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The phosphors of CaAl2O4: Eu2+, Dy3+ with varying concentrations were synthesized by combustion method. The monoclinic single phase structure of CaAl2O4 was investigated by X-ray diffraction. The emission spectra of phosphors had a broad band with maximum at 444 nm due to electron transition from the 4f65d1 to the 4f7 of Eu2+ ion and a small peak at 575 nm due to 4F9/2 6H13/2 transition of Dy3+ ions. The excitation spectra and the decay time of phosphors were investigated also. The phosphors of CaAl2O4: Eu2+, Dy3+ had long persistence luminescence. In these phosphors, Eu2+ ions play the role of activators. Whereas, Dy3+ ions generate the hole traps that lead to the long persistent phosphorescence and act as the activators in the phosphors simultaneously. The concentration of Dy3+ ion co-doped has strong influence on the luminescence of phosphor. Contribution/ Originality
In this paper, we determine the Randic index and edge eccentric connectivity index of fan molecular graph, wheel molecular graph, gear fan molecular graph, gear wheel molecular graph, and their r-corona molecular graphs. Contribution/ Originality
This study was conducted to evaluate the production of corn as affected by Bio – N inoculant with the different levels of fertilizers fertilization at Maglambing Tagbina, Surigao del Sur during wet/rainy season. Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with five (5) treatments and three (3) replications was applied. The treatments were: T1 Bio – N inoculant, T2 Bio – N + Farmer’s Practice, T3 Bio N + ½ Recommended Rate (RR), T4 Bio N + Recommended Rate (RR) + Organic Fertilizer, T 5 Bio N + Recommended Rate (RR). Results showed that treatment 3 or the application of Bio –N combined with half of the recommended rate of fertilizers obtained a significant result in terms of ear length, ear weight and grain yield of corn. Treatment 3 Bio – N + ½ Recommended Rate of fertilizer recorded the most promising combination of fertilizer as it optimized corn production during wet/rainy season. Contribution/ Originality
The experiment was conducted on “Cobb 500” broiler chicks to evaluate the effect of enzymes and methionine supplementation on body weight gain, some hematological parameters (TEC, Hb content, PCV and ESR) and some biochemical parameters (AST and ALT). A total of twenty days old broilers were randomly divided into four equal groups (5×4) as A, B, C and D. Group A was considered as control, fed only with commercial ration, and other (B, C and D) were treated as treatment group, as group B with 1 gm enzymes per liter of drinking water, group C with 1 ml methionine per liter of drinking water and in group D 1 gm enzyme plus 1 ml methionine per liter of drinking water respectively from 0 to 21 days of experiment. It was observed that enzymes and methionine supplementation significantly (P<0.01) increased body. TEC and Hb content increased significantly (p<0.01) in the treated groups as compared to that of control group. ESR, AST and ALT values decreased significantly (p<0.01) in the treated groups from that of the control groups. Therefore, it may be concluded that enzymes and methionine may be used with water to get best result in terms of body weight gain and blood profiles without any detrimental effects on broilers. Contribution/ Originality
The study is one of very few studies which have investigated the beneficial effects of methionine and enzyme for broiler industry. Chemistry & Materials Sciences » Journal of Minerals and Materials Research » Month: 03-2014 Issue: 1
Evaluation of Field Pea (Pisum Sativum L) Genotypes Performance for Yield and Yield Components at Five Growing Environments of Southern Ethiopia
Research Article
Author(s):
Yasin Goa, Mathewos Ashamo
Journal: Current Research in Agricultural Sciences
Field experiments consisting of 24 field pea genotypes were evaluated for performance and correlation of yield and its components in five locations of Southern region, Ethiopia using a randomized complete block design with three replications during 2006/07. Data on some agronomical traits such as number of pods per plant, number of seeds per plant, number of seeds per pod, Harvest index, 100 seed weight, plant height, biological yield, and seed yield were recorded. Significant difference was observed in all locations among the field pea genotypes for grain yield. The top mean grain yield (2659 kg ha-1) over the locations was achieved by the genotype Gume followed by Milky (2625 kg ha-1), FpEx-Dz (2511 kg ha-1) and Weyyetu (2460 kg ha-1). Among the test locations maximum mean grain yield was produced at Angacha (3801.98 kg ha-1) followed by Hossana (2087.93 kg ha-1), Freeze (1734.96 t ha-1) and Waka (1428.8 kg ha-1). The mean seed yield and positive environmental indices value of the present study corroborated that Angacha was found to be a favourable environment for the majority of field pea genotypes. Combined analysis of variance (ANOVA) Genotype environment interaction (GEI) was highly significant for all traits of the study though; Markos, IG-51890 and IG-51700 identified to be stable for more than one trait and officially released variety should be demonstrated on farm for acceptability and two ‘pipe line ‘genotypes namely IG-51890 and IG-51700 for further evaluation in diverse environments of south Ethiopia. Strong positive correlation of number of seeds per plant, number of pods per plant, harvest index, biological yield and plant height with seed yield indicates that these traits should be used as selection criteria to improve grain yield. Contribution/ Originality
The study with the objective of releasing new varieties from promising field pea genotypes and demonstrating the commercial cultivars for growing areas of southern region, Ethiopia. Agricultural Sciences » Current Research in Agricultural Sciences » Month: 09-2014 Issue: 3
Food Safety Knowledge, Attitude and Associated Factors of Food Handlers Working in Substandard Food Establishments in Gondar Town, Northwest Ethiopia, 2013/14
Research Article
Author(s):
Zemichael Gizaw, Mulat Gebrehiwot, Zinabu Teka
Journal: International Journal of Medical and Health Sciences Research
Introduction: Food safety is an increasingly important public health issue to prevent food borne illnesses. The global incidence of food borne disease is difficult to estimate, but it has been reported that 2.1 million people died each year from diarrheal diseases attributed to contamination of food and drinking water.Objective: This study was conducted to assess food safety knowledge, attitude and associated factors of food handlers working in substandard food establishments of Gondar town, Northwest Ethiopia, 2013/14.Methods: Cross sectional study design was used. Four hundred three food handlers were taken randomly as study subjects and data were collected by face to face interview. Ordinal logistic regression model was fitted to analyze the predictor variables.Results: The overall level of food safety knowledge (high level - 47.40%, moderate level- 41.70% and low level - 10.90%) and attitude (positive - 31.80%, neutral - 65% and negative - 3.20%) were reported. Among the food handlers who had moderate or high level knowledge, only 85 (23.68%) of the handlers had deep knowledge and the rest have superficial knowledge.Educational status, food safety information, feedback from consumers, supervision by manager, food hygiene and safety training and attitude were identified as predictor variables of knowledge. Attitude was not statistically associated with any of the predictor variables. This is because of the aggregation of respondents in one categorical variable and hence, the analysis did not pass the assumption of ordinal and multinomial logistic regression.Conclusion: Compared to other similar studies, Low level of food safety knowledge and attitude were reported. Among the food handlers who had moderate or high level knowledge, the highest proportion of food handlers had superficial knowledge. Contribution/ Originality
This study is one of very few studies which have investigated the level of food safety knowledge and attitude and associated factors among food handlers. Therefore, this study can contribute as base line information for implementing food borne diseases prevention and control strategies and an input for policy makers. Medical Sciences » International Journal of Medical and Health Sciences Research » Month: 04-2014 Issue: 4
An Essay on the Political Economy of Fiscal Policy Making in Pakistan
Research Article
Author(s):
Manzoor Ahmed, Khalid Khan
Journal: International Journal of Business, Economics and Management
This paper investigates the political economy of fiscal policy making in Pakistan, and analyses the key political and economic factors that potentially affect the fiscal policy making and its implementation. The paper argues that the role of the state institutions is paramount for economic growth and social development in Pakistan. While reviewing the trends of public expenditures and revenue the paper shows that the performance of the economy on average has not been abysmal though social development remained poor in terms of pervasive poverty and income inequality in spite of having a big public sector. The paper figures that the key reason of this contrast is the political economy structure of Pakistan, particularly the fiscal policy, which is largely designed to promote and protect the vested interests of an elite group and dominant province(s) within the federation. Finally, while explaining the key participants of fiscal policy making the paper argues that the military as a strong institution plays a primary role, albeit in uncoordinated and authoritarian manner, to reorient the fiscal policy in order to safeguard and promote its institutional interest by directing disproportionately excessive public resources at the expense of greater social and economic development of Pakistan. Contribution/ Originality
Contracting out, as an economic policy instrument, began to gain attractiveness in both developed and developing countries following the apparent successful results in United Kingdom and United States. The rhythm of contracting out in Sub-Saharan Africa has increased in order to enhance service delivery. The purpose of this study is to give a critical review of the theoretical framework of contracting out. The specific objectives include: to examine major extant and/or evolving contracting out theoretical paradigms and their relevance to the public sector management; challenges encountered in contracting out and factors influencing successful contracting out. The review discusses gaps in the literature and the directions in which future studies may address these gaps. Contribution/ Originality
The paper critically reviewed the contracting out theoretical framework specifically focusing on the strengths and weaknesses of each theory. The gaps in the literature were indentified and the directions future studies should address were outlined. The institutional and capacity issues have been identified. It also exposed the critical need for capacity within the government to develop and monitor contracts. Economics » International Journal of Public Policy and Administration Research » Month: 06-2014 Issue: 2
Key Challenges of Work-Based Learning Application in Teaching and Learning Strategies for Accounting Programs
Research Article
Author(s):
Zuraeda IBRAHIM, Nur Ashikin ISHAK, Zafiruddin BAHARUM, Noorlaila GHAZALI, Rozainun Hj AB. AZIZ
Journal: International Journal of Education and Practice
Malaysian Institutions of Higher Learning (IHLs) are expected to provide effective and innovative teaching and learning practices. Academics are to be of high quality and equipped with vital knowledge and skills to assist the IHLs in producing holistic and work-ready graduates. In order to meet these expectations, the implementation of a work-based learning (WBL) strategy is a possible significant learning strategy. However, obstacles and challenges accompany any implementation process. Hence, the purpose of this study is to identify and understand the key challenges faced by a group of academics who have incorporated a work-based learning (WBL) strategy into their teaching and learning activities. In an attempt to reach an inductive conclusion, the researchers used observations as main research strategy, supported with indirect oral interviews as additional sources of evidence. The research processes observed those people who were directly or indirectly involved in implementation of WBL at the Teaching Accountancy Firm Salihin – UiTM, Faculty of Accountancy, Universiti Teknologi MARA. Their observations and indirect oral interviews regarding the WBL implementation started on 1 March 2017, and data gathering processes were conducted during the first half of the second year of the WBL implementation. The main findings revealed that academic acceptance, industries’ acceptance, operationalization, and talent are the key challenges faced by participants. In conclusion, smooth and effective implementation of the WBL can be achieved if these four key challenges can be resolved in advance.
Contribution/ Originality
The findings of this study contribute significantly to the development of knowledge in the field of accounting education, and will benefit other institutions of higher learning that may be planning to adopt WBL as a Teaching and Learning (T&L) strategy. Additionally, the findings constitute new knowledge and do not simply confirm previous findings; therefore this new knowledge would prove useful for understanding problematic intangibles. Arts and Education » International Journal of Education and Practice » Month: 04-2019 Issue: 4
National Urban Development Policy and the Unanswered Development Question of Slum in Nigeria
Research Article
Author(s):
Salisu Ojonemi PAUL
Journal: International Journal of Public Policy and Administration Research
Urbanization itself is not a curse if positively managed. This is due to the current fact that there is a fundamental debate that the mobilization of human resources is critical and unavoidable for the political, socio-economic and technological transformation of any nation. Though successive governments in Nigeria have initiated the National Urban Development Policy however, the reverse is the case because the swelled urban towns and cities’ government have not made decisive efforts to meet the development demands of the city overflow which is referred to as “urban slum” that has created a sharp gap between the urban wealthy and urban poor. This paper, therefore, adopted the content analysis and Poverty-Focused Intervention Approach to analyze its major arguments. Hence, through primary and secondary data, the study presented some findings and recommendations. The research concluded with campaigns for efficient, inclusive and sustainable development of all settings of the urban sector in Nigeria. Contribution/ Originality
This study contributes to the existing literature by the pictorial exposition of the absence of impactful implementation of National Urban Development Policy in Nigeria resulting in –perpetual overcrowding, poor environmental management, inadequate critical infrastructure, poor supervision and abandonment of development projects, and the explosion of road-side-marketing by the slum occupants. Economics » International Journal of Public Policy and Administration Research » Month: 06-2019 Issue: 2
Rate of Return Would Not Increase To the Extent of Annuity Saving Discount
This note demonstrates that when there is a discount on uniform cash flow, the rate of return would not increase to the extent of the discount. The extent to which the rate of return would increase depends on the investment horizon. Contribution/ Originality
The relationship between annuity and rate of return had been well developed. The paper’s primary contribution is to provide the effect of the annual saving discount on the rate of return. Economics » The Economics and Finance Letters » Month: 04-2014 Issue: 4
The Inclination of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) Students towards Entrepreneurship
Research Article
Author(s):
Mior Nasir Mior Nazri, Zarinah Hamid, Herna Muslim
Journal: International Journal of Management and Sustainability
The lack of innovation in human capital in terms of quality and quantity as well as the significant brain drain has retarded the progress of Malaysia towards becoming a developed country by 2020. In view of this situation, the Ministry of Higher Education (MoHE) of Malaysia has assigned the National Coordination Taskforce for Innovation (NCTI) to develop an innovative human capital (IHC) at tertiary level. One of the key elements in the IHC implementation plan is to enhance the entrepreneurial skills through education. The objective of this study is to investigate the perception and reception of non-business students on entrepreneurship education at the Faculty of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) of International Islamic University Malaysia (IIUM). It examines the level of students’ inclination towards becoming entrepreneurs and their interest to learn entrepreneurial skills. The survey utilizes 96 usable responses of third and fourth year students from the faculty. The primary data consists of a set of survey questionnaires which include entrepreneurial intention, attitude towards entrepreneurship, subjective norms of entrepreneurship, perceived behavioral control over entrepreneurship, the influence of faculty on entrepreneurial behavior and the entrepreneurship learning propensity. It provides some insights on the factors influencing ICT students to venture into entrepreneurship. It also suggests measures on the importance of graduates to become successful entrepreneurs and be less dependent on employers. Contribution/ Originality
Various programs under the Minister of Higher Education (MOHE) of Malaysia have been implemented to attract more students’ involvement in entrepreneurship, yet the participation is still low especially from non-business students. Therefore, the reason of conducting this study is to identify the inclination of non-business students in IIUM towards entrepreneurship. It will help give awareness to the government and educational institutions on the factors that influence the students’ self-employment and subsequently encourage the participation of students, especially non-business students to be involved in entrepreneurship. In fact, a new curriculum policy and resources which fit the needs of future entrepreneurs could be planned in order for entrepreneurship education to be disseminated throughout college campuses. Compared to previous studies which concentrate on Business students, the scope of respondents in this study covers the technical field students in the Faculty of Information and Communication Technology. Business & Management » International Journal of Management and Sustainability » Month: 08-2014 Issue: 8
Ingold, Tim. Being Alive, Essays on Movement, Knowledge and Description. 2011. London, Routledge
Trace metals content in water, fishes (Tilapia mariae, Clarias gariepinus), earthworm (Libydrius violaceous) and sediment were determined from Ubeji River using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS). Metals determined were lead, cadmium, zinc, mercury, arsenic, copper and Iron. The results obtained revealed that all the metals were detected. Also, there were variations in metal levels in the samples. Highest Zn level was obtained in all the samples analysed (0.284ppm and 0.284ppm in water, 24.0mg/kg in Clarias gariepinus, 28.8mg/kg in Tilapia mariae, 1.16mg/kg in earthworm and 0.64mg/kg in sediment). The concentrations of trace metals obtained in this study are found to be dangerous. The metal levels in water from Ubeji River are higher than the WHO/FEPA standards for water quality. The concentrations of lead, zinc and copper obtained in the whole body of fishes exceeded the WHO/FEPA set standards for aquatic life. The presence of trace metals found in the sample from Ubeji River is attributed to the proximity of petroleum activity, construction works and other allied companies. Contribution/ Originality
This study contributes to the existing knowledge of trace metals in the aquatic ecosystem. It helps resource managers to identify the pollution problems in freshwater bodies and also measure accurately the health status of the water body. Physical Sciences » International Journal of Advances in Life Science and Technology » Month: 03-2014 Issue: 1
Numerical Modeling of Wires Incorporation Response Applied To a Concealed Cable
Research Article
Author(s):
Journal: International Journal of Sustainable Energy and Environmental Research
In recent years hoisting ropes have been increasingly used for construction of complex structures: tall buildings, bridges and far-reaching platform for oil drilling, nuclear plants, etc. These structures have complex geometry and subjected to environmental loads, and operation which can cause to material many conditions beyond its elastic limit, and created a need to better understand of metal-based cables behavior.For these situations, conventional methods of calculation or those given the current regulations are not sufficient to give a reliable representation of load-displacement relationship, state of deterioration, resistance and failure mode of structures. The quantification of these phenomena aims to design and build those equipments in safe, economic, sustainable methods and must be made by means of numerical methods, including the finite element one.Although it is possible to establish a model without considering the effects which can allow a microscopic level, however, they are many determinants of mechanical response of cable factors. That is why their knowledge will be of great interest for modeling the behavior of materials. We therefore mention mechanical behavior of cables with the fundamental relation of damage which will be used for modeling the stress-strain relationship.The present work falls within this context, our goal is to develop a behavior model for the lifting cables, designed for the calculation of structures by numerical methods in trying to incorporate most of the factors with their non- response linear behavior. Contribution/ Originality
Cadmium oxide (CdO) thin films were deposited from starting solutions having different values of solvent volume (30 – 60 ml) by employing a simplified spray technique using perfume atomizer. X-ray diffraction studies showed that all the films exhibit cubic structure with preferential orientation along the (1 1 1) plane. The crystallinity increases as the solvent volume increases. Film coated with 60 ml solvent volume has minimum value of strain (3.972 x 10-3) and dislocation density (1.062 x 1015 lines/m2) which confirm the improved crystallinity of that film. The sheet resistance (Rsh) of the film coated with 30 ml solvent volume was found to be minimum (14.69 x 103 ohm/sq.) and there was a sharp increase in Rsh for higher values of solvent volume. The Energy dispersive X-ray analysis confirms that the number of oxygen vacancies governs the electrical resistivity of the CdO films. The films were found to have good optical characteristics which make them suitable for optoelectronic devices. Contribution/ Originality
This study is one of very few studies which have investigated CdO thin films based on solvent volume. The paper contributes the first logical analysis on CdO thin films based on solvent volume. This study documents the effect of solvent volume on some physical properties of CdO thin films. Chemistry & Materials Sciences » International Journal of Chemistry and Materials Research » Month: 09-2014 Issue: 9
Problems of Mechanized Tunneling In Gassy Ground Conditions a Case Study: Nousoud Water Transmission Tunnel
Current advances in science, followed by development of excavation equipments technology resulted in growth of tunnelling projects for different purposes. In spite of conducting exploratory studies prior to these projects, in some cases due to of impassable paths, the studies are limited to certain areas. Hence, during geotechnical studies, it is possible that all problems facing tunnelling not be detected. Therefore, lack of awareness of these conditions can result in a lack of proper planning and consequently lead to problems during the projects. Due to the lack of knowledge and consequently not predicting and planning the projects, drilling of the second sector of Nousoud water transmission tunnel, -26 km long- has been faced with many problems including emission of hydrogen sulfide and methane gas and drainage of high volumes of water containing dissolved gas into the tunnel, which has led to the loss of life, loss of working efficiency, as well as increased project costs. In this study, problems occurred in this project, reasons behind them will be addressed; and the solutions to these problems will be mentioned. The results of the study have shown that oil-bearing formations of the region and the immigration of gases coming from these formations have let the gas entered into the tunnel. In addition, due to the high solubility of hydrogen sulfide and methane gas in water on one hand, and hydrated formations with high permeability on the other hand, caused the influx of large quantities of water and therefore the concentration of these gases in the tunnel. Contribution/ Originality
This study focuses on tunnelling in difficult conditions. The study documents the case histories all over the world, and then discusses the different measures in order to over comes the difficult ground conditions. The paper’s primary contribution is finding that the baseline reports have a vital importance before tunnelling in vicinity of oil fields and according to these studies –probability of gases emissions- the tunnelling excavation must be designed and accurate measures should be considered. Energy & Environmental Sciences » International Journal of Geography and Geology » Month: 08-2014 Issue: 8
Evaluation of Conservation Costs and Benefits of Developing Conservation Strategies
Research Article
Author(s):
Olanipekun N. O.
Journal: International Journal of Management and Sustainability
Due to environmental degradation, depletion and overexploitation of natural resources caused by human activities resulted in development of strategies for conservation of species, habitats and resource. Hence, this paper thus examines the advantages of financial investment and critical elements associated with creating strategies for the conservation of various species. Interdependent to one another are fish, wildlife species, natural habitats as well as natural resources. It rightly observed that the most efficient environmental benefits will be gained through understanding of economic aspects of the costs side of biodiversity which will lead to novel and creative ways. The paper, therefore, concludes that it is better to recognize and incorporate costs at the outset of the planning process, rather than belatedly incur the higher costs of a less efficient plan. Contribution/ Originality
This study originates new formula for biodiversity conservation through the incorporation of cost implication at the onset of developing conservation strategies. It takes cognizance of various species like fish, natural habitats, natural resources and wildlife species that are interdependent to each other so as to obtain most efficient environmental benefits. Business & Management » International Journal of Management and Sustainability » Month: 08-2014 Issue: 8
Old Theories Revisited on Cancer Assistant Therapy
Research Article
Author(s):
Da-Yong Lu, Ting-Ren Lu, Jin-Yu Che, Hong-Ying Wu
Journal: International Journal of Medical and Health Sciences Research
The causes of cancer deaths are multi-factorials in clinics. Despite the rapid advancement of cancer treatments, many other pathological factors discovered more than half century can also be the targets of cancer therapy. Apart from direct causes from tumor progressions and metastases, many clinical complications or psychiatry factors will more or less speed up these pathogenesis processes of cancer patients, even lost of cancer patients’ life. Based on above-mentioned factors, many types of assistant therapies are designed to counter many harmful clinical complications happening in cancer patients. This mini-review offers the panorama of those therapies, addresses and discusses the history and present advancements. Many key factors and efforts and their future impacts are outlined and highlighted. Contribution/ Originality
The Use of Two New Formulations of Ocimum Canum Sims and Cymbopogon Schoenanthus L. In The Control of Amitermes Evuncifer Silvestri (Termitidae: Termitinae), in Togo
Research Article
Author(s):
Gbenyedji Koami Bezo Jean Norbert, Nyamador Wolali Seth , Kasseney Boris Dodji, Nebie Charles Honorat Roger, Ketoh Koffivi Guillaume, Anani Koto Klo Esse, Glitho Adole Isabelle
Journal: International Journal of Natural Sciences Research
Today, the main concern of farmers and scientists is finding an alternative to the use of chemical pesticides in pest management, environmental pollution prevention and poisoning of the population. For this purpose, more and more studies are being carried out on biopesticides from plants used in local pharmacopoeia for the management of insect pests of crops and food stocks. In this study, the effect of a mixture of essential oil of Ocimum canum Sims with starch and that of Cymbopogon schoenanthus with starch were separately evaluated against Amitermes evuncifer Silvestri, one of the main pestiferous termites in Togo. These formulations were prepared from each plant at six different concentrations with and without sawdust. They were effective and caused significant mortality of Amitermes evuncifer. The formulation of essential oil without sawdust was more effective than that with sawdust. For the formulation without sawdust, 75 and 38% mortality respectively were recorded with C. schoenantus and O. canum at a dose of 0.5 mg/cm2, while 100% mortality was recorded at 2 mg/cm2 for both plants in both formulations. However, between the two plants, the formulations made from S. schoenantus were more effective on A. evuncifer than those made from O. canum. These new formulations made from the essential oils and starch could be used as biopesticide to control pestiferous insects in the field. Contribution/ Originality
This study is one of the very few studies which have investigated the efficiency of a new formulation made of a mixture of essential oils (Ocimum canum and Cymbopogon schoenantus) with starch, against pestiferous termite. Engineering » International Journal of Natural Sciences Research » Month: 10-2014 Issue: 10
Abstract