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The growth strata in the Middle-Late Cretaceous deposits including
Kazhdumi, Sarvak and Ilam formations and Lafan Shale in the Well 1
located between Qatar-Iran height and Hormuz Strait in Persian Gulf was
studied. The present work is based on the lithostratigraphic analysis
and distribution of microfossils. Based on the microfossils content, the
age of studied successions is Albian to Campanian. Comparison of
seismic points, lithostratigraphic analysis and distribution of
microfossils show that growth and generation of anticlines are occurred
in the Middle-Late Cretaceous. As of results, the Kazhdumi, Sarvak and
Ilam formations and Lafan Shale have potential reservoir and oil trap. Contribution/ Originality
This study is one of very few studies which have investigated the growth
strata in the Middle-Late Cretaceous deposits in Persian Gulf, south
west of Iran with using the lithostratigraphic and biostratigraphic
analysis and seismic interpretation. The basic information of this
manuscript are provided by National Iranian Oil Company. Energy & Environmental Sciences » International Journal of Geography and Geology » Month: 12-2016 Issue: 12
Is the Sosiani River Healthy? Investigating the Relationship between Water Quality Indicators and Macroinvertebrate Assemblages in the Sosiani River
Research Article
Author(s):
Journal: International Journal of Geography and Geology
The health of rivers is of great concern to governments and communities
worldwide due to their important ecological functions. Numerous studies
have established that water quality indicators have a positive effect on
river health. However, only a few studies have examined equatorial
rivers, and, to date, there has been no study on the Sosiani River in
Kenya. As such, this study explored the health of the Sosiani River by
considering how its aquatic macroinvertebrate assemblages were affected
by various water quality parameters. The research considered whether
there was a relationship between water quality indicators and
macroinvertebrate assemblages in the Sosiani River. This knowledge is of
paramount importance to the communities and decision makers of the
Sosiani catchment, and Kenya as a whole, since there is need to
understand the relationship between the water quality indicators and the
health of the river in order to allocate resources for its
rehabilitation and maintenance. This study examined 10 sites, nine being
“test” sites and one a “reference” site. The study established a
significant relationship between water quality parameters and
macroinvertebrate assemblages. The sites with natural riparian zone
vegetation conditions were found to have more Ephemeroptera, Plecoptera,
and Trichoptera macroinvertebrates when compared to those without or
with exotic vegetation. In terms of absolute numbers of surface aquatic
macroinvertebrates, sites characterised by dense stream bank vegetation
had more macroinvertebrates than those characterised by forest with
eroded, bare stream banks. From the study, it was therefore concluded
that Sosiani River is healthier at head waters where there was natural
forests compared to downstream where there was plantations, intensive
farming and urban area. The study recommends that more detailed studies
classify macroinvertebrates to gunus level and include
microinvertebrates, since this may give a more accurate assessment of
the river’s health. The study further recommends that identification
keys for East African macroinvertebrates be developed. Contribution/ Originality
This study contributes in the existing literature by establishing the
relationship between the condition of riparian zone vegetation and
indicators of river health in the equatorial region. Much of the
literature in this field is based on studies from outside of the
equatorial region. Energy & Environmental Sciences » International Journal of Geography and Geology » Month: 12-2016 Issue: 12
The Role of Handicrafts in the Sustainable Development of Rural Tourism with an Emphasis on Indigenous Knowledge
Research Article
Author(s):
Journal: International Journal of Geography and Geology
Tourist is a process that had been existed a long period of time with
different forms in human societies and has gradually solved its
historical and evolutionary processes. As the tourism has influenced in
the economic, social and cultural countries that economists have called
it as an invisible export. On the other hand, rural tourism is one of
the most important subgroups of the development of tourism in each
region that nowadays is considered one of the most popular forms of
tourism and in the form of tourist activity takes place in the village.
Descriptive and analytic study based on library studies and documents.
At first, we evaluated the quality and importance of Indigenous
knowledge and sustainable development with the approach of tourism and
with regard to conceptual framework and fundamental issues related to
rural handicrafts and tourism. Then, findings from the study In relation
to effects of Socio - economic Handicrafts tourism development in Iran
were extracted and analyzed by the research subject. And the results
show, by combining "Indigenous knowledge" and "modern knowledge “and
regarding to existence of rural conditions such as Indigenous areas ,
taking into account the resources , the potential and conditions of
each region can be acquired grounds for an favorable model from
sustainable rural development. Despite the frequency of human resources
in rural areas, the Lack of water and land push on farmland and cause to
migration of labor efficient from rural to urban areas where efficiency
is reduced because of lack of expertise. Therefore, in rural areas
where there are no grounds for agriculture that can be used the non-farm
economy, "such as local industries, etc.” Contribution/ Originality
This study contributes the roll of indigenous knowledge to the
development of rural tourism and preservation of handicrafts Which
leads to creating employment so that it is caused to prevent migration
from rural settlements. Therefor rural environment is considerd as
National treasure that it can help sustainable development. Energy & Environmental Sciences » International Journal of Geography and Geology » Month: 01-2017 Issue: 1
Paleoecology of Permo-Triassic Boundary According to Palynoflora in Shourjestan, Iran
Research Article
Author(s):
Journal: International Journal of Geography and Geology
Using palynoflora findings, the present study was conducted to determine
paleoecology of Permo-Triassic boundary in Shourjestan Region in north
of Fars Province. Permo-Triassic boundary in this region is gradational
(transitional) and continuous. Four stratigraphic sections were selected
and 7 spore and pollen instances were identified after sampling and
performing needed experiments for separation of palynomorph samples.
Based on the achieved palynomorphs on pyroclastic deposits in the
studied sections, it can be concluded that Coniferophyta, Equisetopsids,
Filicopsids, Progymnosperms and Cordaitales had probably higher
relative frequency in plant tissue around the basin environment.
According to relatively high frequency of land palynomorphs in the
studied deposits and on the basis of association of land and marine
palynomorphs in the studied palynoflora, it can be concluded that
pyroclastic deposits of upper Permian are formed in shallow marine
setting. Regarding studies on the identified palynomorphs of Elika
Formation equivalent deposits, one might infer that probably in plant
tissue around these deposits, Triassic seed ferns and Coniferophyta had
higher frequency and distribution and also the aforementioned deposits
are settled in shallow marine settings. Contribution/ Originality
Ultrasonic pulse velocity test is non-destructive and relatively simple
to carry out at both in-situ and laboratory conditions. The sonic
velocity (SV) test has been used to determine the dynamic properties of
rocks in different applications of rock and geotechnical engineering. In
the laboratory conditions, the SV tests determine the velocity of
propagation of elastic waves through the rock samples. The velocities of
P (Vp) and S (Vs) waves are calculated from the measured travel times
and distance between transmitter and receiver. The SV values of rocks
are influenced and controlled by different factors such as rock type,
density, grain size and shape, etc. This study focuses on the possible
dimensional, sample diameter and sample length to sample diameter ratio,
effect on the mean Vp, mean dynamic elastic modulus, Ed, mean shear
modulus, Gd, mean Poisson’s ratio, υd and mean dry density, ρ. For
sample preparation and the SV tests, the representative rock blocks of
Upper Eocene-aged limestone, Dammam Formation, is collected from Jabal
Hafeet in Al Ain City, United Arab Emirates (UAE) and taken to the
laboratory. Forty-nine SV tests was carried out on the prepared core
samples having different dimensions. The study reveals that the Vp, Ed,
Gd, υd and ρ of limestone can be estimated using the simple linear
mathematical equations. Even though the obtained equations are useful
and practical, but it still needs better ratification with more samples
having different dimensions in order to use confidently in engineering
applications. Contribution/ Originality
This study is one of very few studies which have investigated the
dynamic properties of Upper Eocene limestone in the Hafit mountain, a
prominent feature located in the eastern region of United Arab Emirates
and it focuses on the possible dimensional effect on the ultrasonic
pulse velocity. Energy & Environmental Sciences » International Journal of Geography and Geology » Month: 02-2017 Issue: 2
Technogenic Transformations of Sea Coasts on the Example of the Baltic Sea
Research Article
Author(s):
Journal: International Journal of Geography and Geology
Natural and technogenic factors of violation of natural development of
the Liepaja sandy rerash in Southeast Baltic are considered. Along coast
for many years there has been a stream of substance and energy,
unidirectional to the North. At the beginning of the 20th century after
the reconstruction of the Russian port of Libava and lengthening of
piers for more than 2 km, a stop of sea deposits along the coast
appeared. It caused catastrophic local washout of the coast and bottom.
In result, territorial losses, beach titanium-zirconium rerash,
different types of pollution appeared. By a research it was established:
1. Rate of abrasion (20th century the coast receded to 200 m); 2.
Formation and dynamics of the centers of concentration of heavy
minerals, is defined amount of the useful ore minerals in a productive
size of beach sands (0,2-0,25 mm, an ilmenite, a magnetite, zircon,
rutile, a monocyte, leucoxene; 74% or 1523 kg/m3); 3. Major factors of
change of a condition of coast and bottom of the sea. Also an assessment
of consequences is given to events of World War II and on the Chernobyl
NPP. Illustrations of the article show localization of concentrates of
heavy minerals in a ledge of washout of the coast and on the beach, and
also structure of mean annual coastal streams of substance and wave
energy in technogenic morpholytho-dynamic anomaly at the port of
Liepaja. Contribution/ Originality
Urban air pollution is increasingly getting attention in developing
countries in recent years. It was against this backdrop that this piece
of work examined three indices of air pollution along a single carriage
road (Kissy Road) and dual carriage road (Wilkinson Road) on either
direction. Brief monitoring spell of nitrogen dioxide (NO2); sulphur
dioxide (SO2) and carbon monoxide (CO) were made between August 2015 and
September 2015 using the Drager X am 5000 realtime monitor for the
different gases. Diurnal monitoring was made in the morning, afternoon
and evening periods representing peak and off peak periods. Results
indicated higher levels of pollution at Kissy Road relative to Wilkinson
Road. Considerable variation were also observed among the pollutants
for the two sites and the hourly average values revealed levels that are
within ambient air quality standards except for SO2. Field observations
revealed poorly maintained vehicles, human behavioral pattern, frequent
traffic jams were attributed to the observed values. Contribution/ Originality
Ancient and the most ancient heritage sites are revered landscapes or
their components (rock sculptures, geoglyphs, sacred hills, trees,
aquatic complexes and other objects of natural, anthropogenic and mixed
origin), which are usually associated with folk traditions and legends.
Authors of the article relate inclusion of such objects in the cultural
landscape to prehistoric times (the Stone Age and earlier), and as the
main primary function allocate astronomical orientation in space-time.
The article shows examples of possible instrumental use of well-known
and respected sites on the example of the earth's surface arched
sculptures located in different regions of the world. As a result of
studies carried out on the basis of maps, satellite images, photos,
published descriptions, the authors conclude that most of the objects
served as elements of information support systems, were included into
the ancient local and regional navigation network and represent key
parts of the organization of geo-cultural space, that was the objective
basis of their sacralization. Contribution/ Originality
The author's concept of navigation model operation of the world opens
new opportunities of reconstruction of primary rational purpose of
ancient objects of cultural heritage. It is shown that the sacral sense
and an esthetics of objects are bound to their informational
(instrumental) function in a life support system. Energy & Environmental Sciences » International Journal of Geography and Geology » Month: 03-2017 Issue: 3
Challenges of Enforcement of Forestry Legislation in Taraba State, Nigeria
Research Article
Author(s):
Journal: International Journal of Geography and Geology
Forests are essential resources for human survival and well-being.
Within developing countries, millions of extremely poor people depend on
forest resources for their livelihoods and security. The forest
resources of Taraba State has witnessed high timber and fuelwood
exploitation, bush burning, expansion of farmlands and grazing
activities. Despite the existence of forest legislation in the state,
illegal logging and indiscriminate forest resource exploitation has
continued to increase at alarming rate. This makes it imperative to
reappraise the forestry legislation in the state and the challenges of
effective enforcement of these legislations. Data were generated from
secondary materials, personal observation and interviews with officials
of the Department of Forestry. The study findings shows that with
increase in population, people need to expand their settlements and
require more lands to cultivate in order to meet increasing food
requirement. This leads to encroachment into forestry reserve. Poor
logistics and weak institutional framework hampers the capacity of the
forestry officials to enforce forestry legislation. This has resulted in
the depletion of Forest resources particularly timber and woody plant
resources. Some of the problems includes lack of political will on the
part of government, underfunding, lack of or dilapidated
office/accommodation, inadequate manpower, lack of equipment, lack of
capacity building, Government preference and emphasis on revenue
generation as against biodiversity conservation, Conspiracy of forestry
officers, village heads and chiefs with merchant timber loggers, lack of
effective supervision, coordination and enforcement of forest
legislations. The study recommends the need for the government to be
more proactive on the issues of enforcement of forestry legislation. Contribution/ Originality
This study has contributed to the ongoing discussion on the challenges
of effective enforcement of forestry legislation in Nigeria as a means
of protecting forest and wildlife resources. Energy & Environmental Sciences » International Journal of Geography and Geology » Month: 03-2017 Issue: 3
A Research on the Implementation of an ICT-Based Entry and Exit Control System to Prevent Hospital Infection
Research Article
Author(s):
Journal: International Journal of Management and Sustainability
Recently as contagious diseases such as SARS and MERS etc. have been
widely spread across the globe, there is an increased emphasis on the
importance of infection management. As hospital infection has been
pointed out as a critical issue factor, the need to implement a disease
control system in order to control infected patients is becoming
necessary. Because hospital systems are information dense systems,
utilizing ICT (Information and Communication Technology) and convergence
technologies such as RFID (Radio Frequency Identification), Smart
Devices, and LBS (Location Based Service) etc. are being proposed as the
main methods to implement this system. But because previous research
combining hospital data and the area of IT convergence, mainly conducted
research with the objective of OA (Office automation) and MIS
(Management Information System), there is a limitation of this previous
research to be applied to infectious diseases and disease management. To
address this, through in-depth interview with professionals, the entry
routes of diseases into hospitals were examined and a method to prevent
this was proposed in this research. The results of this research
confirmed that to prevent diseases from entering a hospital, the most
important factor was to increase the access layers of entrance of a
hospital to control points of contact. Based on these results, an ICT
technology that could be implemented in layers was proposed. It is
expected that the results of this research will be helpful to managers
and staff of hospital organizations that need to implement control
systems to prevent contagious disease infection in hospitals. Contribution/ Originality
This paper’s primary contribution is to help effectively prevent
contagious disease spread by the combination of ICT and administration
system of disease. This study uses an expert interview to investigate
key issues. Business & Management » International Journal of Management and Sustainability » Month: 11-2016 Issue: 11
Benefits and Risks of Satisficing Levels for Input and Output Quantities in Efficiency Analyses from a Corporate Social Responsibility Perspective
Research Article
Author(s):
Journal: International Journal of Management and Sustainability
In efficiency analyses it is being regularly insinuated that it is
desirable to realize a maximum ratio between the produced outputs and
the used inputs. According to the concept of satisficing, however,
activities can be assumed to be satisfactory if they meet a specific
aspiration level. The concept of satisficing has been incorporated into
efficiency analysis techniques through satisficing levels. In this
paper, benefits and risks are being discussed that result from
considering satisficing levels in efficiency analyses from the
perspective of Corporate Social Responsibility. Contribution/ Originality
The present study is one of very few studies which discuss the
application of satisficing levels for input and output quantities in
efficiency analyses. The study adopts the comprehensive view of
Corporate Social Responsibility in order to analyze the benefits as well
as the risks of satisficing levels.
A fuzzy transportation problem (FTP) includes cost, supply and demand of
transportation problems. Its numbers are fuzzy numbers. Fuzzy
transportation problem works to reduce transportation cost of some
commodities through a capacitate network. Present research paper points
out a technique with an alpha cut, optimal solution for solving
transportation problem. We suggest a technique to find the fuzzy optimal
solution on scales of transportation problem and propose a new
hexagonal representation of fuzzy numbers. In general, the comparison of
balanced fuzzy transportation problem (BFTP) and unbalanced fuzzy
transportation problem (UFTP) shows that the optimal transportation cost
of UFTP is less than BFTP. Contribution/ Originality
This study contributes in networking for transportation. This study uses
new estimation methodology. This study originates optimal solution and
comparison between BFTP and UFTP. This study investigated comparatively.
This paper contributes the first logical analysis that is minimizes or
maximizes objective solution is an optimal solution in hexagonal fuzzy
numbers. Arts and Education » International Journal of Mathematical Research » Month: 02-2016 Issue: 2
MHD Flow of a Nanofluid at the Forward Stagnation Point of an Infinite Permeable Wall with a Convective Boundary Condition
Research Article
Author(s):
Journal: International Journal of Mathematical Research
The steady magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) flow of a nanofluid at the forward
stagnation point of an infinite permeable wall is investigated in this
study. A mathematical model has been constructed and the governing
partial differential equations are converted into ordinary differential
equations by similarity transformation. The similarity equations are
solved numerically by a shooting technique. Results for the surface
shear stresses, surface heat transfer, and velocity, nanoparticle
fraction and temperature profiles are presented in tables and in some
graphs. Effects of the magnetic parameter , constant mass flux Biot
number , Brownion motion parameter thermophoresis parameter and
Lewis number are examined. The present results are compared with
previously available numerical results obtained using other methods of
solution, and they are found to be in good agreement. Contribution/ Originality
This study documents important features of MHD stagnation point flow
with the effect of convective boundary condition also suction and
injection. The paper's contribution is finding that the development of
skin friction, heat flux and mass flux, with the velocity, temperature
and nanoparticle fraction profiles, in tables and graphs. Arts and Education » International Journal of Mathematical Research » Month: 02-2016 Issue: 2
Dx-Schemes and Jets in Conformal Gravity Using Integral Transforms
Research Article
Author(s):
Journal: International Journal of Mathematical Research
A scheme is a scheme equipped with a flat connection over a smooth
scheme on a base field. The flat connection equipment is a
characterization of this scheme to construct through isomorphisms
between commutative algebras and formal moduli problems the conformal
images of the space-time that are solutions in conformal field theory.
If are considered the schemes and their particular tools, the jets,
these determine conformal blocks of space-time pieces that are invariant
under conformal transformations. These conformal block of space-time
pieces determine a homogeneous degree factor that characterizes the
solutions in a complex Riemannian model of the space-time of the field
equations to certain tensors of the Weyl curvature. Finally, is
demonstrated that the algebra belonging to the schemes to the mentioned
formal moduli problem is the image under a generalized Penrose
transform that in the conformal context of many pieces of the
space-time, has a structure as objects in commutative rings of CAlgk
each one. Contribution/ Originality
This paper presents an investigation of the behavior of the multi-order
fractional differential equation (MFDE). We derive expressions for the
transition curves separating regions of stability from instability for
the MFDE generally and the particular case K=2. Employing the harmonic
balance technique, we obtained approximate expressions for the n=1 and
n=2 transition curves of the MFDE and particularly for the case k=2.
We also obtained an approximate analytical solution to the multi-order
fractionally damped and forced Duffing-Mathieu equation as well as some
special cases computationally using the Homotopy Perturbation Method
(HPM). Contribution/ Originality
A four-parameter probability distribution, which includes a wide variety
of curve shapes, is presented. Because of the flexibility, generality,
and simplicity of the distribution, it is useful in the representation
of data when the underlying model is unknown. Further important
applications of the distribution include the modeling and subsequent
generation of random variates for simulation studies and Monte Carlo
sampling studies of the robustness of statistical procedures. This
research centered on combining these two distributions that will
simultaneously capture the rate of occurrence of a phenomenon,
especially buying behaviour and the actual performance of that
phenomenon as well as tracking and forecasting future purchasing pattern
based the data. Further important applications of the distribution
include the modeling and subsequent generation of random variates for
simulation studies of the robustness of statistical procedures. To do
this, specification of the hybrid model named Exponential- Gamma mixture
model is given and followed by its derivation. The concluding part of
the paper depicts an example of the areas of its application. Contribution/ Originality
This study contributes to the existing literature by combining
exponential-gamma mixture as a hybrid model to see its rate of tracking
and forecasting purchasing pattern. This is carried out by using our
newly arrived formula in analyzing both the real life and simulated data
in other to ascertain the uniqueness of combined probability
distribution in forecasting future customer buying behavior data for
producers effective planning and administration. Arts and Education » International Journal of Mathematical Research » Month: 02-2016 Issue: 2
On the Numerical Solution of Two Dimensional Schrodinger Equation
Research Article
Author(s):
Journal: International Journal of Mathematical Research
This paper includes a MAPLE® code giving numerical solution of two
dimensional Schrödinger equation in a functional space. The Galerkin
method has been used to get the approximate solution. The results have
been examined with numerical examples. Contribution/ Originality
This study is one of very few studies which have investigated to obtain
an efficient computation tool for numerical examinations of two
dimensional Schrödinger Equation. Arts and Education » International Journal of Mathematical Research » Month: 01-2017 Issue: 1
Serum Lipid Profile and Leptin Levels in Asthmatic Libyan Children
Research Article
Author(s):
Journal: International Journal of Medical and Health Sciences Research
Aim:To study lipid profile and leptin levels in non-obese Libyan
children with asthma.. Materials and Methods:70 Libyan children from
Pediatrics Department, Faculty of Medicine, Benghazi University,
Benghazi, Libya were included for the present study (from 2013 to 2014).
Group I formed the normal control group (N: 30 Children) and Group II
is 40 Libyan children with asthma. Their age group varied from 4 to 12
years old. Serum lipid profile and leptin were measured by routine
standard methods. Results and discussion: The Libyan children with
asthma showed an increase in serum total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol,
VLDL cholesterol, HDL cholesterol and triglycerides. Serum Leptin levels
did not show marked changes between the two groups. The presence of
hypercholesterolemia could be a triggering factor for generation of
proinflammatory response in these children. Though leptin levels did not
show marked response further studies may be necessary to study the role
of leptin in obese asthmatic Libyan children. Contribution/ Originality
This paper tries to bring out the relationship between serum leptin and
lipid levels in non-obese asthmatic Libyan children and relate it to
serum leptin level. Medical Sciences » International Journal of Medical and Health Sciences Research » Month: 08-2016 Issue: 8
Profile of Physiotherapist Educators in Anglophone West African Countries: A Cross-Sectional Study
Research Article
Author(s):
Journal: International Journal of Medical and Health Sciences Research
Background: In the last two decades, physiotherapy profession in many
countries has transitioned their entry-level education to a Master’s or
doctoral degree levels. Given these changes, there is a new need to
discern the profile of physiotherapist educators in different
countries. Objectives: This cross-sectional study was designed to
investigate the profile of the physiotherapist lecturers from Anglophone
West African countries and to compare the data with their USA
counterparts. Methods: The Head of Department of all the physiotherapy
programs in West African universities (N = 14) completed a questionnaire
that sought information on the University’s debut date and ownership,
faculty gender, educational qualification and academic rank. Results:
The vast majority (93%) of the physiotherapy programs surveyed are
located in public universities. There were 126 lecturers employed in the
programs surveyed (average of 9 lecturers per program). In Nigeria, 72%
of the lecturers were men, but in Ghana there was an equal (50:50)
split between men and women. Fifty-nine percent (59%) of the lecturers
in Nigeria had a Ph.D. and 32% were with MS degree. Thirty-four percent
(34%) were a Senior lecturer, 19% Lecturer I, 10% Associate
Professor/Reader and 10% Professor. More Nigerian lecturers attained
higher (p<.05) educational qualification and academic rank than their
Ghanaian peers. Conclusions: In Nigeria, the physiotherapy faculty
workforce is dominated by men. The educational qualification and
academic rank of the faculty in Nigeria is at par with their
counterparts from the USA. The findings in this study have implication
for faculty exchange/employment, and program development in West Africa. Contribution/ Originality
This comparative study is the first empirically-based investigation of
the physiotherapist lecturers from Anglophone West African countries. Medical Sciences » International Journal of Medical and Health Sciences Research » Month: 09-2016 Issue: 9
A Rare Histological Entity- Oral Fibrolipoma
Research Article
Author(s):
Journal: International Journal of Medical and Health Sciences Research
Among lipoma of oral cavity, fibrolipoma is one of the rare
histopathological variant. Intraoral lipomas are rare lesions which may
be discovered during routine dental examinations since they present as
slow growing, painless and asymptomatic masses. For definite diagnosis
histopathological examination plays a significant role in providing
successful treatment and preventing any malignant transformation.
Prognosis is generally good as recurrence is very rare. Here we present a
case of oral fibrolipoma of buccal mucosa. Contribution/ Originality
This case report is one of the rare presentation of lipoma. So more
cases should be documented to make dental professionals aware of its
features. Medical Sciences » International Journal of Medical and Health Sciences Research » Month: 10-2016 Issue: 10
Abstract