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It is an established fact that money politics is a global phenomenon, its trend in Nigeria’s electoral system is worrisome. Buying and selling of votes has become an accepted norm in Nigeria’s political arrangement and which threatens her readiness to embrace democratic virtues. Vying for political posts is left for rich individuals due to the huge amount of money involved in preparation for elective offices. Though the electoral act regulates political finance, its application is not obtainable. The electoral body that is responsible for monitoring and regulating expenses of candidates has not been vibrant in such obligation. This makes it imperative in this study to explore the ugly phenomenon of money politics in Nigeria’s democracy via its implication for sustainable development. The paper infers that until Nigerians move from politics of money and adopt politics of ideology and creativity, advancement of the country’s democracy might be a mirage. Contribution/ Originality
This study contributes in the existing literature and also enhances knowledge advancement to the understanding of money and politics. Economics » Journal of Social Economics Research » Month: 01-2015 Issue: 1
Review on Preparation and Description of Some First Series Divalent Transition Metal Complexes with Novel Schiff’s Base Ligands
Schiff’s bases are flexible ligands which are synthesized from the condensation of primary amines with carbonyl groups such as aldehydes and ketones. These compounds are very important in medicinal and pharmaceutical fields because of their wide spectrum of biological activities. Most of them exhibit biological activities such as antibacterial, antifungal as well as antitumor activity. Metal complexes of the Schiff’s base ligands are generally prepared by treating metal salts with Schiff’s base ligands under appropriate experimental circumstances. Transition metal complexes derived from the Schiff’s base ligands with biological activity have been widely studied. This review summarizes the synthesis, biological activities and catalytic activities of Schiff base ligands and their transition metal complexes. Contribution/ Originality
Different desulphurization methods for scrap lead paste have been introduced. At this stage, the major methods are pyrometallurgy and hydrometallurgy. The first one is the general used method to recovery scrap lead acid batteries. It shows faster reaction speed, great handing capacity, higher production efficiency and well adapt for raw material, but products secondary pollutants of lead dust and sulfur dioxide on these processes. The second one shows favorable environmental benefit for lower pollution, higher controllability, greater security and higher metal recovery rate, but it exists the problem of higher requirement for production equipment, higher energy consumption and longer technological processes. Contribution/ Originality
The paper’s primary contribution is introducing the major desulphurization methods for scrap lead paste. Chemistry & Materials Sciences » International Journal of Chemistry and Materials Research » Month: 03-2015 Issue: 3
An Estimate of the Tensile Strength Based On P-Wave Velocity and Schmidt Hardness Rebound Number
Research Article
Author(s):
Journal: International Journal of Geography and Geology
Tunnels, roads, bridges, dams, power plants, etc., are constructed in rock formation. Various rock parameters are important for the design of these structures such as compressive and tensile strengths of the embedded rocks. Preparation of samples and performing uniaxial and Brazilian tensile tests require a lot of time and money; and they are not operable in all samples. Therefore, much easier and less costly methods are used to determine tensile strength. Schmidt hammer and sound velocity tests are among these simple and inexpensive tests. Another advantage of these tests is that they are non-destructive and operable in the deserts. The main objective of this study was to obtain the relationship between the sound velocity, the Schmidt hammer rebound number and the tensile strength. This study was conducted on samples of sandstone, tuff, marble, limestone, red sandstone and marl. Simple and multivariate regression models were used to obtain this relationship. Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) and value account for (VAF) were determined to control the performance of provided equations. These two indices were equal to 2.20 and 46.5 in the relation between the sound velocity and the tensile strength; and they were equal to 0.09 and 81.49 in the relation between the Schmidt hardness rebound number and the tensile strength when the simple regression analysis was used, while they were equal to 0.24 and 80.91 when multivariate regression analysis. Contribution/ Originality
This study is one of very few studies which have investigated the relationship between the sound velocity, the Schmidt hammer rebound number and the tensile strength. This study documents that tensile strength can be estimated with a high level of accuracy by using the proposed equations. Energy & Environmental Sciences » International Journal of Geography and Geology » Month: 02-2015 Issue: 2
Investigating the Density Ratios of Geological Structure through Fractal Geometry Case Stady: (Dehno Region in Farss of Iran)
Research Article
Author(s):
Journal: International Journal of Geography and Geology
One of the most important steps to obtain the specified density Bouguer anomaly corrections for the topography of the page Bouguer is the most commonly used way in which the relationship between topography and Bouguer anomaly in the method assumes that topography of the rigid shell instead Isostasy balance is maintained. The method to determine the density of Bouguer provided by fractal analyze these are the lowest density dependence the topography of the area is considered as the optimal density and the fractal relationship to the topography of the fractal dimension using the Bouguer anomaly. Contribution/ Originality
The analysis of realized investments of individual regions and sub-regions opens up a question of relevant factors upon which foreign investors make decisions about investments into a certain location. Therefore, the objective of this paper is the theoretical elaboration of starting factors and determinants of foreign capital attractions, as well as, the observation of effects of marketing location on investment realisation. Identification of key motives, as well as the determination of the level of their significance in realisation of foreign investments into Bosnia and Herzegovina (hereinafter B&H), is necessary in order to define the effect of incentive measures for investment realisation. The results, presented in this paper, are gathered through primary research of companies formed by realisation of foreign investments into B&H (written structured survey). The data has been gathered on basis of a simple random sample made up of 30 surveyed, that is, 30 companies from B&H territory that occurred as a result of the realisation of foreign direct investments (hereinafter FDI) in our country. The research results show that B&H, regardless of its unstable political situation, poor investment climate, complex government structure, has an exceptional potential for the increase of FDI inflow, and that it is still attractive to foreign investors due to its technical-technological know-how, its natural resources, as well as is qualified and educated labour force. Contribution/ Originality
From the theoretical aspect, the contribution of this paper is seen in the apostrophization of the role of foreign investments in economic growth of a country, and in the influence of marketing location on process of attraction of foreign capital. From the applicative aspect, the key contribution is in the systematization of key motives of realization of foreign investments into B&H, and in emphasis of the role of the institutional network of promoters and their activities in the attraction of foreign direct investments into B&H. Business & Management » International Journal of Management and Sustainability » Month: 10-2014 Issue: 10
Reliability of the Turning Point Core Trainer as a Measure of Shoulder Hip Separation Angle, Shoulder Angular Velocity, and Hip Angular Velocity During Volleyball Spiking Actions
Separation of the shoulders and hips is an important contributor for rotational sports such as baseball and golf. Most recent has utilized Motion Capture technology. A new instrument has been developed as a tool to measure separation angle and can also be used to train the core musculature. The primary aim of the current study was to examine the reliability of shoulder hip separation angle (SHSA), shoulder angular velocity (SAV), and hip angular velocity (HAV) as measured using the Turning Point Core Trainer (TP) during volleyball spiking actions. Voluntary participants included 14 collegiate, Division I, female volleyball players from the University of Utah, ranging from 18-30 years of age. Participants completed 10 volleyball spike actions will fastened to the TP. SHSA was calculated at the height of the back swing. Participants were asked to provide maximal velocity during the forward phase thus providing SAV and HAV. Analysis for reliability demonstrated high Cronbach’s alpha coefficients across the 10 SHSA, SAV, and HAV (a =.98; a =.91; a =.94), respectively, indicating excellent internal consistency reliability for the TP. Follow-up research should examine whether or not training female outside hitters to increase SHSA at the top of the back swing, will increase SBV during either DL or DAC spikes. The TP measure of-axial rotation during spiking the internal consistency of the measures was high. Contribution/ Originality
This study contributes to the existing literature regarding test re-test reliability using the Turning Point Core Trainer to assess torso rotation and the impact it has on sports performance. Physical Sciences » Journal of Sports Research » Month: 03-2015 Issue: 1
An Integrated Conceptual Model of Destination Branding – Touristmind
An assessment of the destination image which does not adopt a branding perspective is inevitably reductive, taking into account the competitive context of tourist destinations. Branding is perceived as fundamental to the conceptual development of destination branding, allowing the definition of a conceptual model to assess and monitor the destinations’ performance as brands and the behaviour of tourists as consumers. The aim of this study is to understand the process of formation of destination branding, its dimensions and its interrelationship proposing a new conceptual model, through an integrated perspective which examines brand identity (brand associations), brand image, perceived quality, satisfaction and loyalty, through the development of scales that allow a better understanding and measurement of these constructs. This article aims at contributing to the progress in the conceptualization of the destination branding which is identified as a concept critical to the success of the marketing of tourist destinations. Contribution/ Originality
The paper`s primary contribution is the proposal for a new integrated conceptual model, with more consistent measuring scales, in order to contribute to the Destination Branding conceptual advance, and thus, making available an new assessment tool of the Tourist Destinations branding for the Destination Management Organisations. Business & Management » Journal of Tourism Management Research » Month: 06-2015 Issue: 2
The main aim of this paper is devoted to derive some relations of Gegenbauer matrix polynomials of two variables. Volterra integral equation and a new representation of these matrix polynomials are given here. We introduce new generalized various forms of Gegenbauer matrix polynomials of two and three matrices by using the method of integral transforms to Hermite matrix polynomials. Furthermore, families of generating matrix functions are obtained and their applications are presented. Contribution/ Originality
This study is one of very few studies which have been investigated to new families of Gegenbauer matrix polynomials of two variables with two and three matrices is introduced using integral transform method and allow the derivation of a wealth of relations involving these matrix polynomials, and discuss its various special cases and their applications are presented. These results allow us to note that the use of the method of the integral representation is a fairly important tool of analysis and can be usefully extended to other families of Gegenbauer matrix polynomials which is a problem for further work. Computer Sciences » Review of Computer Engineering Research » Month: 03-2015 Issue: 1
Phytochemical Analysis and Antibacterial Activity of Seed Extracts of Macrotyloma Uniflorum (Horse Gram)
The present study deals with preliminary phytochemical screening of seed extracts of Macrotyloma uniflorum (horse gram) and its antimicrobial activity against human bacterial pathogens. Aqueous and alcoholic extracts of Seeds of horse gram were evaluated for antibacterial using well diffusion method against some human bacterial pathogens. Phytochemical studies revealed the presence of carbohydrate, steroid, tannins, phenol, protein and amino acid, and absence of alkaloids, glycosides, flavonoids and saponins. Antibacterial activity was tested against 9 human bacterial pathogens using alcoholic and aqueous extract. On comparing the antibacterial activity by alcoholic and aqueous extracts, they showed a moderate to high activity against 9 human pathogens. On considering the rate of antimicrobial activity against pathogens, alcoholic extract showed a better result in controlling the growth of bacteria than that of aqueous extract. Contribution/ Originality
The paper’s primary contribution is finding the phytochemical analysis and antibacterial activity of the seed of horse gram plant M.uniflorum. The overall results showed promising baseline information for the potential therapeutic use of seeds M.uniflorum against human bacterial pathogens. Biological Sciences » The Asia Journal of Applied Microbiology » Month: 03-2015 Issue: 1
Microbial Degradation of Organic Waste through Vermicomposting
Research Article
Author(s):
Journal: International Journal of Sustainable Agricultural Research
Every habitation produces a considerable amount of biodegradable waste that is discarded via dumping at various sites, in landfills, being burnt or is dumped in the river systems. Guyana is no exception - the water ways are polluted with plants, grass is constantly mowed from lawns, huge amounts of market refuse on a daily basis – contributes to unsightly land pollution. Vermicomposting is the best solution to getting rid of these biodegradable waste materials. Composting of grass, water hyacinth and a combination of grass with water hyacinth were successful. Final compost yields were at least 30%. This represents a huge decrease in compost volume. Therefore, vermiculture is an efficient method to reduce biodegradable solid waste. By using earthworms, waste is rapidly turned into vermicompost. Vermicompost has higher microorganism content and the activities of microorganisms (Actinomycetes, Azotobacter, Nitrobacter, Nitrosomonas and Aspergillus) is responsible for enhanced plant productivity much more than would be possible from the mere conversion of mineral nutrients into more plant-available forms. Also, during this period, there is a reduction of Gram negative cocci bacteria and corresponding increase in Gram positive bacilli as time progresses towards the maturity of the vermicompost in all three compost samples. This would indicate a healthier finished product that is highly beneficial to plant growth. Contribution/ Originality
This study is one of very few studies which have investigated the contribution of microbes in the process of large scale biodung mediated vermicomposting. The contribution is significant in the area of organic waste recycling that is necessitated towards clean environment. Agricultural Sciences » International Journal of Sustainable Agricultural Research » Month: 06-2015 Issue: 2
Critical Review: Antioxidant Properties and Antibiotic Mechanism of Honey against Infectious Diseases
Research Article
Author(s):
Journal: International Journal of Advances in Life Science and Technology
The advent of antibiotics in modern western medicine has made the use of honey in the treatment of infectious diseases abandoned. Hence this review exposes why honey remains the best antibiotic and its potency as an antioxidant, antibacterial, and anti-inflammatory. Honey possesses some vital components such as Methylgyloxal, Bee defensin-1, Hydrogen peroxide, osmotic effect and phenolic compounds. Honey also possesses properties that inhibit the formation of biofilms. These made honey more powerful because it prevents the formation of antibiotic-resistant bacteria while conventional antibiotic fail because they only target the essential growth processes of bacteria and this allows bacteria to build up resistance over time. Contribution/ Originality
Bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) infection can induce a variety of economically important clinical manifestations in cattle herds. One potential outcome is the creation of calves that are viremic but immunotolerant to the virus. These persistently infected (PI) calves are the result of in utero exposure to BVDV prior to the development of a competent fetal immune system. The aim of this study was to detect of cattle persistently infected with BVDV by ear-notch testing in southeast of Iran. Ear-notch skin samples, 3 mm in diameter, were collected from a total of 127 cattle from 6 randomly selected herds (calves aged under 12 months ), using pliers usually used for ear tagging and skin notch sampling, as described by the manufacturer of the Herd check ELISA kit (IDEXX) for the detection of BVDV antigen in PI cattle. Overall, 0.78 per cent of the animals examined, were positive for BVDV antigen.This study identifies the cattle persistently infected with BVDV by ear-notch testing in southeast of Iran for the first time. Contribution/ Originality
This study identifies the cattle persistently infected with BVDV by ear-notch testing in southeast of Iran for the first time. Agricultural Sciences » Animal Review » Month: 12-2014 Issue: 4
Ingessana Goats Phenotype, Carcass and Wholesale Cuts Characteristics in Fadamia, Bao Locality, Blue Nile State, Sudan
Two studies were conducted to characterize the phenotype, carcass and wholesale cuts in Ingessana goats in Fadamia, Bao Province, Blue Nile State, Sudan which is about 521km south east of Khartoum. In the first study 250 animals were used to study body weight and measurements and colours at different ages in villages in the area. In the second study 6 males at <1 and 1 year old (three in each age group) were used to study body components and carcass and wholesale characteristics. The data was statistically analyzed according to MSTAT. Body weight (BW) and measurements, except horns and tail length, were increased with age. The correlations between BW and measurements were calculated and different regression equations were used to predict BW from some body weight at different ages with no significant (P>0.05) differences between measured and predicted BW. Animals’ colours varied greatly and were mainly black and white (35%). All body components percentages, except skin and small intestines, were higher at <1 year old with no significant difference between the two age groups. Slaughter weight, empty BW (EBW) and hot carcass weight were significantly (P <0.05) higher at1 year old. Dressing percentages were higher on EBW than LBW and were not significantly (P>0.05) different between the two age groups. Carcass muscle, bone, fat and muscle: fat were not significantly (P>0.05) different between the two age groups. Muscle: fat was significantly higher at 1 year old (P<0.05). There were no significant (P>0.05) differences in all wholesale cuts percentages between the two age groups. The percentages of leg and chump, single short forequarter and loin were higher at 1 year old and breast and neck percentages were higher at <1 year old. Contribution/ Originality
The paper contributes the first logical analysis of phenotype, carcass and wholesale cuts characteristics of Ingessana goats in Blue Nile State, Sudan. The study also predicted equation for measuring body weight which contributes to the existing literature. Agricultural Sciences » Animal Review » Month: 03-2015 Issue: 1
Effect of Whole Inedible Date and Amino Acid Supplementation on Growth Performance of Ross 308 Broiler Chicks
This work aims to assess the potential of discarded date meal (DDM) as an alternative ingredient in broiler diets. The effect of substituting 5 or 10% of corn and soybean meal (SBM) with DDM on performance, carcass characteristics, serum constituents and nutrients retention of broilers from 12 to 35 d of age was evaluated. A total of 150 chicks were randomly distributed in a factorial arrangement (3x2) into six treatments. Three levels of DDM (0, 5 and 10%) and 2 levels of AAs (normal and high) were utilized. A significant interaction was detected for BWG (P<0.01) and FCR (P<0.001). Birds which had received 0% and 5% DDM and high AAs converted feed more efficiently when compared to those which had received low AAs. When examining the main effects for FCR, both DDM and AAs showed a significant effects on FCR (P<0.01 and 0.05, respectively). Birds received 5% DDM converted feed more efficiently as compared to 0 and 10%. Also, birds received the high AAs level converted feed more efficiently as compared to the normal level. On the other hand, breast muscle yield and abdominal fat were affected by DDM and AAs (P<0.01 and 0.05, respectively). Birds on the 0% DDM had higher breast muscle yield as compared to 5 or 10% DDM. Also, high AAs increased breast yield by 1.5% as compared to normal AAs. The results revealed that birds received 5% DDM performed better than the control or 10%. Also, supplementing diets with higher AAs level improved the performance. Based on presented evidences, it is recommended to substitute 5% of corn and SBM with DDM. Contribution/ Originality
This study contributes in the existing literature regarding the utilization of dates as a potential ingredient that could partially replace corn in broiler diets. This study documents that DDM could be incorporated in poultry diets as a cheap untraditional ingredient to reduce feeding cost. This study is one of very few studies which have investigated the effect of amino acids supplementation to DDM as a method to improve the nutritive value. Agricultural Sciences » Animal Review » Month: 03-2015 Issue: 1
Emergent Behavior of “Rational” Agents in Some Forgotten N-Person Games
This paper investigates N-person games with linear payoff functions, which are defined by four parameters each for the case when some of these parameters are equal to each other. Such cases represent transitions between different games. The participating agents are all greedy simpletons who imitate the behavior of the neighbor in their Moore neighborhood - nine neighbors, including themselves - that received the highest reward in the previous iteration. The results show that the solutions are non-trivial and represent quite irregular emergent behavior when the payoff functions are equal or cross each other. Contribution/ Originality
The paper contributes the first logical analysis of borderline N-person games. Economics » Games Review » Month: 06-2015 Issue: 1
A Mixed-Methods Study to Explore Stage of Readiness and Intention of Micro and Small Enterprises to Adopt Mobile Money in Indonesia
Research Article
Author(s):
Journal: International Journal of Business, Economics and Management
The objectives of this study are to understand the stage of readiness of micro and small entrepreneurs to adopt mobile money service, and to explore factors that influence mobile money acceptance in an Indonesia setting. Micro and small enterprises were expected to modify people behaviour, from cash oriented to digital. The authors implemented a mixed-methods study with the qualitative approach was in the first step. The qualitative data were collected in an industrial cluster of traditional batik textile in West Java Province, Indonesia. This first stage of study focussed on current financial transaction methods, attitude on mobile money, and intention to adopt mobile money. Thirty-one entrepreneurs participated in face-to-face interviews. Findings of the qualitative study were illustrated into the proposed model to be examined in the quantitative study. Indicators for the instrument were also taken and adapted from those findings. Furthermore, the quantitative study was conducted in Jakarta, attracting 181 micro and small entrepreneurs with various backgrounds of industries. The quantitative data were analysed using exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses. Four of eleven hypotheses were accepted. This study carried out findings that to predict intention in adopting mobile money, micro and small entrepreneurs were influenced by attitude and social influence whereas attitude was influenced by perceived credibility and perceived and usefulness. Contribution/ Originality
The current work documents behavioural intention relating mobile money among micro and small entrepreneurs in Indonesia using a mixed-methods approach and structural equation modelling for data analysis whereas others predominantly involve customers, using a qualitative approach. Economics » International Journal of Business, Economics and Management » Month: 01-2015 Issue: 1
Attributes Influencing Strategic Alignment in the Service Sector: An Indonesian Banking Sector Case Study
Research Article
Author(s):
Journal: International Journal of Business, Economics and Management
Strategic alignment of manufacturing has been researched for more than four decades while research on service strategic alignment research is scarce. This paper is to explore attributes of strategic alignment in the service sector based on the manufacturing alignment literature modified for the service sector. Through a process of interviews of 14 senior managers in Indonesian banks I have identified new dimensions of service strategic alignment. A significant attribute to emerge which was most important in the context of Indonesian banking was standard operational procedures (SOPs), which ended up being the most important. Contribution/ Originality
This study contributes in the existing literature about an understanding of which attributes of strategic alignment are required to enable a business to achieve world class standing in the service sector. Economics » International Journal of Business, Economics and Management » Month: 03-2015 Issue: 2
Leveraging Telematics for Optimal Fleet Performance
Research Article
Author(s):
Journal: International Journal of Business, Economics and Management
This study aimed at evaluating the effectiveness of a modern fleet management system implemented in Kenya Power & Lighting Company, a utility firm in power distribution to improve the logistics of transporting staff, goods and materials. Fleet operations are increasingly turning to vehicle telematics systems to boost profitability, productivity and operational efficiencies. The vehicle telematics also known as a GPS fleet management system or GPS vehicle tracking system combines a GPS receiver and an electronic GSM device installed in each vehicle, which then communicates with the user and web-based software which provides monitoring of the vehicle location, movements and status of a vehicle or fleet of vehicles. Evidence of companies reducing costs, eliminating inefficiencies and locating lost equipment are making telematics an attractive investment for transport business owners. The study employed the mixed methods research to provide a better understanding of the research problem by use both quantitative and qualitative approach in data collection. The research findings show a positive impact on the delivery of transport services at reduced operational cost after the adoption of the GPS enabled fleet management system in the company transport operations. Contribution/ Originality
The paper’s primary contribution is finding the effect of modern IT solutions on the transport logistics processes and possible improvement in fleet operational performance. This study contributes in the existing literature on real-time IT logistics technology whilst providing the necessary impetus for more research in areas which are not well-researched. Economics » International Journal of Business, Economics and Management » Month: 03-2015 Issue: 2
Study of the Effect of Substitution on Phtalocyanine Based Compounds for Photovoltaic Application
Research Article
Author(s):
Journal: International Journal of Chemistry and Materials Research
The research inorganic solar cell has been developed especially in the last decade and has attracted scientific and economic interest triggered by a rapid increase in power conversion efficiencies. In this work, computational study on the geometries and electronic properties of structures composed of phthalocyanine and zinc phthalocyanine which are substituted by different group PcR and PcZn-R. We presented a theoretical study by using DFT method at B3LYP level with 6-31G (d) basis set. The theoretical knowledge of the HOMO and LUMO energy levels of the components is basic in studying organic solar cells, so, the HOMO, LUMO, Gap energy and the photovoltaic properties of the studied compounds have been calculated. These properties suggest these materials as a good candidate for organic solar cells. Contribution/ Originality
Abstract