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The study assessed youth participation in sesame production in Gwer West Local Government Area of Benue State, Nigeria. Primary data were collected from ninety three (93) randomly selected sesame youth farmers using a structured questionnaire. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics (frequency, percentage and mean) and inferential statistics (correlation). Results of the study showed that participation of youths in sesame production was moderate in land preparation (M=2.39), planting (M=2.01), manual weeding (M=2.05) and harvesting (M=2.03) and low in pesticide application (M=1.98), herbicide application (M=1.96), fertilizer application (M=1.73, threshing (M=1.90), winnowing (M=1.85) and bagging (M=1.80). Farmers sourced information on sesame production mainly from friends/relations (80.6%). Constraints to youths’ participation in sesame production were insect and diseases attack (M=1.89), insufficient agricultural inputs (M=1.83), inconsistency in agricultural programmes for youths (M= 1.80), insufficient agricultural implements (M= 1.74), lack of technical assistance (M=1.72), lack of access to credit facilities (M= 1.72), weed control problem (M=1.66), and poor access to viable markets (M=1.59). Years of formal education (r= -218; p<0.36) and sesame farm size (r= 281; p<0.36) significantly influenced youths’ participation in sesame production in the study area. It was concluded that participation of youth farmers in sesame production was low, but this could be improved by making sesame farming attractive to young people through the provision of production resources, access to education, farm land, and viable markets. Contribution/ Originality
The study is one of the very few studies which have investigated youth participation in sesame production and identified relevant information for policy development and research on the crop which when implemented could increase its production and productivity and enhance the livelihood of farmers. Agricultural Sciences » International Journal of Sustainable Agricultural Research » Month: 09-2020 Issue: 3
Application of Analytical Hierarchical Process (AHP) in Development of Suitability Model for Rice Production in Taraba State
Research Article
Author(s):
Journal: International Journal of Sustainable Agricultural Research
This research was aim at applying Multi-Criteria Decision Making (MCDM) in Agro-Climatic Zoning of Taraba State for rice Production. Climatic variables, Rice Yield, Digital Elevation Model (DEM), Land Sat 8 (OLI) and Soil Texture map were the data used. Climatic data of the state were analyzed over time and Space using trend and spatial analysis tools in excel and Arc GIS respectively, while correlation and stepwise regression analysis between rice yield and the climatic variables were analyzed in SPSS. Mean temperature, August and September rainfalls were identified to be the critical Climatic factors affecting the growth and yield of rice in the State. The highly suitable cover places such as; Lisasam, Takum, Donga, Wukari, Mutum Biyu and Bali while the suitable area occupy places like Serti, Lau, Sunkani, Jalingo and Lankaviri. Suitability map produced with NDVI showed that the highly suitable area for Rice cultivation reduced from 31.93% to 28.76%. In regards to this findings, cultivation of rice should be encourage in Highly Suitable and Suitable zones of the State while cultivation of alternative crops other than rice in not suitable area is very important in reducing the risk of crop failure. In addition, application of Multi Criteria Decision Making (MCDM) a Remote Sensing and GIS tool and NDVI plays a significant role in Agro-climatic suitability zoning, as such, the tools are recommended in Agro-climatic research. Contribution/ Originality
This study contributes to the Agricultural planning by determining the suitable area for cultivation of rice in Taraba State. Similarly, this paper contributes the first logical analysis that incorporates Agro-climatic statistical method and MCDM (AHP) method in designing a model for Agro-climatic suitability analysis. Agricultural Sciences » International Journal of Sustainable Agricultural Research » Month: 09-2020 Issue: 3
Perception of Audit Expectation Gap: A Study on Business Students of Bangladesh
Research Article
Author(s):
Journal: World Journal of Vocational Education and Training
This study objects to probe the audit expectation gap (AEG) among the business students from different public and private universities of Bangladesh. The study tries to explore the perception about the auditors’ role and its deviation from the actual scenario contributing to an AEG. This article try to observe the extent of Business Students’ ability to understand audit responsibilities, duties and auditor’s role in preventing fraud and thus identify the concerns that lead to an expectation gap through a closed-ended structured questionnaire. Results indicate that satisfaction level of the respondent is low regarding the activities of auditors and they expect more engagement from them. Accurate attachment of international auditing rules, association with foreign firm and independence of audit engagement will be the probable solution to reduce this overall audit expectation gap. Moreover, respondent are highly acquainted with the fact that internal management and their overall strategic control for decision making is equally important to enhance the credibility of disclosed corporate information. Contribution/ Originality
This study contributes to the existing literature by providing the real view of the business students regarding the audit expectation gap from a developing country perspective. As these students will be the potential auditor and user of financial statement, their opinion to reduce this audit expectation gap will act a prominent role. Arts and Education » World Journal of Vocational Education and Training » Month: 06-2020 Issue: 1
Case Study: Optimization of Underground Car Park Design and Safety Assessment
The development of underground space is a very complicated process, and the traditional 2D-based approach in engineering is not enough to solve the problems encountered. The 3D visualization brought by BIM technology greatly improves the accuracy of design and construction. This paper’s case is the underground parking lot development project of Shanghai International Shipping Service Center. The underground parking lot design and optimization is based on the Building Information Modeling (BIM)+ traffic simulation technology. And according to the actual condition of the parking lot, we established a safety evaluation index system, and constructed a micro-simulation road network through VISSIM, so that we can determine potential safety conflict points on each floor and make recommendations. Finally, based on fuzzy evaluation theory and analytic hierarchy process, we evaluated the safety level of the underground parking lot. The safety evaluation result shows that the junction of the passageway from the B2 to B1 is the main point of security conflict, and it is necessary to set up corresponding warning signs and guidance measures at these locations. The BIM + traffic simulation technology adopted in this paper is a new model, and this research has reference value for the development of urban underground parking systems. Contribution/ Originality
The paper provide a new mode of BIM technology used: BIM + traffic simulation technology, and this research has reference value for the development of urban underground parking systems. Engineering » Review of Industrial Engineering Letters » Month: 06-2020 Issue: 1
Investigation of the Spatial and Temporal Variations in the External Nutrient Loads of Lake Ziway in Relation to the Effects of Climatic and Hydrological Factors
Research Article
Author(s):
Journal: International Journal of Chemistry and Materials Research
Excess household wastes from settlements, agrochemical and industrial effluentsfromthe watershed into Lake Ziway can pause a great problem in Lake Ziway. This study was therefore conducted to analysis the amount dynamics, and influences the external and internal household wastes, agrochemical and industrial loads, on Lake Ziway ecosystem. Water samples were collected on a monthly basis from nine sampling sites of the lake for the analysis of some selected water quality parameters in 2014 and 2015 in different seasons. The physicochemical parameters were measured in-situ with portable multimeter and nutrients were according to the APHA [1]. The inflows from Katar and Meki Rivers indicate the main external nutrient sources of the lake ecosystem. The study showed a general trend of higher external nutrient load in the wet than in the dry seasons. These high nutrient loads indicate the susceptibility of Lake Ziway toapproach Eutrophication levels. Person Correlation indicated that precipitation, water level, discharge flow and air temperature had weak to strong positive correlations with SRP, TP, TIN and TN,while DO, pH, EC, total alkalinity (TA) and soluble reactive silica (SiO2-Si) were negatively correlated with water level and discharge outflows. In order to minimize more pollution of the lake water quality and to eventually restore the lake, management of fertilizers and pesticide usage in the lake watershed should be given urgent priority. Contribution/ Originality
This study contributes to existing literature by analysising the amount dynamics, and influences the external and internal household wastes, agrochemical and industrial loads, on Lake Ziway ecosystem. Chemistry & Materials Sciences » International Journal of Chemistry and Materials Research » Month: 12-2020 Issue: 2
Effectiveness, Leadership Style and Gender of Secondary Education School Principals in Athens, Greece
Research Article
Author(s):
Journal: World Journal of Vocational Education and Training
The goal of this work was to investigate the effectiveness of school leaders in relation to gender and leadership style of secondary education principals. A sample (n=163) of secondary education public school teachers in the inner district of Athens, Greece was used. Men outnumbered women in leadership positions in the school district but female principals outnumbered male principals in schools with 200-250 students. Women were underrepresented in school leadership positions in larger schools. The issue of school conflicts varied according to school size; schools with more students had a higher frequency of conflicts than smaller schools. Leadership style did not vary with gender but varied according to the size of the school unit. Principals in small school units (<200 students) more frequently exhibited a laissez-faire leadership style whereas transformational and transactional leadership styles prevailed in larger school units. The frequency of school conflicts varied with the principals’ gender and school size. Male principals were frequently in schools with >250 students. High scores for transformational and transactional leadership traits were inversely correlated with the frequency of school conflict. Transformational and transactional leadership styles were positively correlated to effectiveness, extra effort and satisfaction as outcomes of leadership, whereas a laissez-faire leadership style correlated negatively with these leadership outcomes. Contribution/ Originality
This study contributes to the existing literature by investigating the effectiveness of school leaders in relation to gender and leadership style of secondary education principals. Arts and Education » World Journal of Vocational Education and Training » Month: 06-2020 Issue: 1
The purpose of this research is to determine what lessons, if any, society can learn from the Bill Buckner Error that goes beyond Baseball. The methods of this research include a historical study of the Bottom of the 10th Inning in Game 6 of the 1986 World Series along with the subsequent aftermath for Bill Buckner. The results of this qualitative study indicate that there are learning takeaways for all that go beyond baseball including how Bill Buckner responded to the ordeal and how the passing of time can change perspectives. In addition, a key question that emerged for future research is what impact did the Bill Buckner Error have on the Red Sox trading him away the following season? Furthermore, this research relates to the world of sports in that fans should understand that sports professionals are human and one error along with one moment in time should not define a career. Contribution/ Originality
This study is unique in that it investigates not only the Bill Buckner Error from a historical perspective in terms of the actual event and post event developments but it also analyzes the lessons that society can learn decades later from this historic moment in sports history. Physical Sciences » Journal of Sports Research » Month: 06-2020 Issue: 1
Evaluating Variation in Seed Quality Attributes in Pinus Patula Clonal Orchards using Cone Cluster Analysis
Clonal seed orchards are majorly established for the production of seed of known quality attributes. However, these seed sources often cross-pollinate over the years, forming new varieties of unknown seed quality traits. Given the long period that it takes forestry tree species to naturalize through provenance trials, it is desirable to develop rapid techniques for assessing seed quality traits to support the expansion of clonal seed sources. We evaluated the variability in seed quality among Pinus patula clonal seed orchards based on three physical cone characteristics (length, diameter, and weight) using cluster analysis and Principal Component Analysis. The results indicated that cone length was the significant component controlling for the groupings, with width and weight having almost similar influencing power as factors. Cluster analysis identified five optimal natural groupings out of a possible 14 clusters. The optimal groups had values that could easily be used in the grading of cones. The results suggest that cluster analysis holds promise for tree improvement specialists as a rapid, unbiased, and novel technique for assessing clonal seed material at a reasonably affordable cost. It is expected that future seed harvests in Pinus patula seed orchards will target cone length as an indicator of superior seed quality. Contribution/ Originality
This study uses a new estimation methodology based on P. patula cone morphometric characteristics. The length of cone, the diameter of cone, the weight of cone and seed yield per cone from clonal seed orchards of in Londiani, Kenya are assessed using principal component analysis and cluster analysis methodologies. Agricultural Sciences » Journal of Forests » Month: 06-2020 Issue: 1
An Assessment of Service Quality and Airport Elements Influential to Travellers’ Experience at Ilorin International Airport
The level of acceptability of a traveller’s experience is important in determining the perceived value of airport service quality. To examine the level of the quality of service travellers’ experienced from airport elements and to identify airport elements that are influential in this regard, this quantitative study was conducted. With a structured questionnaire that was administered to 413 non-randomly selected participants, a total of 398 valid responses was received and analyzed using frequency, t-test, factor analysis and Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). Findings show that, in general, travellers’ assessment of the quality of service experienced at Ilorin International Airport was not impressive. The result of the factor analysis used in identifying the service elements that are influential also shows that eight of the thirty-five variables are influential to travellers’ experience. Finally, the results of the five null hypotheses tested at 0.05 level of significant show that travellers’ demographic characteristics do not influence their response. The study recommended that a national minimum standard with regards to infrastructural availability, adequacy and maintenance should be developed while Kwara State government should invest in infrastructure development and maintenance at the airport. Finally, the airport management has been enjoined to periodically collect travellers’ feedback on service experience and suggestions on the area to be improved upon for quality service experience identified. Contribution/ Originality
This study contributes to the existing literature on travellers’ evaluation of airports attributes and service experience. As a premier study in the study area, this study is unique given that it identifies and appraises the airport elements in the quality of service experienced by outbound travellers. Business & Management » Journal of Tourism Management Research » Month: 06-2020 Issue: 1
Contribution of Glacier, Snow and Rain Components in Flow Regime Projected with HBV Under AR5 Based Climate Change Scenarios Over Chitral River Basin (Hindukush Ranges, Pakistan)
Research Article
Author(s):
Journal: International Journal of Climate Research
Knowledge of projection and attribution of streamflow composition in rain and snow fed glaciated catchments has been of vital significance to a spectrum of stakeholder communities. Accordingly, assessment of contributed share of rain, snow and glacier to downstream flow regime in snowy and glaciated catchment area of Chitral River Basin (CRB) in historical and projected periods was made in this study. HBV-Light hydrological model (hereafter HBV) was used to identify temporal variation and composition of streamflow in response to alterations in hydro-meteorological parameters over the CRB. The HBV was seen to perform fairly well both during calibration (R2=0.91, Reff=0.91) and validation (R2=0.91, Reff=0.81) periods on daily time scale in the CRB. The HBV was thereafter deployed for prediction of streamflow changes and composition in the CRB using Assessment Report 5 (AR5) based projections. Projected patterns indicated significant changes in flows with up to 26.7% increase that were attributed to up to 6.6 °C increase in the temperature under a high end emission scenario over the basin. Whereas a loss in contribution of snow was seen, a simultaneous increase of up to 28% in the contribution of glacier melt with significant density increase is projected for the flow regime under the high end emission scenario. Moreover, the significant increase in glacier melt was found in phase with residence of high temperatures forced with the emission scenarios in the CRB over the projected periods. Contribution/ Originality
This study assesses frequency shifts in high and low magnitude temperature and discharge data in the projections to address attributions to changes seen in the future periods. Energy & Environmental Sciences » International Journal of Climate Research » Month: 03-2020 Issue: 1
Mapping of Co-Creation Resources in Lekki Conservation Centre and Omu Resort Lagos, Nigeria
This study categorized and mapped the value co-creation resources at Lekki Conservation Centre and Omu Resort Lagos, Nigeria, for effective marketing, projection of the spatial distribution of tourism products, successful service delivery and efficient customer satisfaction. Field survey was used to identify the tourism resources and facilities supporting value co-creation among the tourists. Spatial data of value co-creation facilities’ locations were collected using hand-held Global Positioning System and their photographs were subsequently captured with a digital camera. These data were uploaded into Quantum GIS software for analysis. The map of co-creation resources was produced using GIS overlay, including geo-tagging each of the facilities location with its photograph to generate the co-creation resource map. A total of 21 and 11 recreational resources were identified at Omu Resort and LCC respectively, out of which 7 were categorized as co-creation facilities in each of the sites. Research concluded that more facilities promoting value co-creation should be added at tourism sites for destinations to have a competitive edge in the tourism market since tourists now enjoy being in control of how values are created for themselves through active participation and interaction with other tourists. Contribution/ Originality
This study is one of the very few studies that have investigated and mapped out tourist destination attractions supporting co-creation activities in developing countries. Knowledge generated from mapping these features provides essential information for efficient marketing and enhances the competitiveness of tourist sites in the tourism industry. Business & Management » Journal of Tourism Management Research » Month: 06-2020 Issue: 1
An Empirical Investigation between Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) and Tourism in Bangladesh
We examine the empirical relationship between FDI and tourism in Bangladesh by employing the annual time series data from 1972 to 2017. Standard econometric techniques, like Augmented-Dickey Fuller (ADF), Phillips-Perron (PP) and Zivot-Andrews structural break augmented unit root tests, Johansen cointegration test, Granger causality test, Vector Error Correction Model (VECM), Dynamic Ordinary Least Square (DOLS) and Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) estimation methods and Cumulative Sum (CUSUM) stability test have been applied in this paper. Variables are found to be stationary at first difference form. Furthermore, cointegration results show concerned variables are associated in the long run. We find both short run and long run causality running from FDI to tourism in the case of Bangladesh but not vice versa. From the long run estimation results of DOLS and ARDL, we find that a 1 million USD increase in FDI will increase tourism receipts by 0.065 and 0.062 million USD respectively. Our results are expected to provide guidelines to the policymakers to formulate the sustainable tourism policies in Bangladesh. Contribution/ Originality
This paper contributes the first empirical analysis on the association of FDI and tourism activity from the perspective of Bangladesh economy. The analysis of this paper has been carried out by incorporating robust econometric techniques and led to key tourism policy implications. Business & Management » Journal of Tourism Management Research » Month: 06-2020 Issue: 1
Quality Attributes of Cheese Produced from Goat’s Milk Supplemented with Coconut Milk
Quality attributes of cheese produced from goat’s milk supplemented with coconut milk was studied. Fresh goat milk was blended with coconut milk at varying proportions of 90:10; 80:20; 70:30; and 50:50. A 100% goat milk was used as control. Result showed that increase in the proportion of coconut milk (10-50%) resulted in significant (p<0.05) effect in quality parameters of cheese. Values ranged from 0.20-0.33% TTA; 6.40-6.69 pH. TSS declined from 1.14% in the control sample to 0.56% at 50% coconut milk substitution. The yield of cheese increased from 22.55 - 30.69% with increased coconut milk. Proximate composition of cheese was also influenced by increased proportion of coconut milk. Protein, ash, fibre and fat contents of cheese ranged from 12.94-14.49%; 1.28-2.08%; 0.03-1.79% and 15-40.41% respectively. Conversely, carbohydrate content of cheese decreased with increased coconut milk. Mineral contents of cheese showed maximum value of 74.03 mg/100g potassium, 41.60 mg/100g sodium and declined with decrease in coconut milk content, while magnesium content was highest (8.10 mg/100g) in cheese produced using 10% coconut milk supplementation. Potassium content of cheese was least (59.27 mg/100g) in control sample, but increased with increase coconut milk content. Microbial analysis showed that the product was safe for consumption. The blend of 90:10% of goat milk and coconut milk substitution was most preferred by panelists in terms of sensory parameters. Contribution/ Originality
Substitution of coconut milk in cheese production had significant effect on quality parameters of cheese studied. Physico-chemical properties, proximate composition, mineral content of cheese supplemented with coconut milk were determined. The acceptable level of coconut milk and goat milk blends for cheese production was established. Agricultural Sciences » Journal of Food Technology Research » Month: 06-2020 Issue: 1
Barriers to Health-Care Access: A Case Study of Bangladeshi Temporary Migrant Workers in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
The primary objective of this study was to identify the barriers to accessing health-care services as perceived by Bangladeshi temporary workers’ in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. The participants comprised 300 migrants working in the construction, manufacturing, and service sectors from three areas of Kuala Lumpur with the highest concentration of Bangladeshis. Following an analysis of the face-to-face structured interviews, the findings indicated that the main barriers were health-care providers not understanding migrant workers’ health problems, high medical costs, self-medication, and lack of transportation. It is recommended, therefore, that a pre-departure orientation program should be developed to familiarize migrant workers with the Malaysian health-care system and procedures, as well basic courses in Malay (Bahasa Melayu) and English, to help them access and use health-care services. In addition, it is suggested that a further, larger study is conducted to extend the findings to other states in Malaysia where there are Bangladeshi temporary migrant workers from similar backgrounds. Contribution/ Originality
This study is one of very few studies investigating the reasons for migrant workers not using health-care services. Its findings has enormous implications for the growing concern on improving access to health-care services among foreign workers, especially Bangladeshi temporary migrant workers in Malaysia. Social Sciences » Humanities and Social Sciences Letters » Month: 06-2020 Issue: 2
Analytical Evaluation of Four Accessions of Dialium guineense (L.) Leaves
Research Article
Author(s):
Journal: International Journal of Sustainable Agricultural Research
The study evaluates the diversity of accessions of Dialium guineense collected from four different eco-geographical zones of Nigeria. Physicochemical composition was undertaken using the parameters recommended by WHO. The physicochemical parameters evaluated in this study include; the ash values (Loss on drying, Water- soluble Ash, Total ash content, acid insoluble ash, Nitrated ash, Sulphated ash), the exhaustive extraction was done using various solvents: Ethyl-acetate, Methanol and Aqueous with increasing polarity using soxhlet apparatus. Proximate composition which includes; crude fibre, crude protein, crude fat and total carbohydrate were investigated and organoleptic characters and the PH of the plants across the accessions were also investigated. Physicochemical and Proximate parameter investigated shows a reasonable amount of the nutritional composition of the plants for all the accessions. Organoleptic characters evaluated include; taste, odour, colour, sand and silica, insect infestation and rodent infestation, while the PH for all the accessions ranges from 6.0-6.5. Significant differences were observed between the studied parameters across the accessions. Variations observed in the results of this physicochemical evaluation could be pioneered by several factors such as environment, habitat, age of plant, season and chemical race of plants. Thus, from the observed result, it is expected that the physicochemical and proximate properties of this genotype will be very useful in the quality of the plant and also in the nutritional composition of the plant. Contribution/ Originality
This study is one of the very few studies which have investigated the variation in the analytical evaluation of D. guineense across different accessions, knowing fully well that several factors such as environment, climate, habitat and chemical nature of plant could pioneer the genotypic behaviour of the plant. Agricultural Sciences » International Journal of Sustainable Agricultural Research » Month: 09-2020 Issue: 3
The Voyage of ESL Learners English Language Learning in the Era of Post-Colonialism: A Thematic Analysis
The journey of learning English language could be quite challenging for some people due to various factors and reasonings. Previously in the era of British colonisation, English language is to be considered as the official language. It is needless to say that the generation before independence is more exposed to English language better with the existence of English schools as the main platform for social status upgrade and windows for job opportunities. After independence, we are no longer tied to the colonisation of British and the must to at least acknowledge English language. However, being free from colonisation does not make us to totally ignore the importance of English language especially in today’s era with the rise of globalisation and technology. Hence, this study, which is in give to the suggestions and sharing experiences aforementioned, sets out to discover the journey and experiences of English language learning among ESL learners in the era of post-colonialism. The findings have figured that; a. Family Influence, b. Mass Media Influence, c. Peer Pressure and Teachers Influence, d. Technology Invasion, and e. The external Force has become the factors for the ESL learners to learn English language in the era of post-colonialism.
Contribution/ Originality
This study is one of very few studies which have investigated the journey of ESL learners’ English language learning in the era of post colonialism since they were little. This study has shown the crucial role of English language even after British colonialism in the context of Malaysia. Social Sciences » Humanities and Social Sciences Letters » Month: 06-2020 Issue: 2
Economic Crisis, Emotional Exhaustion, Depersonalization and Personal Accomplishment of Teachers in Greece
This study compares the level of teachers’ professional burnout before and after the onset of the prolonged economic crisis in Greece. Scores of burnout components (Emotional exhaustion (EE); Depersonalization (DP) and lack of Personal accomplishments (PA) were used to compare the periods before (1995-2005; 2005-2010) and after (2010-2015; 2015-2020) the onset of the current economic crisis in Greece. There were significant differences (ANOVA) among different periods, in the scores of EE (P=0.006) and DP (P<0.001). Post hoc comparisons using the Tukey HSD test indicated significant differences in the scores for EE before and after the onset of the economic crisis. EE was increased (P<0.05) after the onset of the economic crisis. In the same manner, DP increased significantly (P<0.0001) in papers published five years after the onset of the economic crisis. The level of PA remained similar during the entire period examined in the present analysis but was consistently well above the norms for this component of burnout compared to other countries. Burnout teachers will have difficulty in coping with changes and innovation, reducing the prospects for them to cope with the new and demanding conditions of their job. This could have a significant effect on teaching effectiveness. This dramatic change in two burnout components of teachers has significant implications for school management. EE is considered as an indication of professional stress and be a precursor of depersonalization which requires monitoring and implementation of possible proactive human resources policies.
Contribution/ Originality
This study documents an increased risk of professional burnout of teachers in Greece. A rise in Emotional exhaustion and a reduction in level of Personal accomplishment of teachers can be associated with dramatic changes in working conditions at schools after the onset of a prolonged economic crisis. Social Sciences » Humanities and Social Sciences Letters » Month: 06-2020 Issue: 2
Carbon Sequestration Assessment of Selected Campus Champion Trees
This study aims to quantify the unique score of selected champion trees on the University of Maryland Eastern Shore (UMES) main campus. Individual trees that are evaluated as “champions” of their species are measured for their trunk’s diameter at breast-height, overall tree height, and average crown spread to calculate their total score. Based on each specimen’s total score, selecting the top 20 champion trees provides data that is beneficial in developing a UMES campus tree map using geospatial technology. Furthermore, finding the carbon sequestered value and emissions-storage amount per tree is a targeted topic for the next step in this study. This study also provides a pilot direction for UMES to value its forested regions, to maintain these colossal trees, and to help the campus reach its sustainability goals. Given the relationship between tree size and efficiency of carbon sequestration demonstrated here, additional studies to test the hypothesis that some open grown tree species gain greater girth in a shorter period of time when compared to forest-grown specimens are encouraged to aid in tree selection. Contribution/ Originality
This study is one of very few studies which have quantified the total score and carbon sequestration of the selected champion trees on UMES main campus. This study also addresses that the conservation and protection of large girth trees, whether as components in an old growth forest or as large individual specimens such as those of UMES's campus community, should be encouraged. Agricultural Sciences » Journal of Forests » Month: 06-2020 Issue: 1
Challenges Faced by Learners with Hearing Impairments in a Special School Environment: A Case Study of Embangweni Primary School for the Deaf, Mzimba District, Malawi
Research Article
Author(s):
Journal: World Journal of Vocational Education and Training
Hearing impairment has been a major disability challenge globally and is considered to a threat to quality education in developing countries like Malawi. This article focuses on the challenges faced by learners with hearing impairments in a special school environment in Malawi. The study was conducted in a selected primary for the deaf in Mzimba District Malawi in 2013. The qualitative research approach was the main method adopted but questionnaires were used to collect basic demographic information about the respondents. The target groups were deaf students, teachers and head teacher of the Embangweni primary school for the deaf. In total, 45 respondents participated in the research (40, students and 5 teachers). The study revealed that students with special needs education are facing multiple challenges such as; shortage of hearing aids, communication barrier with the community surrounding the school, negative attitudes by the community, water supply problem, inadequate funding, abandonment by parents and relatives, shortage of teachers and the lack of transportation facility. These challenges posed both long and short term impact on the academic performance of students attached to the center. This study concludes that disabled students especially those with hearing impairment in rural Malawi are struggling to attain basic education. It is recommended that Malawi government improve financial funding and ensure that basic needed hearing equipment and food supply be made available to all disabled students suffering from hearing impairment. This study serves a baseline for future studies about challenges facing disabled people in Malawi. Contribution/ Originality
This research is one of very few studies which have investigated the challenges faced by learners with hearing impairment in remote localities in Malawi. The findings contribute to the existing knowledge on challenges facing person with disability around the globe. This study informs policy makers on disability challenges in Malawi. Arts and Education » World Journal of Vocational Education and Training » Month: 06-2020 Issue: 1
The Level of Behavior Modification Techniques Utilized by Academic Advisors in Public Elementary Schools
Research Article
Author(s):
Journal: International Journal of Education and Practice
The current study aims to identify the level of behavior modification techniques utilized by academic advisors among elementary students of public schools in the city of Mecca, Saudi Arabia, according to years of experience and specialization. The descriptive survey approach was applied to (30) intentionally selected academic advisors through purposive sampling technique. The researcher prepared a 39-item scale comprising (3) domains, i.e. Cognitive, Action, and Evaluation domains. The study results indicated a high degree of utilizing the Cognitive domain of behavior modification by academic advisors, followed by the Action and the Evaluation domains, respectively. In terms of behavior modification techniques utilized by academic advisors, artificial reinforcement was ranked first, while punishment was ranked last. Moreover, there were no statistically significant differences in the participants’ responses attributed to years of experience or specialization in all domains. The study recommends boosting cooperation between school administrations and academic advisors to develop and implement behavior modification plans based on student behavior evaluation and appropriate modification techniques. Contribution/ Originality
This study is a pioneering attempt to establish a relationship between school management and academic advisors with the objective to design and implement behavior modification plans among the elementary students of public schools. For this purpose, this study relied upon student behavior evaluation and appropriate modification techniques. Arts and Education » International Journal of Education and Practice » Month: 06-2020 Issue: 2
Abstract