Current Research in Agricultural Sciences

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No. 2

Constraints to Brood and Sell Poultry Production among Farmers in Enugu State, Nigeria

Pages: 73-80
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Constraints to Brood and Sell Poultry Production among Farmers in Enugu State, Nigeria

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DOI: 10.18488/journal.68/2015.2.2/68.2.73.80

Onwubuya, E.A , Ajani, E.N. , Nenna M.G

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Onwubuya, E.A , Ajani, E.N. , Nenna M.G (2015). Constraints to Brood and Sell Poultry Production among Farmers in Enugu State, Nigeria. Current Research in Agricultural Sciences, 2(2): 73-80. DOI: 10.18488/journal.68/2015.2.2/68.2.73.80
The paper examined constraints to brood and sell poultry production among farmers in Enugu State, Nigeria. Structured interview schedule was used to collect data from a sample of fourty (40) respondents. Data was analyzed using frequency, percentage and mean scores. Results of the study showed that the respondents were young, educated and have acquired some experience over the years and were able to finance the poultry enterprise through self-help efforts. The study further revealed a gap in the information service delivery of extension systems and the prospects observed were still below standard for extension expectations of the recent times in some rural areas of Nigeria. The respondents were highly constrained by high cost of feeds and raw materials (85.0%), poor extension agents’ contact (65.0%), inadequate drugs and veterinary services (65.0%), high infestation of diseases (60.0%) and difficulty in procurement of quality stocks (62.5%). It was concluded that Agricultural Development Programme (ADP) should integrate the activities of brood and sell poultry farmers into its programmes by providing the techniques involved to contact farmers. Efforts of government of Enugu State are highly needed in subsidizing farm inputs to farmers in order to ensure optimum productivity.
Contribution/ Originality

Hot Water Enhanced Germination of Leucaena Leucocephala Seeds in Light and Dark Conditions

Pages: 67-72
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Hot Water Enhanced Germination of Leucaena Leucocephala Seeds in Light and Dark Conditions

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DOI: 10.18488/journal.68/2015.2.2/68.2.67.72

Citation: 1

C. C. Obiazi

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C. C. Obiazi (2015). Hot Water Enhanced Germination of Leucaena Leucocephala Seeds in Light and Dark Conditions. Current Research in Agricultural Sciences, 2(2): 67-72. DOI: 10.18488/journal.68/2015.2.2/68.2.67.72
Leucaena leucocephala has a great potential in crop and livestock production.  However, the plant is difficult to propagate from both seeds and stem cuttings Scarification treatment has the prospective of enhancing seed germination.  Chemicals and water have been used for seed scarification.  This study evaluated the effectiveness of   hot and boiling water in enhancing the germination of Leucaena leucocephala seed. Information on the condition (light or dark) at which   Leucaeana seeds   germinate better is also provided. The seeds were immersed in hot water and boiling water for 1, 2, 3, and 4 minutes respectively. At twenty-one days after the set-up of the experiment, untreated L. leucocephala seeds had 0 % and 13.3 % germinations under light and dark conditions respectively.; seeds immersed in boiling water for 1- 4 minutes did not germinate irrespective of the condition of germination while all the seeds immersed in hot water for one to three minutes had total (100%) germination; delaying the period of immersing the seeds in hot water to four minutes resulted in significantly less percentage germination than the aforementioned ones immersed in hot water for one to three minutes but had significantly greater germination than the untreated seeds. Dark and light conditions resulted in similar percentage seed germination outcome. Immersing Leucaena leucocephala seeds for one minute is recommended. Planting seeds in dark condition is recommended since continuous light provided no additional germination outcome, in spite of the additional cost of providing continuous light in the growth of seeds under light condition.
Contribution/ Originality

Germination Effects of Purposive Bruchid Screening of African Ebony (Dalbergia Melanoxylon) Seeds In the Arid and Semi-Arid Region of South Eastern Kenya

Pages: 60-66
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Germination Effects of Purposive Bruchid Screening of African Ebony (Dalbergia Melanoxylon) Seeds In the Arid and Semi-Arid Region of South Eastern Kenya

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DOI: 10.18488/journal.68/2015.2.2/68.2.60.66

Nahashon Musimba , Josphert N. Kimatu , Benard Mweu , MWK Mburu , Simon Nguluu

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Nahashon Musimba , Josphert N. Kimatu , Benard Mweu , MWK Mburu , Simon Nguluu (2015). Germination Effects of Purposive Bruchid Screening of African Ebony (Dalbergia Melanoxylon) Seeds In the Arid and Semi-Arid Region of South Eastern Kenya. Current Research in Agricultural Sciences, 2(2): 60-66. DOI: 10.18488/journal.68/2015.2.2/68.2.60.66
The African ebony (Dalbergia melanoxylon) is a tree that is crucial in making of high value wooden traditional artifacts, however its slow growth in the arid and semi-arid lands (ASALs), poor germination and low seedling growth rate, seed pest predation coupled with overharvesting pause a great threat for the future availability of the species. Unscreened natural methods of seed germination might not sustainably solve the problem of low germination. Overharvesting for wood carving, and low natural regenerative ability of the species and lack of the local and national conservation efforts present a serious threat its availability to the future availability of Dalbergia melanoxylon. Availability of viable seed plays a crucial role the establishment of African ebony. There is need for immediate methods for multiple seedling production for propagation of D. melanoxylon. Our studies showed 2% germination without screening but increased to 40% after screening (p< 0.001). Careful moisture monitoring of the seedling seemed to increase the growth rate in the ASAL region. Therefore, selected propagation methods of this species can rescue it from the current extinction trend which is caused by its low regenerative ability when natural methods are used and over exploitation. There is need to support on farm cultivation of the tree to sustain the carving industry. 
Contribution/ Originality

Performance Evaluation and Adaptation of Lentil Varieties in Lemu, Gumur and Damot Gale Districts of Southern Ethiopia

Pages: 53-59
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Performance Evaluation and Adaptation of Lentil Varieties in Lemu, Gumur and Damot Gale Districts of Southern Ethiopia

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DOI: 10.18488/journal.68/2015.2.2/68.2.53.59

Yasin Goa

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Yasin Goa (2015). Performance Evaluation and Adaptation of Lentil Varieties in Lemu, Gumur and Damot Gale Districts of Southern Ethiopia. Current Research in Agricultural Sciences, 2(2): 53-59. DOI: 10.18488/journal.68/2015.2.2/68.2.53.59
This study was conducted on stations and on farm in three districts of South region, Ethiopia, to evaluate the lentil varieties for yield and adaptation, assess farmer’s preferences during 2004/05 Meher Season. Data on plant height, hundred seed weight, pod per plant, days to flowering, days to maturity and grain yield were collected. Six lentil varieties which included five released and one local check of respective locations were planted on 3.2m2 plots at spacing of 20cm* 2cm.  The plots consisted of four rows which were four meters long for on-centre and on farm trials. The trials were laid in randomized complete block design with four replications. Twelve farmers from three districts of four farmers at each village were participated in executing on farm trials. Each farmer was a replicate for on farm component. There were significant differences among varieties for grain yield and some of traits. The results for the on-centre and on farm trials indicated that there were significant yield differences between the local check and the released varieties at two stations and three districts. The varieties Teshale and Alemaya were superior yielded overall to the local check across three villages ’and on stations. Thus, Alemaya and Teshale out yielded other varieties and had average yields of 1239.1 kg/ha and 1193.8 kg/ha at on station and 1165.1 kg/ha and 1202kg/ha at on farm trials, respectively. Combined statistical analysis and farmers assessments identified two genotypes (Teshale and Alemaya) as potential varieties for production in south Ethiopia. Therefore, based on researchers and farmers’ preference, varieties Teshale and Alemaya are recommended for production in Lemu, Gumur and Damot Gale districts and similar agro ecologies of south Ethiopia.
Contribution/ Originality

Effect of Fungi and Manure on Cadmium Content and Biomass of Maize Grown In Cadmium Contaminated Tailing from Bangka Indonesia

Pages: 42-52
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Effect of Fungi and Manure on Cadmium Content and Biomass of Maize Grown In Cadmium Contaminated Tailing from Bangka Indonesia

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DOI: 10.18488/journal.68/2015.2.2/68.2.42.52

Nofalia Nurfitriani , Reginawanti Hindersah

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Nofalia Nurfitriani , Reginawanti Hindersah (2015). Effect of Fungi and Manure on Cadmium Content and Biomass of Maize Grown In Cadmium Contaminated Tailing from Bangka Indonesia. Current Research in Agricultural Sciences, 2(2): 42-52. DOI: 10.18488/journal.68/2015.2.2/68.2.42.52
Cadmium (Cd) contamination form tailings disposal that occur in tin mining in Bangka cause a serious  soil health problem. One of the ways to reduce Cd concentration in soil is bioremediation. The research was conducted to determine the influence of fungi and cattle manure on dry weight and Cd content of  maize  as well as  fungi  population in the rhizosphere of maize grown in tailing collected from tin mining area in  Bangka. Green house research was set up in Factorial Randomized Block Design. Maize hybrid P21 was grown  for six weeks in tailing  contaminated by CdCl2.0,5H2O up to 8 mg kg-1 and inoculated with  Humicola sp. or Fusarium sp. without and with several dose of cattle manure. Interaction effect between fungi and cattle manure clearly affect the rhizosphere fungal population, however did not give any significant effect to dry weight and Cd content. Application of Fusarium sp. 107 spores mL-1 with manure of 22 g pot-1 lead to increased fungal population. There was an independent effect of cattle manure to decrease Cd content and increase dry weight of maize. 
Contribution/ Originality
This study contibutes in developing the soil microbiology and soil bioremediation studies in Indonesia. This study also as a reference and an information about what kind of fungi and the right dose of cattle manure to improve soil quality and productivity in tailing at Bangka Island.