriate to their circumstances when entering upon a diversification phase. Business & Management » International Journal of Management and Sustainability » Month: 03-2019 Issue: 3
Effectiveness of Gamification of Web-Based Learning in Improving Academic Achievement and Creative Thinking among Primary School Students
Research Article
Author(s):
Seham Aljraiwi
Journal: International Journal of Education and Practice
Gamification is one of the most significant modern trends in educational technology. The present study aims to identify the effectiveness of gamification of web-based learning on academic achievement and creative thinking among primary school students. A learning environment was designed based on gamification of web-based learning. A quasi-experimental approach was utilized to identify the effect of the independent variable, gamification, on the dependent variables, academic achievement and creative thinking among participants. An academic achievement test and the Torrance test of creative thinking were applied to the participants. Results revealed that there was a statistically significant difference between the means of scores of the experimental and control groups in the post-test academic achievement test and the Torrance test of creative thinking in favor of the experimental group. This suggests a high level of academic achievement and creative thinking after using gamification. The study recommends training in-service teachers in the use of gamification for web-based teaching of English. Contribution/ Originality
This study contributes to the existing literature that deals with gamification and the possibility of employing it to improve student academic achievement. It also tackles its effectiveness in improving student creative thinking, a subject that very few studies have covered. Arts and Education » International Journal of Education and Practice » Month: 03-2019 Issue: 3
Conceptual Understanding, Procedural Knowledge and Problem-Solving Skills in Mathematics: High School Graduates Work Analysis and Standpoints
Research Article
Author(s):
Masooma Ali Al-Mutawah, Ruby Thomas, Abdulla Eid, Enaz Yousef Mahmoud, Moosa Jaafar Fateel
Journal: International Journal of Education and Practice
This study measures the mathematical abilities high school graduates’ in Bahrain. Mathematical abilities encompass conceptual understanding, procedural knowledge and problem-solving skills in the five content domains which are Number and Operations, Algebra, Geometry, Measurement, and Data Analysis and Probability. While procedural understanding focusses on performing facts and algorithms, conceptual understanding reflects a student's ability to reason and comprehend mathematical concepts, operations and relations which will be helpful in solving non-routine problems. A test consisting of questions from the five content domains was administered to students where they demonstrated conceptual understanding and procedural knowledge which enabled them to solve problems in various real-life situations. Structured interviews were also conducted to test their mathematical abilities and suggest ways to improve proficiency in mathematics and eliminate misconceptions. The results show that conceptual understanding and problem-solving skills are positively correlated. This research also endeavors to correlate students’ performance in this test with their high school GPA. Contribution/ Originality
This study explores the relationship between mathematical abilities: conceptual understanding, procedural knowledge and problem-solving skills in high school graduates in the five mathematics content domains: number and operations, algebra, geometry, measurement, and data analysis and probability. Arts and Education » International Journal of Education and Practice » Month: 03-2019 Issue: 3
Forecasting the Results of Students Attending School in Vietnam by Geographical Area
Research Article
Author(s):
Son Huynh Van, Hong Nguyen Thi Minh, Khuong Nguyen Vinh, Loc Sam Vinh, Vu Giang Thien
Journal: International Journal of Education and Practice
This study attempts to forecast the results of school students in Vietnam by geographical region analysis. Results show variations between regions. In the Red River Delta region, it is forecast that in the decade 2015 to 2025, the number of children attending to school will increase slightly. In the Midlands and Northern Mountains region, the average number of children attending school should increase gradually by 2.4 percent over five years. In the North Central and Central Coast regions, student numbers have increased and decreased erratically. In the Central Highlands, there has been an average rate increase of 3.45 percent over five years. In the Southeast region, student numbers at all levels are expected to increase by an average of 3.9 per cent over five years. In the Mekong Delta region, student numbers are expected to increase by one percent over five years but experience a 1.8 percent reduction by 2035. These data will be critical to planning for the education sector in the coming decades. Contribution/ Originality
This study contributes to the existing literature by use of a new estimation methodology for analyzing and comparing student numbers at each education level within an appropriate time-frame. Arts and Education » International Journal of Education and Practice » Month: 03-2019 Issue: 3
Investigating Effectiveness of Disability Friendly Education Training Modules in Indonesian Schools
Research Article
Author(s):
Abdul Salim, M. Furqon Hidayatullah, Permata Primadhita Nugraheni, Dian Atnantomi W
Journal: International Journal of Education and Practice
This study aimed to determine the effect of disability friendly education training on teachers’ understanding by applying disability-friendly education training modules. The research design adopted the pre-posttest method given to the same group before and after training on imparting disability friendly education. Classroom teachers in inclusive schools under the Ministry of Religion in Surakarta were the subjects of this research. The validity of the instrument was tested by using content validity on the feasibility or relevance of the contents of the test instrument through rational analysis by expert judgment. The results showed that the paired sample T-Test score was -17.736 with significant level at 0.000, which means <0.05. It suggests that there is a significant difference in the score of the average teacher's understanding of disability-friendly education before and after training, and the difference is statistically significant too. It can therefore be concluded that disability friendly educational training is effective to improve teachers' understanding in public schools. Contribution/ Originality
The primary contribution of this research is to find out whether training modules can prove effective in developing understanding among teachers of public school about persons with disabilities. This study is unique in proving that training intervention can make schools become disability-friendly schools for persons with disabilities. Arts and Education » International Journal of Education and Practice » Month: 03-2019 Issue: 3
Comparative Larvicidal Efficacy of Carica Papaya Leaves and Seed Extract on Mosquito Larval Population in Rice Fields in Bida Metropolis, Niger State
Research Article
Author(s):
Adamu, B.B, Ayisa T.T, Ideh, R.R, Oyedokun, N
Journal: Current Research in Agricultural Sciences
This study elucidates the susceptibility of leaf and seed extract of Carica papaya on mosquito population breeding in rice fields. The study was conducted in Bida, Niger State using two rice fields sampled for two weeks. Mosquito immature stages (Larvae) were used throughout for the experiment. The leaf and seed extract of Carica papaya were prepared on instars and evaluated Larva stages were evaluated in the laboratory. Mosquito instars larvae stages (L3-L4) were exposed to a concentration of 10mg/ml, 20mg/ml, 30mg/ml, 40mg/ml, and 50mg/ml of each prepared Larvicide, (Leave and seed extract of Carica papaya) within 24hours, the percentage mean survival of the Larvae were recorded. At a concentration of 10mg/ml, 100% of the Larvae died within 3 to 12hours of exposure to seed and leave extract of Carica papaya. The mosquito growth and development were inhibited. However, both the leave and seed of Carica papaya can be used to control mosquito breeding in anthropogenic habitats of which the seed of Carica papaya is the most effective, especially in rice fields. Contribution/ Originality
The study contributes to existing literature by the ways to control mosquito larvae infested farmlands using Carica papaya seeds extract. It employs sequential estimation formula which determines the concentration of extracts which mosquito larvae are susceptible. Agricultural Sciences » Current Research in Agricultural Sciences » Month: 06-2019 Issue: 2
Patterns, Correlates and Knowledge of Health Implications Associated with Alcohol Consumption: A Mix-Method Approach
Heavy consumers of alcohol are more likely to indulge in social vices due to cognitive impairment and students who engage in high alcohol intake are more likely to perform poorly in their academics. This study describes the patterns of alcohol consumption and investigated the correlates of and knowledge of health implications related with alcohol consumption in the studied locations. This study was a cross sectional research design and employed the mix-research methods. The quantitative data was generated through a survey with 400 respondents selected through a proportionate sampling design from Kwara State College of Education, University of Ilorin, and Federal Polytechnic, Offa. The qualitative evidence was captured through 10 in-depth interviews using a snowball sampling technique to recruit students who are heavy consumers of alcohol. The quantitative data was analysed using Stata version 14. The chi-square and multiple regression analysis results showed that amount of alcohol consumed and perception of were significantly associated with students’ knowledge of health implications associated with alcohol consumption (p<0.05). Results of the multiple regression showed that students’ knowledge on health implications associated with alcohol consumption contributed about 10% to amount of alcohol consumed and their perception of alcohol consumption. Results of the qualitative study revealed that students were of the view that moderate consumption of alcohol was needful with no negative health implications arising from it. The study concluded that students’ perception of the health implications related with consumption of alcohol influenced amount of alcohol and measures taken to reduce quantity of alcohol consumed. Contribution/ Originality
This study is one of very few studies which have explored mix-method research technique to validate the correlates of alcohol consumption; and it study provides guidance to proffering solution to the perception and knowledge of students on health risks associated with alcohol consumption amongst college students. Medical Sciences » International Journal of Medical and Health Sciences Research » Month: 03-2019 Issue: 1
Investigating Employment and Career Decision of Health Sciences Teachers in the Rural School Districts and Communities: A Social Cognitive Career Approach
Research Article
Author(s):
Dos Santos Luis Miguel
Journal: International Journal of Education and Practice
Teachers’ shortage in the field of K-12 teaching in general and health subjects teaching in particular is one of the most significant challenges in both developed and developing countries, particularly in rural school districts and communities. Leaders at rural school districts strive to establish connections and plans to recruit experienced health educators from different sources and satisfy the on-going manpower demands in rural areas. This study examined two premises: First, why health professionals and staff from urban regions decide to change their career to health science teaching in rural communities and school districts. Second, how to recruit and retain health professionals and staff to rural communities and school districts. The Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis model was employed to explore the beliefs of 11 health professionals in the rural school district. Stable employment, money sources, and understanding of teaching mission of health science education were three major areas of study. The findings of this study would serve as a blueprint for rural communities and school districts to attract potential health professionals and staff into the current education system. Contribution/ Originality
This study investigated the reasons why frontline health professionals decide to switch their career to health sciences teaching in rural communities based on Social Cognitive Career Theory. It contributes to the existing literature on teachers’ education programmes, rural school workforce, and second-career teachers in the field of health education. Arts and Education » International Journal of Education and Practice » Month: 03-2019 Issue: 3
In Vitro Antimicrobial Activities of Crude Extracts of Two Traditionally Used Ethiopian Medicinal Plants against Some Bacterial and Fungal Test Pathogens
Research Article
Author(s):
Selam Habtom, Sibhatu Gebrehiwot
Journal: The International Journal of Biotechnology
The aim of the present study was to assess the antimicrobial activities of crude extracts of Solanum incanum and Datura stramonium L. against four bacterial disease-causing species namely; Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus agalactiae, Salmonella typhi, Escherichia coli) and two fungal pathogenic species (Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus niger). Crude extracts of roots of S. incanum and leaves of D. stramonium L. were prepared using absolute ethanol, methanol (99.8%) and distilled water. The potential efficacy resulting extracts were assessed by determining zone of inhibitions on cultures of six selected pathogens by applying disc diffusion method. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the plant extracts against the same pathogens was determined using the broth dilution method. Chloroamphenicol and Tilt were used as positive controls for bacterial and fungal pathogens, respectively, while Dimethyl Sulfoxide was used as a negative control for both. The results showed that all the methanolic and ethanolic crude extracts, with the exception of the methanolic crude extract of D. stramonium, had the highest growth inhibitory effects as compared with the water crude extracts on all bacterial pathogens. The methanol crude extract of S. incanum had highest zone of inhibition (22±1.15 mm) against S. agalactiae with a minimum inhibitory concentration of 25mg/ml. Similarly, the methanol crude extract of S. incanum had shown significant antifungal activity against A. niger with inhibition zone of 25.13±0.4mm and a minimum inhibitory concentration of 125mg/ml. The results of the present study indicate the potential of these medicinal plants in treating some bacterial and fungal infection. Contribution/ Originality
This study contributes in the existing literature by providing information regarding the antimicrobial (selected bacterial and fungal pathogens) efficacy potential of Solanum incanum and Datura stramonium crude extract. Biological Sciences » The International Journal of Biotechnology » Month: 02-2019 Issue: 2
Analysis of Physico-Chemical Properties and Bacteriological Loads of Waste Water Effluent from Oxidation Pond at Woldia University, North Wollo, Ethiopia
Rivers are vital component of the biosphere that contains less than one percent of the world’s fresh water which is being polluted by indiscriminate disposal of domestic and industrial waste sewerage. The purpose of this study was to analysis the level of heavy metals and physico-chemical characteristics of wastewater effluent from oxidation pond. Samples were collected per month starting from may2018 up to July2018. Three sampling ponds were selected purposefully among constructed 13 different size oxidation ponds and one site in waste receiver river. Samples were collected by triplicate in each sample sites and totally 12 sample sites were fixed. Some parameters like pH, Temperature, Conductivity, and Turbidity) were measured in situ. ICP-OES used for analysis heavy metal. XLSTAT version 2014.5.03 was applied for analysis and interpreting the relationship of each water quality parameters using one way ANOVA and Pearson correlation. This study shows Conductivity, pH, were showed highly significance difference among oxidation ponds while temperature showed non-significance difference (a<0.05). Sodium and potassium were found dominantly in all oxidation ponds and showed highly significance difference among sampling sites. The mean concentrations of heavy metals in the various stages of waste water treatment pond is not more polluted based on the WHO and FAO guidelines for different purpose. In general this study revealed that the treated wastewater effluent from oxidation pond is not relevant for human and livestock drinking rather than useable for irrigation purpose. Contribution/ Originality
This study used to contributes in the existing literature to review environmental problem related with domestic, industrial and municipal waste management. This study shows limitation of wastewater treatment using oxidation pond. The primary contribution of this finding is to determine the quality of effluent wastewater to recommend better removal efficiency oxidation pond. Energy & Environmental Sciences » International Journal of Sustainable Energy and Environmental Research » Month: 06-2019 Issue: 2
Assessment of Drinking Water Quality in Different Water Sources and its Impact on Downstream Community Health around Woldia Town, Ethiopia
Water is one of the most vital natural resources known on the earth. The quality of drinking water is degrading by various sources of contaminants. The analysis of Bacteriological and physio-chemical quality from hand dug and open stream/rivers around Woldia town was conducted from March, 2018 to September, 2018. Sixty water samples were drown from a total of ten hand dug wells located around town and analysed for total coliforms, fecal coliforms and E.coli using multiple tube fermentation (MTF) method. Physico chemical parameter (Temperature and electrical conductivity by conductivity meter 4200 UK, Turbidity by turbidity meter 2100Q, ammonia, Sulfate and pH determined by photometer, E. coli 11 (18.3%) was detected from both sources of samples and 60 (100%) water samples were analysed had total coliform and also 48 (80%) drinking water samples were analyzed had fecal coliform. There was a statistically significant difference among water sources with respect to TC and TTC (p < 0.05) and there was a statistically significant positive and negatively correlation between coliform counts and physicochemical parameter (p < 0.01 and (p < 0.05). Most water sources didn’t satisfy the turbidity values recommended by World Health Organization. Average value of temperature, pH, electrical conductivity, turbidity, Sulphate and ammonia were 22.5±1.11oC, 98±0.38, 40.40±10.67?s/cm,7.3±6.15 NTU, 0.167±0.19mg/l, 3.64±0.84 mg/l, respectively. Water supplies at open hand dug and protected hand dug were contaminated with coliforms. The water sources were heavily contaminated which suggested poor protection and sanitation practice in the water sources are the causes for contamination.
Contribution/ Originality
This study contributes to the existing literature on the quality of drinking water in different sources. Energy & Environmental Sciences » International Journal of Geography and Geology » Month: 03-2019 Issue: 3
Factors Affecting Students Choice of Higher Education Institution: A Malaysian Perspective
Research Article
Author(s):
Krishna Moorthy, Sonia Johanthan, Chin Chee Hung, Khaw Chee Han, Ng Zi Zheng, Wong Yau Cheng, Woon Huai Yuan
Journal: World Journal of Vocational Education and Training
Malaysia is currently having an increased competition among higher education institutions. The ambition of this research is to identify the relationship between the marketing mix model (7P) and students’ choice of Private Higher Education Institutions (PHEIs) in Malaysia. Primary data have been obtained from students in selected higher education institutions in Malaysia. The target respondents have been selected by using quota sampling method under the non-probability sampling technique. Self-administered questionnaires were distributed to the target respondents from different PHEIs (UniKL, UTAR, TARUC and SEGi University) and 302 useful questionnaires were collected. All questions are measured using a 5-point Likert Scale. The result reveals that the marketing mix (product, place, price, promotion, people, process and physical evidence) has a significant influence on students’ choice of PHEI. This research provides a better insight to help PHEIs to understand and develop best services to increase the students’ enrolment. This research also demonstrates the importance of the marketing mix (7p) model in higher education institutions’ perspective. Contribution/ Originality
This study demonstrates the importance of the marketing mix (7p) in higher education institutions’ perspective while studying students’ choice of higher education institutions. Arts and Education » World Journal of Vocational Education and Training » Month: 06-2019 Issue: 2
Analysis of Effect of Profitability, Capital, Risk Financing, the Sharia Supervisory Board and Capabilities Zakat in Islamic Perspective with Circular Approach Causastion on Islamic Banks in Indonesia
Research Article
Author(s):
Raja Ria Yusnita, Yuzwar Z. Basri, Tatik Mariyanti, Zulhelmy ., Willy Arafah
This study aimed to analyze the effect of profitability, capital, financing risks, the ability of Sharia supervisory boards and zakat from an Islamic perspective in the circular causation approach, on Sharia banks in Indonesia. This study used a methodology to integrate the TSR of interaction, integration, and evolustion (IIE) to produce factors that affect the ability of zakat and the factors that affect the profitability of Indonesian Islamic banks. The study used the purposive sampling method with a sample of five Islamic banks from 2014 until 2017. This study uses Two Stage Least Square (2SLS) analysis to solve the problem with the Eviews program. The results demonstrated that the ability of zakat can be influenced by profitability, risk financing and capital while the Sharia supervisory board does not have a significant effect on the zakat capability. Profitability may be affected by the ability of zakat, risk financing and capital but not the Sharia supervisory board. The implications show that there is a simultaneous relationship between the ability of zakat and profitability. We recommend that Islamic banks that adhere to Islamic principles should not be afraid to issue zakat as the tithe does not diminish but increases wealth. Contribution/ Originality
This study used Two Stage Least Square (2SLS) analysis to solve the problem with the Eviews program. This study created a new formula for the interaction, integration and evolution (IIE) process resulting from the Tawhidi String Relation (TSR) calculation. This study found no reciprocal relationship between zakat capability and profitability. This paper contributes to the first logical analysis that the traffic zakat Islamic banks can be influenced by profitability, the risks of financing and the Sharia supervisory board. Profitability may be affected by the ability of zakat, risk financing, and Sharia supervisory board. Capital has no effect on the ability of zakat and profitability. The results show that Islamic banks should adhere to Islamic principles and not be afraid to issue zakat as the tithe does not diminish but increases wealth. Economics » The Economics and Finance Letters » Month: 06-2019 Issue: 2
The Profile of Professional Standards for Secondary School Principals in Vietnam
Research Article
Author(s):
Thao Phuong Thi Trinh, Thuan Van Pham, Ha Thi Cao, Tien-Trung Nguyen, Thanh Thi Nghiem, Trung Tran
Journal: International Journal of Education and Practice
Gathering information on the performance of school principals and acting on the information about their effectiveness as leaders is an essential part of improving school performance. This paper reports part of the findings from an initiative conducted to sustain and improve management quality at secondary schools in Vietnam. An evaluation tool was developed based on Vietnam’s professional standards for school leaders and was used by school principals and teachers to provide more insight into their professional practices and training needs. 593 principals and 1647 teachers from 16 provinces across the eight regions of the country participated in the survey and 110 follow-up interviews were conducted. The results indicated that there were certain socio-cultural factors that conditioned the practices of Vietnamese school leaders, including demanding them to be politically, ethically and professionally fit, and to assume many peripheral roles. School principals in Vietnam generally met state standards in terms of qualifications and management expertise, and were perceived to have adequate competencies in handling school management, especially in promoting teachers’ teaching capacity and ensuring educational quality. However, Vietnamese school principals found it challenging to manage school resources and assets and to instruct teachers on leadership; areas that they have hitherto received little training in. Contribution/ Originality
This study provides insight into the professional practices and training needs of school principals in Vietnam. There were certain socio-cultural factors that influenced their practices. Generally, they met state standards in qualifications and management expertise. However, they found it challenging to manage school resources and assets. Arts and Education » International Journal of Education and Practice » Month: 04-2019 Issue: 4
Effect of the Use of Video Compact Disc Instructional Package (VCDIP) on the Academic Performance of Junior Secondary School Business Studies Students in Imo State, Nigeria
Research Article
Author(s):
Ezemoyih, Chuks Marcel, Tina Nweze, Theresa Nnenna Uwakwe
Journal: World Journal of Vocational Education and Training
The study was aimed to examine the effect of video compact disc instructional packages (VCDIP) on the academic performances of Junior Secondary School Business Studies students in Owerri, Nigeria. A quasi-experimental design was used. The subjects were randomly placed into two treatment group. Treatment “Group A (Jss2A) was made up of 40 (15 males and 25 females) students exposed to VCDIP, while “Group B (JSS2C) was also 40 (17 males and 23 females) taught through conventional teaching mode. Three research questions and three null hypotheses guided the study. A copy of a 50 item researcher made questions and a copy of 10 affective response questionnaire were validated and used. A reliability index of 0.81 and 0.80 were calculated for the first and second instruments for the study using Kuder Richardson (KR – 21) and Pearson “r” respectively. The data were analyzed using mean, t-test and ANOVA. The study revealed that the students exposed to VCDIP performed slightly better than the conventional group. This implies that VCDIP can be effectively used as both supplementary material to the teacher and as alternative mediated self-instructional package to the learner. Contribution/ Originality
This study contributed to existing literature by providing the importance of use of video compact disc instructional package on the academic performance of junior secondary school Business Studies in Imo State, Nigeria. The uniqueness of this study is based on the variables video compact disc, Instructional package, Academic Performance and Secondary Schools. Arts and Education » World Journal of Vocational Education and Training » Month: 06-2019 Issue: 2
The Effect of Corporate Social Responsibility Disclosure on Corporate Financial Performance
Research Article
Author(s):
Duong Thi Thu Thao, Mai Thi Le
Journal: International Journal of Business, Economics and Management
Corporate social responsibility (CSR) is gradually turning into a critical issue in business management. Over the decades, both theoretical and empirical literature were concentrated on studying the effect of CSR disclosure on corporate financial performance (CFP). However, the results have been ambiguous and inconsistent. The purpose of this paper is to examine the relationship between CSR disclosure and CFP in Vietnamese large listed firms on short-term and long-term profitability. We performed linear regressions on the sample data to investigate the effect of CSR disclosure on corporate financial performance. CSR disclosure is measured by using a disclosure index which consists of environmental, social, economic and legal aspects. For CFP, return on assets (ROA) and Tobin’s Q ratio were employed as measures of short-term and long-term profitability respectively. The results indicated in the short run, there is no significant relationship between CSR disclosure and corporate financial performance. However, in the long run, there was a positive significant relationship between CSR disclosure and corporate financial performance. The results are encouraging since it provides empirical evidence that Vietnamese firms can be both socially responsible and financially successful. It is expected to make Vietnamese firms become more aware of the significance of CSR practice. Contribution/ Originality
This study contributes to the existing literature by examining the effect of CSR disclosure on corporate financial performance (CFP). Economics » International Journal of Business, Economics and Management » Month: 06-2019 Issue: 5
Effect of Planting Date on Growth and Yield of Bambara Groundnut (Vigna subtermnea (L) Verdc.) Varieties in Rainforest Zone of Delta State
The effect of planting date on growth and yield of Bambara groundnut (Vigna subteranea (L) verdc) varieties was carried out in Asaba area of Delta State. It was aimed to determine the most appropriate planting date for the growth and yield of Bambara groundnut in the rainforest zone of Delta State. The design for this experiment was split-plot carried out in a Randomized Complete Block Design. Bambara varieties EXMF1, EXMF4, IITA165, and ENZK2 were used with planting date May – September. The main plot was assigned to variety while the sub – plot was the planting date with three replicates. Plants cultivated in May and June performed better in growth (plant height, canopy width, number of leaves and total leaf area) than those planted in July, August and September. In yield, those plants cultivated in July had the highest yield with the value of 4289kg/ha with variety EXMF4 performing best. The study therefore recommended that variety EXMF4 should be planted by farmers and month of July is the appropriate time for planting Bambara groundnut in the rainforest zone for maximum productivity. Contribution/ Originality
This study is one of the very few studies which have investigated on planting date of Bambara groundnut. The paper's primary contribution is finding that month of July is most suitable in planting of Bambara groundnut in the area. Agricultural Sciences » International Journal of Sustainable Agricultural Research » Month: 09-2019 Issue: 3
Creative Cultural Tourism as a New Model for Cultural Tourism
The aim of this study is to identify the move from cultural to creative cultural tourism as new model for meeting tourists' demands for creative experiences. Hence, traditional cultural tourism must reinvent itself as creative tourism for those creative tourists seeking more interactive experiences. This new trend in creative cultural tourism has emerged from the changes in the production of cultural tourist commodities, the skilled tourist activities, and new consumption patterns. Moreover, creative cultural tourism can solve those problems experienced by traditional cultural tourists. A literature review confirmed that a move to creative cultural tourism, or intangible heritage (i.e., linguistic diversity or gastronomy), from tangible cultural attractions (i.e., museums, monuments, and so forth) increases the attractiveness of tourism destinations. In addition, this study explains the transformation from traditional cultural to creative cultural tourism. Contribution/ Originality
This study contributes to the existing literature on creative cultural tourism as a new model for cultural tourism and explains the move from traditional cultural to creative cultural tourism. Business & Management » Journal of Tourism Management Research » Month: 06-2019 Issue: 2
The Power of Role-Playing in Counseling Children with Learning Difficulties in Inclusive Schools of Indonesia
Research Article
Author(s):
Asrowi ., Gunarhadi ., Muhammad Hanif
Journal: International Journal of Education and Practice
This research was conducted to measure the impact of counseling among children with learning difficulties in terms of motivation and self-confidence. This study is an action research. The research took place in an inclusive school in Indonesia conducted in collaboration between special education teacher, counselor and practitioners. The subjects were 30 learners in mainstream classroom setting where seven children with learning difficulties were included. Data was collected through pretest and posttest and observation. The tests were used to measure their academic achievement, and observation was carried out to see the learning motivation of children with learning difficulties during the respective classroom instruction that employed role play and educational games. The data were analyzed by using SPSS 16 by comparing test scores obtained before and after the cycles of instruction. The results showed that the use of educational games or role play can overcome the problem of motivation and self-confidence of children with learning difficulties. It was also proven by the acquisition of t value which was greater than the value of t-table at the level of significance of 5%, i.e. 8.789> 2.045. It also proved that the average score before treatment was 123.97 and after treatment was 133.03 with an average increase of 3.622%. Contribution/ Originality
This study contributes to the existing literature by investigating the use of role plays to solve problem of lack of motivation and self-confidence in inclusive school. It highlights the effect of combination of counseling and role plays to achieve social interaction, engagement and learning achievement of students with disabilities. Arts and Education » International Journal of Education and Practice » Month: 04-2019 Issue: 4
Family Leadership and Small to Medium Sized Enterprises Research and Development Investments
Research Article
Author(s):
Zhichuan Li
Journal: International Journal of Business, Economics and Management
Family businesses are the most widespread and ancient of all economic entities, and the vast majority of small to medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in every country re family owned. In consequence, their innovation and productivity are critical to economic growth. However, current academic research tends to focus on large, high-profile corporations, with few studies of SMEs. Further, the relationship between family leadership and SMEs’ innovation capability has been likewise neglected. This study aims to investigate the effects of family leadership on an enterprise’s investment in innovation within the context of small firms based on the European Firms in a Global Economy (EFIGE) survey data and relavent literature. By utilizing the ordinary least squares (OLS) model with several robust checks, the empirical results indicate that innovation investment behavior is more complex and multifaceted with respect to family leadership and firm size. On the one hand, family Chief Executive Officers (CEOs) generally exhibit a greater performance in innovation than non-family CEOs. On the other, family leaders in small firms do conduct less innovation investment. Contribution/ Originality
This study contributes to the existing literature mainly in two aspects. First, our work theorizes as to why family leaders are either conducive or obstructive of innovation investment. Second, we utilize a unique survey dataset to investigate empirically the nexus between family CEOs and firms’ research and development (R&D) activities, especially for small firms. Economics » International Journal of Business, Economics and Management » Month: 06-2019 Issue: 5
Abstract