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Agent-based simulation was performed for various contribution games. The amount of contribution can be constant or variable and the first few contributions are less, more, or equally important than the last few. We found that the results strongly depend on the participating agents’ personalities. Two types of personalities were investigated: Pavlovian and greedy. Our simple formula (Equation 2) provides valuable information about the outcomes of N-person games for Pavlovian agents. Contribution/ Originality
This study uses a new approach to the study of contribution games and provides new results. Economics » Games Review » Month: 06-2015 Issue: 1
Motivation and Medium of Information Affecting Behavioural Patterns of Film Viewers in Malaysia
This paper is aimed to identify the key factors on behavioural patterns that affect audiences in making decision to watch films by using the techniques in multiple regressions (MR). The success of a country’s film industry is determined by the collaboration between film producers and audiences. Audiences are a major contributor that will determine the success of a film, while producers is the main supplier to provide films to the audiences. Mathematical modelling concept is used in the methodology where two categorical variables, selected after factor analysis, are transformed into dummies. The search for significant factors would involve data cleaning, factor analysis, dummy transformation and four-phase model building. The model-building phases will incorporate the procedures of selecting the best model involving multicollinearity test using the variance-based approach (VIF) below 5. Results revealed that the best model obtained consists of factors on interest, family, friends, the internet and printed medium of posters and brochures which are influential in attracting audiences. This study has therefore extended our knowledge to build bridges between two different fields, that is scientific and non scientific through the concept and methodology of modelling, and consequently, help in advertising and marketing of the film industry by influencing the perceptions of audiences towards cinemas. Contribution/ Originality
This study uses new estimation methodology in Social Sciences where significant factors in real-world problems are identified; in this paper, behavioral patterns of film viewers in Malaysia. The mathematical modelling approach with multicollinearity removals and elimination of insignificant factors, besides other statistical procedures and tests are incorporated for model’s robustness. Social Sciences » Humanities and Social Sciences Letters » Month: 09-2015 Issue: 3
Time Dependent Advection Diffusion Equation in Two Dimensions
In this work, the advection diffusion equation is solved in two dimensional space (x, z) which depends on time using Laplace transform technique to evaluate crosswind integrated of pollutant concentration per emission rate. Two schemes of the eddy diffusivities to get two models (1&2) were applied to evaluate crosswind integrated concentration per emission rate according to boundary layer parameterization. Terabassi et al model was taken as a reference model. Comparison between these two models, reference model and observed data were carried out. The observed Copenhagen data set is composed of SF6 tracer due to dispersion experiments carried out in Northern Copenhagen, 20 minutes averaged measured concentrations were used.One finds all models were inside a factor of two. Model 2 and reference model were better when compared with the observed data than model 1 with respect to NMSE. The two models are better with respect to FB than reference model. All models were good with respect to the correlation coefficient except model 1.Finally, we can conclude that predicted (Cp) crosswind-integrated concentration normalized with the emission source rate for all models were inside a factor of two with observed data (Co). Crosswind- integrated concentration normalized with the emission source rate for all models were good when compared with observed data via downwind distances. Contribution/ Originality
This study contributes in the existing literature with solving the advection diffusion equation in two dimensional spaces (x, z) which depends on time using Laplace transform technique to evaluate crosswind integrated of pollutant concentration per emission rate. Two schemes of the eddy diffusivities to get two models (1&2) were applied to evaluate crosswind integrated concentration per emission rate according to boundary layer parameterization. Terabassi et al model was taken as a reference model. Comparison between these two models, reference model and observed data were carried out. This study uses new modeling proposal for estimation of crosswind-integrated concentration normalized with the emission source rate. Energy & Environmental Sciences » Journal of Atmosphere » Month: 06-2015 Issue: 1
Enhancement of Pyrolysis Yield Distribution and Particulate Emission of Empty Fruit Bunches by Washing Pre-Treatment
Empty fruit bunches (EFB) are treated with distilled water at different washing medium temperature. The effects on the yield distribution of pyrolysis products and its particulate emission released are studied via feedstock behaviours analysis and the effectiveness of washing pre-treatment. Room temperature washing medium is considered as the optimum washing medium condition of pre-treatment in order to provide better qualities of feedstock for pyrolysis work. The feedstock are possessed with minimal weight percentage of ash content, and acquired great amount of volatiles matter and energy value of 87.63 wt% and 18.04 MJ/kg, respectively. Furthermore, yield distribution of EFB pyrolysis products are enhanced to around 40.98 wt% of bio-char, 55.08 wt% of pyrolysis liquid and 3.93 wt% of gas. Particulate emissions of EFB feedstock are described accordingly by three combustion phases of pyrolysis process. The raw/untreated EFB was revealed to release higher amount of particulate emission along the pyrolysis activity as compared to the treated EFB feedstock. Contribution/ Originality
The paper’s primary contribution is finding that the properties of empty fruit bunches are improved by the employment of water washing pre-treatment. Better feedstock behaviours will promoting positive influence towards the yield distribution of pyrolysis products at minimal release of the particulate emission during burning activity. Energy & Environmental Sciences » Journal of Atmosphere » Month: 12-2015 Issue: 2
Effects of Dried Rumen Contents Level in Rations on the Performance of Shugor Desert Sheep in Halfa Elgadeda, Kassala State, Sudan
Twelve Shugor Desert lambs at 9-12 month old and weighing about 25kg were used to study effects of different levels of dried rumen contents in rations on lamb’s performance in Halfa Elgadeda, Kassala State, Sudan. The animals were divided into three groups according to body weight and allocated at random to isonitrogenous and isocaloric rations with 0, 5 or 10% dried rumen contents. They were offered the rations ad lib. in one meal at 8 am. They were allowed a 15 days preliminary period and fattened for 49 days. Barseem (Medicago sativa) was fed once weekly. The data was statistically analyzed according to the completely randomized design. Final BW, daily feed intake, total weight gain and daily weight gain varied among different levels of dried rumen contents in rations, but not significantly (P>0.05). They were highest in animals fed 10% dried rumen contents and least in animals fed no dried rumen contents. Final BW (kg) was 30.27, 31.25 and 31.75 in animals fed 0, 5 and 10% dried rumen contents, respectively. Daily feed intake (kg/day) was 01.20, 01.27 and 01.28, respectively. Total weight gain (kg) was 4.25, 4.63 and 5.75, respectively. Daily weight gain (g) was 150, 165 and 207, respectively. Feed conversion ratio varied among levels of dried rumen contents in rations, but not significantly (P>0.05). It was 8.81, 7.87 and 7.61 in animals fed 0, 5 and 10% dried rumen contents, respectively. Contribution/ Originality
This study is one of very few studies which have investigated the effect of dried rumen content on the performance of shugor lambs. Its primary contribution is finding that dried rumen contents had no negative effects on lambs’ performance and it can be added up to 10% in the rations. Agricultural Sciences » Animal Review » Month: 12-2015 Issue: 4
Comparative Study of Transmission Line and Cavity Model of Rectangular Microstrip Antenna
Research Article
Author(s):
Journal: International Journal of Natural Sciences Research
In this paper a comparative study is carried out to estimate the performance of transmission line and cavity models of rectangular microstrip antenna mounted on six dielectric substrate materials with variable substrate heights. An artificial intelligence technique, namely: MATLAB based Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System is used to optimize the length and width of the antenna. Random data sets are generated and experimental data are used to carry out the optimization of various antenna parameters to cover almost entire cellular spectrum. With operating frequency of 2.1GHz, we analyze the bandwidth of the antenna of both the models. The simulation results predict that the cavity model of rectangular microstrip antenna perform well over transmission line model with thick substrate while transmission line model is better at low dielectric constant and thin substrate. Contribution/ Originality
The manuscript is the outcome of original research work carried out by the authors Engineering » International Journal of Natural Sciences Research » Month: 06-2015 Issue: 6
Synthesis and Antibacterial Evaluation of 5-{(E)-[4-(2”,5”-Dioxo-2”,5”-Dihydro-1h-Pyrrol-1-Yl)Phenyl]Diazenyl-2-Methyl-N3-Phenyl-3-Thiophenecarboxamide Analogues
Research Article
Author(s):
Journal: International Journal of Chemistry and Materials Research
A series of thiophene-carboxamide analogues (1a-c) were synthesized by incorporating N-phenylmaleimide and 5-amino-4-substituted-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-2-methyl-3-thiophenecarboxamide and their structures were assigned by studying their spectral data. The synthesised compounds were tested against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli using agar-in-well diffusion and broth micro dilution methods. The zone of inhibition values ranged from 20 – 24 mm against the two test organisms for all the compounds tested (1a-c). The result of the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) showed that all the test compounds inhibited and completely killed S. aureus and E. coli at a concentration range of 0.63 – 2.50 µg/mL and .031 – 2.50 µg/mL respectively. The MBC value of compound 1a was the same as that of the standard drug (ciprofloxacin) used on E. coli (0.63 mg/mL) and S. aureus (0.25 µg/mL). Contribution/ Originality
This study contributes in the existing literature, some new thiophene-carboxamide derivatives and their antibacterial activities. Chemistry & Materials Sciences » International Journal of Chemistry and Materials Research » Month: 07-2015 Issue: 7
An Analysis of Purchase Behavior of Generation Y in Kenya
Research Article
Author(s):
Journal: International Journal of Business, Economics and Management
Due to the unique buying behavior of Generation Y, it has become a target of research in developed and emerging markets. This is because, Generation Y comprises of a large demographic segment of consumers with high spending power. Despite this, the buying behavior of Generation Y is not well understood in Kenya. The buying behaviors of Generation Y in developed and emerging markets cannot be applied in developing countries like Kenya, given that factors considered important by Kenya’s Generation Y when making purchase decisions might be different from those in emerging and developed markets. The purpose of this study was to analyze the factors considered important when generation Y in Kenya is making a purchase decision. This knowledge is important because it could influence the marketing strategies of manufacturing firms in Kenyan market. A random sample 1000 generation Y individuals was used, and their feelings about importance of each factor was rated using a Likert scale. Interviews were conducted using a structured questionnaire, and data was analyzed using descriptive statistics. Results indicated that generation Y in Kenya considers quality, price and durability of the product, efficiency and performance of brand, discounts offered and the company when selecting products/brands. The results further indicated that Generation Y got information when making purchase decision from testing and using the product (experience), friends and internet. It was also evident that respondents will recommend the same brand/product to another person and they make a repeat purchase of the same brand when satisfied after using a product. When dissatisfied with a product/service purchased, most of Generation Y consumers will switch to another brand and grumble to friends and relatives. Generation Y in Kenya considers investing in a business, buying a mobile phone and buying a laptop when they have extra cash as very important. Contribution/ Originality
This study is one of the few studies which have investigated generation Y purchase behavior. For the first time, factors important to Generation Y purchase behavior in Kenya have been brought out. A part from the mean, standard deviation was computed to show the difference of importance of factors. Economics » International Journal of Business, Economics and Management » Month: 07-2015 Issue: 7
Self-Concept as a Correlate of Secondary School Students Academic Performance in Mathematics
Research Article
Author(s):
Journal: International Journal of Education and Practice
This study investigated self-concept as a correlate of the academic performance of Secondary School Students in Mathematics in Edo North Senatorial districts of Edo State. The purpose of the study was to determine the extent that self-concept explained students’ academic performance in mathematics. The population consisted of 3,000 SS1 students of which the multi stage random sampling procedure was used to locate a sample size of 600 students. Data collected with the aid of a 20 item self-concept questionnaire (SCQ) was analysed using multiple Regression. The results show that self-concept had positive correlation with students’ academic performance in mathematics. Based on the findings some recommendations were made. Contribution/ Originality
Internet can provide service with speedy, timely and also convenient to customer and meet customer’s needs. In this research, we can provide more details on youth market’ needs and try to overcome it. When the internet banking service is rapidly develop in recent years, competitive among banks in providing internet banking service is keep increasing. Banks are trying hard to serve better service to gain advantages. Among all age of customers, youngster is the most potential customer for banks because they are potential customer in the future. Beside, their perceived internet banking service is faster compare to older generation. Contribution/ Originality
This study is one of the few studies which have been investigated and will give positive influence on young consumers’ intention to use Internet banking. Hence, bank practitioners should focus on increasing usefulness of Internet banking system and bankers could take into account the stimulation of youth market for internet banking service. Business & Management » International Journal of Management and Sustainability » Month: 08-2015 Issue: 8
Dynamic Analysis of Competitive Technology Innovation Diffusion Model
Technological innovation diffusion theory and models play an important position in the forecasting field. Many researchers use these models to predict in different areas. Although the basic Bass model easy to use, but there are many limitations, the effects of Bass diffusion model for innovation diffusion factors (such as price, advertising, income, and technology supply) cannot measure. In order to find the principles of the relationships between innovations and the importance of the affection on the active of an innovation, this paper reviews the application of innovation diffusion models in the field of demand forecasting, through summarizing and analyzing a variety of predication models. Competitive innovation diffusion model include of monopolistic competition in a technology diffusion models and the evolution of the coexistence of two technologies competing diffusion evolution model. Under the aim of this paper, it uses mathematical methods in-depth analysis of competition, technological innovation diffusion models. This mathematical method includes nonlinear equilibrium point, stability analysis. Through the asymmetric evolutionary stability analysis, the paper derived the long-term evolutionary stable equilibrium of the innovation. Finally, the paper gives some suggestions on how to strength the competitive technology innovation in diffusion model. Contribution/ Originality
The paper’s primary contribution is the establishment of a competitive technological innovation diffusion model base on Bass model. It has built monopoly competitive diffusion model, the coexistence of two technologies competing diffusion model and lemma and theorem to solve this nonlinear equilibrium point. Economics » Games Review » Month: 12-2015 Issue: 2
Bioaccumulation of Hydrocarbon, Heavy Metals and Minerals in Tympanotonus Fuscatus from Coastal Region of Bayelsa State, Nigeria
Research Article
Author(s):
Journal: International Journal of Hydrology Research
Tympanotonus fuscatus is found in mangrove swamps of the coastal region of the Niger Delta Nigeria. It’s a source of protein, hence is used in the preparation of delicacies. This study investigated the bioaccumulation of hydrocarbon and heavy metals and minerals in T. fuscatus var radula and T. fuscatus var fuscatus from the brackish coastal region of Bayelsa state, Nigeria. Standard analytical methods were employed. Results showed that the concentration of the metals and hydrocarbon were highest in the shell. The concentration of calcium, magnesium, nickel, cadmium, chromium, mercury and total hydrocarbon content ranged from 10.717-14.533 mg/kg, 6.447 - 8.800mg/kg, 0.048- 0.823mg/kg, 0.010 - 0.036 mg/kg, 0.020- 0.023 mg/kg, 0.001 - 0.002 mg/kg and 0.060 - 0.767 mg/kg respectively. There was a significant difference (P<0.05) in the concentration of metals and hydrocarbon between the two varieties. The concentration of cadmium and mercury were below the limit to cause diseases as reported by the World Health Organization. Similarly the concentrations of nickel, chromium and hydrocarbon in the tissue were also low. High concentration of magnesium and calcium indicated their potential for health benefits. Furthermore, the high concentration of heavy metals and hydrocarbon in the shell of both species also suggested their potentials for bioremediation for such toxicants in the aquatic ecosystem. Contribution/ Originality
This study documents bioaccumulation of heavy metals, minerals and hydrocarbon on the tissue and shell of two varieties of Tympanotonus fuscatus from brackish coastal region of Bayelsa state, Nigeria. Agricultural Sciences » International Journal of Hydrology Research » Month: 03-2016 Issue: 1
Pollution Free Chemical Reactions in a Fluidized Bed
Emission of Green House Gases (GHG) and other industrial pollutants like CO2, SO2 , NOx is one of the major issues in industrial sectors.This analysis report concludes that control of these gases is especially important using gasification technology to reduce both CO2 and non-CO2 greenhouse gases. Coal gasification found to have some environmental benefits relative to conventional mining including like reduced sulfur emissions, reduced discharge of ash, Hg and tar, and the additional benefit of carbon capture and sequestration. Gasification of carbonaceous industrial residues will contribute to both electricity and thermal applications in gas and oil industry. Fluidized bed gasification system facilitates Gas-solids reactions, catalytic and non-catalytic reactions, drying and in petroleum industries for hydrocarbon cracking and reforming. The objective of present work is to make a note on the critical importance of gasification techniques and gaseous product with controlled emission to safeguard the atmosphere. Contribution/ Originality
This study originates an environment-friendly and sustainable solution to power crisis. This paper contributes the analysis of reduction of atmospheric pollutants when gasifying fossil fuels rather than direct combustion. The Papers primary contribution focus to prevent the emission of GHG, other industrial pollutants like CO2, NOx into atmosphere. This study is one of very few studies which have investigated the gaseous emission using different fuels. Energy & Environmental Sciences » Journal of Atmosphere » Month: 12-2015 Issue: 2
The Importance of Clinical Genotype in Patients with Klinefelter Syndrome. A Genetic Disorder Asociated to Taurodontism
Taurodontism is a clinical condition found in the molar teeth of humans whereby the body of the tooth and pulp chamber is enlarged vertically at the expense of the roots. As a result, the floor of the pulp and the furcation of the tooth is moved apically down the root. It is due to the failure or late invagination of Hertwig’s epithelial root sheath, which is responsible for root formation and shaping causing an apical shift of the root furcation. The constriction at the amelocemental junction is abnormally formed. Taurodontism is most commonly found in permanent dentition although the term is traditionally applied to molar teeth. It has been reported that taurodontism follows an autosomal dominant type of inheritance. Meanwhile, Mutations or chromosome aberrations are considered alterations in the chromosome number or structure. They are mainly considered due to gametogenesis inborn error at meiosis, where DNA loses are seen due to DNA repair processes deficiency. Some chromosome studies were performed were 34.6% (1596 patients) showed different chromosome alterations. Among the studies population, male and female pediatric patients with sexual genetic diseases were chosen. These chromosome changes are classified as numeric or structural alterations, respectively. A wide variety of pediatric patients with genetic diseases chromosome alterations are described in this study analyzing their clinical characteristics, medical, surgical treatments and their clinical evolution according to the genetic disease. Contribution/ Originality
This study contributes in the existing literature the relation of a well known genetic syndrome as klinefelter, a sexual chromosome alteration (47, XXY) and pediatric patients with taurodontism, an oral situation with teeth roots that grow crookedly with very huge teeth, likened to a bull. Medical Sciences » Journal of Diseases » Month: 06-2015 Issue: 2
Contactless bank cards have been issued steadily to banking customers over the past four years and this trend has continued to grow rapidly more recently. We want to highlight a list of security issues as well as privacy threats to be concerned with when using such contactless bank cards. Further advances in smartphone technology applications can lead to new threats in relation to contactless bank cards. This study contributes to the literature as it highlights data protection issues in Ireland and also highlights the major push by authorities to adopt a cashless banking society which could potentially lead to further data protection problems in Ireland. Contribution/ Originality
This study is one of very few studies which have investigated the potential security issues facing customers in Ireland who use contactless bank cards. The study documents many security concerns and offers definitions and examples of relatively new terms. Computer Sciences » Journal of Information » Month: 12-2015 Issue: 2
A Review on the Use of Moxifloxacin in Multidrug Resistant Tuberculosis
The first line anti-tuberculosis drugs have shown an increasing prevalence of resistance. The higher incidence of TB has led to stronger requirements of other therapies apart from the World Health Organisation recommended Directly Observed Therapy in Short course (DOTS). New drugs highly effective against Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) could enhance the treatment of cases with resistance to first line drugs (isoniazid and rifampicin) and may curtail the extent of present regular regimes. Fluoroquinolones are reasonably effective against Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB). They have been used as alternative for some present first-line drugs such as Isoniazid, and have been efficient even in Multi Drug Resistant Tuberculosis. These efforts must be further enhanced to ensure ultimate success in discovering, developing, and delivering drastically improved therapies for tuberculosis patients. Contribution/ Originality
The paper’s primary contribution is finding that Moxifloxacin may curtail the time duration and adverse events in the case of multi drug resistant tuberculosis. Medical Sciences » Genes Review » Month: 12-2015 Issue: 2
Anti-Proliferative Effect of Asiatic Acid on Hep-G2 Cell Line
Asiatic acid (AA) is a pentacyclic triterpene in the leaf of the plant Centella asiatica (CA) is known to inhibit proliferation and induce apoptosis in several tumor cell lines. Plants are playing a significant role in human life as food, shelter and stability of the ecosystem. Most importantly to humans, it is currently estimated that 50% of all drugs in clinical use has been derived from natural products and at least 25% of all prescription drugs contain ingredients extracted from plants. In the present study, the antiproliferative activity of various concentrations (10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60 µg/ml) of AA, a active principle of CA, on human Hep G2 liver cell lines (untreated and treated) was determined by the MTT assay based on the detection of mitochondrial dehydrogenase activity in living cells. The study reveals that the AA effectively inhibits the growth of cancer cells in concentration dependent manner and at a high of 85 % at the concentration of 50µg/ml. Contribution/ Originality
Big Data predicts outcomes and has great impacts on knowledge discovery and value creation. It can be used to fight against terrorism and enhance Homeland Security by providing accurate predictions and patterns of terrorist activities. This paper introduces some methods and technologies used in Homeland Security. They are: biometrics, radio frequency identification (RFID), data mining, cloud computing, and Big Data. Big Data applications in Homeland Security are presented. These applications include Big Data in general security and public safety, crime prediction and aviation security, disasters, and cybersecurity and cyber defense. Big Data challenges in security are also discussed. Contribution/ Originality
This study contributes in the existing literature and presents technology progress and applications of Big Data in Homeland Security, especially in cybersecurity and cyber defense. Computer Sciences » Journal of Information » Month: 12-2015 Issue: 2
E-Marketing and Survival of Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) in Uganda, A Study of Northern Uganda
Research Article
Author(s):
Journal: International Journal of Management and Sustainability
This study examined the relationship between e-marketing and Survival of Micro Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) in Uganda, with particular emphasis to Northern Uganda. The study objectives were; to examine the relationship between e-marketing and MSMEs survival, to analyze the effect of different e-marketing services on MSMEs survival, investigate the effect of e-marketing performance on MSMEs survival and to determine the moderating effect of marketing innovations on the relationship between e-marketing and MSMEs survival. The study was based on the frequent media reports and the researcher’s experience over low survival rate of MSMEs. Several reports indicated that MSMEs in Northern Uganda do not live to see their first birthday and for almost every 35% of the MSMEs that close, about 37% start new businesses again. The study used a cross sectional descriptive design where both qualitative and quantitative methods were employed. A total of 175 respondents were sampled from a population of 322 including Micro, small and Medium Enterprises owners, Managers and District officials. Using a combination of self-administered questionnaires and interview guides for District officials, results shows that there is perfect relationship between e-marketing and MSMEs survival. The findings also indicate that different e-marketing services affect MSMEs survival significantly. Further, the study indicated that e-marketing performance affects MSMEs survival greatly. The study concludes that marketing innovations acts as an important moderator in the relationship between e-marketing and MSMEs survival. The study recommended that MSMEs owners and Managers should increase the use of e-marketing services in their enterprises to enable them survive and be competitive. This can be done through business website development, frequent internet use, social network, computer use, and Search engine optimization. The researcher also recommended that MSMEs owners / Managers should not overuse word of mouth in their businesses as it does not promote business survival. Word of mouth should only be used in few situations, when it is absolutely imperative, such situations can be where customers are illiterate of e-marketing services. MSMEs owners and Managers were also advised to properly train in e-marketing services and be committed in using what they have learnt so as to encourage their customers in using e-marketing. Contribution/ Originality
This study is one of the very few studies which have investigated e-marketing and MSMEs survival in Uganda. The paper contributes the first logical analysis for empirical findings, thus leading to MSMEs specific policy implications rather than the general policy recommendations found in the existing literature for MSMEs survival. Business & Management » International Journal of Management and Sustainability » Month: 09-2015 Issue: 9
Prevalence and Management of Some Surgical Affection in Cattle and Buffaloes at Qena Governorate in Field Situation
Research Article
Author(s):
Journal: International Journal of Veterinary Sciences Research
Surgical affections in cattle and buffaloes are commonly encountered in different areas all over the world. The aim of the present study was to state the prevalence and different management of some surgical affections in cattle and buffaloes. The study was carried out on 406 animals suffering from different surgical affection recorded at different locations at Qena governorate. All cases were subjected to full study including case history and clinical examination. In addition, medical and/or surgical treatment was applied according to the routine manoeuvres in the available literatures. Results revealed that 11 groups of surgical affections were recorded. 72.66% of cases can be medically and/or surgically corrected. 7.88% of cases were referred to specialized veterinary hospital and 16.5% were left without treatment. A small number of cases (2.96%) were culled and directed to the slaughter house. Contribution/ Originality
This study contributes by way of investigation of the prevalence and different management of some surgical affections in cattle and buffaloes. This study documents that there are 11 groups of surgical affections in cattle and buffaloes and most of these affections (72.66%) can be medically and/or surgically corrected. Agricultural Sciences » International Journal of Veterinary Sciences Research » Month: 12-2015 Issue: 4
Abstract