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Current Research in Agricultural Sciences

December 2020, Volume 7, 2, pp 52-57

Comparative Analysis of Reference Evapotranspiration by Hargreaves and Blaney-Criddle Equations in Semi-Arid Climatic Conditions

Muhammad Hafeez

,

Zia Ahmad Chatha

,

Alamgir Akhtar Khan

,

Allah Bakhsh Gulshan

,

Abdul Basit

,

Fatima Tahira

Muhammad Hafeez 1

Zia Ahmad Chatha 2
Alamgir Akhtar Khan 3

Allah Bakhsh Gulshan 4 Abdul Basit 4 Fatima Tahira 6

  1. Department of Agricultural Engineering, Faculty of Agricultural sciences and Technology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan. 1

  2. Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Agricultural Engineering and Technology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan. 2

  3. Department of Agricultural Engineering, MNSUA, Multan, Pakistan. 3

  4. Department of Botany, Ghazi University, Dera Ghazi Khan, Pakistan. 4

  5. Department of Mathematics, Institute of Southern Punjab, Multan, Pakistan. 6

Pages: 52-57

DOI: 10.18488/journal.68.2020.72.52.57

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Article History:

Received: 14 April, 2020
Revised: 25 May, 2020
Accepted: 22 September, 2020
Published: 19 October, 2020

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Abstract:

There are various equations for calculation of reference evapotranspiration (ETo), but the Penman-Monteith (PM FAO-56) equation has been considered as the standard ETo equation. The key problem of PM FAO-56 equation is that it uses large number of weather parameters like air temperature, wind velocity, humidity and sun radiation as input. These weather parameters are not accessible at all weather stations of the world especially in developing countries. So, ablatives ETo equations like Hargreaves (HG) and Blaney-Criddle (BC) equations are used for estimation of ETo which required very small number of weather parameters that are readily available at most of the weather stations of the world. A research is conducted to compare HG and BC ETo equations for estimation of monthly ETo under semi-arid climatic regions of Lahore, Faisalabad and Peshawar, Pakistan. The PM FAO-56 ETo equation is considered as reference ETo equation for the assessment of HG ETo and BC ETo equation. The statistical results indicate that HG ETo equation overestimates PM FAO-56 ETo method by 7.91% at Lahore weather station, 5.59 % at Faisalabad weather station and 11.95% at Peshawar weather station. The BC ETo equation overestimates PM FAO-56 ETo equation by 34.345% at Lahore weather station, 28.637% at Faisalabad weather station and 21.44% at Peshawar weather station. The variation of HG ETo equation with PM FAO-56 ETo equation with RMSE of 0.487 mm/day at Lahore weather station, 0.521 mm/day at Faisalabad weather station and 0.985 at Peshawar weather station is noted. The variation of BC ETo equation with PM FAO-56 ETo equation having RMSE of 3.03 at Lahore weather station, 2.58 at Faisalabad weather station and 1.96 at Peshawar weather station is noted.
Contribution/ Originality
The objectives of this study is to compare the HG ETo and BC) ETo equations against FAO-56 PM ETo equation in semi-arid climatic conditions.

Keywords:

ETo, FAO-56 PM, Blaney-Criddle, Hargreaves, Semi-arid, Pakistan.

Reference:

[1]           H. F. Blaney and W. D. Criddle, "Determining water requirements in irrigated areas from climatological and irrigation data." USDA Conservation Service. SCS-TP-96, Washington, DC, 1950.

[2]           Z. A. Chatha, M. Arshad, A. Bakhsh, and A. Shakoor, "Statistical analysis for lining the watercourses," Journal of Agricultural Research, vol. 53, pp. 109-118, 2015.

[3]           H. Muhammad, A. C. Zia, A. K. Alamgir, B. Allah, B. Abdul, and T. Fatima, "Estimating reference evapotranspiration by hargreaves and blaney-criddle methods in humid subtropical conditions," Current Research in Agricultural Sciences, vol. 7, pp. 15-22, 2020. Available at: 10.18488/journal.68.2020.71.15.22.

[4]           A. H. Azhar and B. Perera, "Evaluation of reference evapotranspiration estimation methods under southeast Australian conditions," Journal of Irrigation and Drainage Engineering, vol. 137, pp. 268-279, 2011. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1061/(asce)ir.1943-4774.0000297.

[5]           V. J. da Silva, H. d. P. Carvalho, C. R. da Silva, R. d. Camargo, and R. Teodoro, "Performance of different methods of estimating the daily reference evapotranspiration in Uberlandia, MG," Bioscience Journal, vol. 27, pp. 95-101, 2011.

[6]           H. Tabari, M. E. Grismer, and S. Trajkovic, "Comparative analysis of 31 reference evapotranspiration methods under humid conditions," Irrigation Science, vol. 31, pp. 107-117, 2013. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00271-011-0295-z.

[7]           K. C. DeJonge, M. Ahmadi, J. C. Ascough II, and K.-D. Kinzli, "Sensitivity analysis of reference evapotranspiration to sensor accuracy," Computers and Electronics in Agriculture, vol. 110, pp. 176-186, 2015. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compag.2014.11.013.

[8]           M. Hafeez and A. A. Khan, "Assessment of hargreaves and blaney-criddle methods to estimate reference evapotranspiration under coastal conditions," American Journal of Science, Engineering and Technology, vol. 3, pp. 65-72, 2018.

[9]           M. Hafeez., A. B. ., A. Basit., Z. A. Chattha., A. A. Khan., M. A. Majeed., and F. Tahira., "Penman and thornwait equations for estimating reference evapotranspiration under semi-arid environment," Current Research in Agricultural Sciences, vol. 7, pp. 6-14, 2020. Available at: 10.18488/journal.68.2020.71.6.14.

[10]         A. Majeed, S. Mehmood, K. Sarwar, G. Nabi, and M. A. Kharal, "Assessment of reference evapotranspiration by the hargreaves method in Southern Punjab Pakistan," European Journal of Advances in Engineering and Technology, vol. 4, pp. 64-70, 2017.

[11]         R. G. Allen, L.S. Pereira, D. Raes, and M. Smith, Crop evapotranspiration-guidelines for computing crop water requirements-fao irrigation and drainage paper vol. 56. Rome: FAO, 1998.

[12]         G. H. Hargreaves and Z. A. Samani, "Reference crop evapotranspiration from temperature," Appl. Eng. Agric, vol. 1, pp. 96-99, 1985.

[13]         G. H. Hargreaves and Z. A. Samani, "Reference crop evapotranspiration from temperature," Applied Engineering in Agriculture, vol. 1, pp. 96-99, 1985. Available at: https://doi.org/10.13031/2013.26773.

[14]         G. H. Hargreaves and R. G. Allen, "History and evaluation of Hargreaves evapotranspiration equation," Journal of Irrigation and Drainage Engineering, vol. 129, pp. 53-63, 2003.

Statistics:

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Funding:

This study received no specific financial support.

Competing Interests:

The authors declare that they have no competing interests.

Acknowledgement:

The authors would like to thank Pakistan Meteorological Department, Lahore and Peshawar for providing the climatic data records used in this research.

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