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Listing 111 - 20 of 2806 results.

Productive Welfare Policy: An Innovative Way in Social Safety Net in Malaysia

Research Article
Author(s): Mohd Rozaimy bin Bin Ridzuan, Noor Amira Syazwani Binti Abd Rahman, Ju Soon Yew, Nur Hidayahtul Nabihah Binti Manas, Kong Lai Kuan
Journal: International Journal of Public Policy and Administration Research

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Abstract
The Productive Welfare approach has been widely used in western countries to help the poor to be independent without depending on the government’s aid. Malaysia is also among the countries that adopting the approach as it is in line with the government’s aspiration through the National Key Result Areas (NKRA), which is to raise the income level of the low-income group. The Social Welfare Department's statistics show that their monthly beneficiaries are increasing from year to year and indirectly increase the financial implications of the Government's annual financial expenditure. This issue ponders more questions on matters pertaining to the initiatives undertaken by the Malaysian Social Welfare Department (SWD) in mitigating this issue effectively. For this reason, the primary objective of this concept paper is to analyze the effectiveness of the programs embedded in the Malaysian Productive Welfare Policy. Hence, this paper concludes that a thorough understanding of Productive Welfare programs is important for the government and citizens to develop necessary actions precisely for a B40 group of people alongside also strategizing on ways to propel forward to be a prosperous nation by 2030.
Contribution/ Originality
This study is one of very few studies which have investigated the effectiveness of the Malaysian Productive Welfare Policy in empowering the vulnerable groups to be independent, less reliant on welfare handouts, and becoming a more successful social entrepreneur.
Economics » International Journal of Public Policy and Administration Research » Month: 06-2020 Issue: 1

Accountability and Transparency in Nation Building: A COVID-19 Experience in Sub-Saharan Africa

Research Article
Author(s): Ojiagu, Nkechi Cordelia, Nzewi, Hope Ngozi, Arachie, Augustine Ebuka
Journal: International Journal of Public Policy and Administration Research

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Abstract
The manifest mistrust between the government and the governed necessitated this study to examine the relationship between accountability and transparency on nation-building, using covid-19 experience as a yardstick. A survey research design was employed in the study. The population of the study consisted of 1174 employees of 5 ministries in Anambra State and the sample size was 298 using Taro Yamani formula. Questionnaire was used in collecting data. The instrument was subjected to face and content validity and was further tested for internal consistency using Cronbach Alpha and an average result obtained was 0.984. Data were analysed using Regression Analysis at 5% level of significance. Findings showed that there is a statistically significant relationship existing between full disclosure and citizens improved trust (r = .984, R2 = .899, F =1874.010, p-value < 0.05), that there is a statistically significant relationship existing between impact reporting and citizens buy-in (r = .947, R2 = .897, F = 1842.355 p-value < 0.05). Consequently, the study concluded that there would be no trust issues between both parties if full disclosure and impact reporting have been the hallmark of government in the past. Therefore, the study recommended among other things that Anambra State Anti-corruption Strategy (ANSACS) as a provider of holistic framework and foundation for a system-driven approach towards the fight against corruption, accountability and transparency needs to do all it can to encourage various government ministries and agency to engage more in full disclosure and impact reporting.
Contribution/ Originality
This work contributes to existing body of knowledge in the area of accountability and transparency, but it is novel in using accountability and transparency to gauge citizens’ response to government directives and policies to issues such as Covid-19 pandemic ravaging different economies of the world presently.
Economics » International Journal of Public Policy and Administration Research » Month: 06-2020 Issue: 1

Estimation of Water Stress in Guinea and Sudano-Sahelian Ecological Zones of Nigeria Under Climate Change and Population Growth

Research Article
Author(s): Salihu A. C., Abdulkadir A, Nsofor G. N., Otache, M. Y.
Journal: International Journal of Hydrology Research

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Abstract
Climate change and population growth are seen to be the major factors that will shape the pattern of per capita water up to the end of 21st century. The study aimed to project water stress condition in Guinea and Sudano-Sahelian ecological zones of Nigeria under the impacts of climate change and population growth. Firstly, annual water yield was generated using KNMI climate explorer for (2019-2048), (2049-2078) and (2079-2100) under three CO2 emission trajectories. Secondly, population was projected using the Nigeria’s average growth rate of 2.6%. Thirdly, the per capita water was analysed based on water stress index. Mann-Kendal statistical test was used to analyses trends in water stress at 0.05 significant levels. Result demonstrated that the Guinea and Sudano-Sahelian ecological zones of Nigeria will experience significant positive trend in water stress with respect to climate change impact for mid and long-term periods whereas no significant trend under the short-term projection. However, regional trend analysis under the influence of population growth at constant climate observed that there were significant positive trends in water stress for the three projected periods. More so, the same positive trends were obtained under the combined impacts of climate change and population growth in Guinea and Sudano-Sahelian ecological zones of Nigeria. This implies that future water scarcity is imminent and will primarily cause by population growth and secondarily by climate change in the area. The results can act as guidelines for strategic planning for adaptive and mitigation measures to water stress as envisaged by the projection.
Contribution/ Originality
This study is one of very few studies which have investigated regional impacts of climate change and population growth on water stress in Guinea and Sudano-Sahelian ecological zones of Nigeria.
Agricultural Sciences » International Journal of Hydrology Research » Month: 06-2020 Issue: 1

Determinants of Profitability and its Implications on Corporate Values (Studies at Ceramic, Porcelain and Glass Sub Sector Listed in Indonesia Stock Exchange, 2009 - 2018)

Research Article
Author(s): Bambang Mulyana, Benis Adidarma
Journal: International Journal of Business, Economics and Management

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Abstract
This study aims to analyse the effects on the profitability (return on assets) and its implications on corporate value by internal influences (current ratio, leverage and sales growth) and external influences (IDR exchange rate and energy price). The object of research is ceramics, porcelain and glass industries registered in the Indonesian stock exchange with total 8 industries in the period 2009 – 2018. The methodology used is descriptive quantitative research and causality with purposive sampling technique and panel data regression analysis. The result of the study indicated that liquidity and energy price did not have a significant negative effect on profitability, leverage had a significant negative effect on profitability, sales growth had a significant positive effect on profitability, and IDR change rate did not have a significant positive effect on profitability. While profitability has significant positive effect on corporate value.
Contribution/ Originality
This study is one of very few that has investigated the causal relationship between internal and external influence at ceramic, porcelain and glass manufacturing that very impact to production cost and profitability. Consequently, it highlights that very importance of improving efficiency of energy and manage financial ratio to increase profitability.
Economics » International Journal of Business, Economics and Management » Month: 04-2020 Issue: 4

Effects of Listening/Reading Comprehension and Morphological Awareness on First Graders’ Writing to Dictation: A Comparison of the Effect of Memorization

Research Article
Author(s): Naya Choi, Jieun Kiaer, Eunock Jun, Taeyeon Kim
Journal: International Journal of Education and Practice

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Abstract
The purpose of this study was to determine whether the cognitive abilities of listening and reading comprehension and morphological awareness affect children’s writing to dictation. Data were collected from 194 first-grade elementary schoolchildren in South Korea on the effects of repetitive practice and memorization by comparing impromptu and one semester’s regular dictation tests. The results first revealed that spelling, spacing, and punctuation were highly correlated with the three cognitive abilities in the impromptu writing to dictation, but far less in the regular dictation test. Second, it was found that children’s listening and reading comprehension and morphological awareness influenced their spelling, while reading comprehension and morphological awareness affected spacing and punctuation significantly in the impromptu dictation test. However, in the case of the regular dictation test, which involved memorization, the number of significant factors was small, and final explanatory power of those cognitive abilities was much smaller.
Contribution/ Originality
This study demonstrates that cognitive abilities of students (reading comprehension, listening comprehension, and morphological awareness) affect writing to dictation. In addition, impromptu writing-to-dictation tests revealed the limited effect of memorization on writing skills.
Arts and Education » International Journal of Education and Practice » Month: 06-2020 Issue: 2

Does Risk Culture Matter for Sustaining the Business? Evidence from Malaysian Environmentally Sensitive Listed Companies

Research Article
Author(s): Nazliatul Aniza Abdul Aziz, Norlida Abdul Manab
Journal: International Journal of Management and Sustainability

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Abstract
The aim of this paper is to examine how organisational risk culture and good risk management practices contribute to the sustainable business. Sustaining business requires a strong foundational of risk culture to address all types of risks. Having a sound risk culture is vital as it influences the way organisations respond to risks and hazards. A poor risk culture and weak risk management practices have triggered many business collapsed and lost with huge amounts. Drawing on the post-modern portfolio theory and stakeholder theory, the model in this study is empirically validated by means of the partial least squares approach to structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM) based on survey data from environmentally sensitive companies in Malaysia. Based on the analysis, the study revealed that risk culture moderates the relationship between the role of leadership and risk resilience of sustainability risk management (SRM) implementation and company survival. This result extend previous research by not only highlighting the importance of risk culture in driving effective SRM practices but also indicating the significance of risk resilience and leadership in sustaining the business.
Contribution/ Originality
This study provides fresh insights on the importance of risk culture in driving successful SRM practices. It also sheds some light on the importance of leadership and risk resilience for risk culture in the company to be changed.
Business & Management » International Journal of Management and Sustainability » Month: 06-2020 Issue: 2

Analysis of Moral Reasoning of Teachers and the Students with Respect to Kohlbergs Theory of Moral Development

Research Article
Author(s): Muhammad Hafeez, Fatima Tahira, Qaiser Abbas Kazmi, Muhammad Zahid Hussain
Journal: International Journal of Business Strategy and Social Sciences

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Abstract
Moral development of persons is a basic aim of education. According to Islamic teachings success and failure of a person is judged on moral basis in this world and the hereafter. This study focuses on analysis of moral reasoning of teachers and the students with respect to Kohlberg’s theory of moral development. The target population for this study were teachers and students of secondary schools of district Dera Ghazi Khan. Twenty secondary schools were randomly selected from district Dera Ghazi Khan. Three (03) teachers and ten (10) students from each school were selected using random sampling method. The total sample size was 60 teachers and 200 students. Data was selected by DIT (defining issue test). The collected data was analyzed through descriptive analysis and chi-square test applied using SPSS. The results revealed that the participants reasoned predominantly at the conventional level of Kohlberg's moral reasoning which found that there is no significant difference between the view of teachers and students towards moral reasoning.
Contribution/ Originality
This study focuses on analysis of moral reasoning of teachers and the students with respect to Kohlberg’s theory of moral development.
Social Sciences » International Journal of Business Strategy and Social Sciences » Month: 06-2020 Issue: 1

The Tourism Business Industry of the Municipality of Tanay, Rizal, Philippines: An Assessment on Human Resource and a Province-Wide Market Research

Research Article
Author(s): Mark Gabriel Wagan Aguilar, Rose Ann Limpot, Paul Haidriane Macasinag
Journal: Journal of Tourism Management Research

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Abstract
This study assessed the Tourism Industry of the Municipality of Tanay, Rizal as an emerging Ecotourism destination with emphasis on the marketability of tourism products, expertise of human resource, and the tourism development initiatives of the local government. Results show that with the success of Palaya Nature Farm, the Municipality has a potential to become a center of farm tourism in the province. The province has been determined as a primary market for boutique hotels with affordable rates and offers resort type amenities. It was also found out that the market prefers tourism businesses located in commercial zones where restaurants, tourism destinations, and hotels are near to each other. People in the province are adventurous and are into nature-based destinations, while in regards of restaurants, casual dining that offers Korean and/or Filipino cuisines are preferred. Travel agencies are also likely to succeed in the province as the market favors seeking assistance for their travels than preparing it on their own. Given the importance of the human resource in the success of the Industry as primary provider of the service, it was found out that intensive training and education is needed for the local community of Tanay, Rizal, as it shows that the level of expertise they have towards the industry operations is poor.
Contribution/ Originality
This study documents the municipality of Tanay, Rizal as a potential farm tourism destination, the need to strengthen the local community through intensive training and education, and the role of consumers toward the success of the tourism business industry.
Business & Management » Journal of Tourism Management Research » Month: 06-2020 Issue: 1

Hotel Corporate Social Responsibility and Residents Support for Tourism Development

Research Article
Author(s): Vahid Babazadeh Sorkhan, Babak Banejad, Seyedeh Fatemeh Ghasempour Ganji
Journal: Journal of Tourism Management Research

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Abstract
Nowadays, a hotel's social responsibility has gained much attention in tourism literature. This research examines the impact of hotels' social responsibility (HSR) perceived by residents’ on their community satisfaction and support of further tourism development (TD). Hotels' social responsibility practices are measured as a multidimensional variable including economic, social and environmental dimensions using (Gursoy, Bo?an, Dedeo?lu, & Çal??kan, 2019) questionnaire. The questions measuring support for TD and residents’ community satisfaction also extract from Gnji, Alikhani, Gholipour, Abcher, and Asri (2017) and Gursoy et al. (2019). The sample of 387 locals of Mashhad city, a famous tourist destination in Iran, was gathered. Questionnaires were examined by Structural Equation Modeling using Warp PLS 4 software. Findings show that perceived corporate social responsibility (CSR) practices increase residents’ community satisfaction and also their support for tourism development. Moreover, the effect of residents’ community satisfaction on their supportive behavior was significant. Lastly, the implication of this study for hotels and community planners are explained.
Contribution/ Originality
This study is one of very few studies which have investigated the effect of hotel corporate social responsibility on residents’ satisfaction and their support of further tourism development. This research provides in-depth knowledge about the role of corporate social responsibility in sustainable tourism of Iranian context.
Business & Management » Journal of Tourism Management Research » Month: 06-2020 Issue: 1

Effect of Boiling and Roasting on the Nutrients, Phytochemical and Functional Properties of Red and Green Cultivars of D. Bulbifera Flours

Research Article
Author(s): Ani, J.C, Onwurafor, E.U, Ogunseye, Y. Y.
Journal: Journal of Food Technology Research

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Abstract
Two cultivars (green and red) of Dioscorea bulbifera were processed individually by boiling (100oC, 25 min) or roasting (175oC, 60 min) into flour. The processed and unprocessed samples were evaluated for nutrients, phytochemical and functional properties. The results revealed that the raw green cultivar had higher values (12.94, 8.19 and 3.06%) of moisture, protein, and ash, respectively than the red cultivar with 12.94, 8.19 and 3.06%, respectively. The red cultivar contains more fat (3.92%) and carbohydrate (75.05%) compared to the green cultivar with 3.20 and 69.16% values, respectively. The green cultivar contains more Mg and Zn contents (362.30 mg/100g and 1476.27 µg/100g, respectively) than the values (344.43 mg/100g and 1288.50 µg/100g, respectively) of the red cultivar. The phytochemicals; alkaloid, flavonoid, tannin, and diosgenin (3.27, 1.91, 0.29 and 176.42 mg/100g, respectively) were more in red cultivar than the green cultivar (3.06, 1.74, 0.26 and 162.24 mg/100g) while higher content of saponins (10.07 mg/100g) was observed in red cultivar than green cultivar (7.43 mg/100g). Boiling and roasting led to a reduction in Mg, Zn, vitamin C contents and all the proximate parameters in both cultivars except carbohydrates. The water absorption capacity, bulk density, swelling capacity of both treated cultivars increased, but roasting had a lower effect than boiling. Boiling and roasting reduced the alkaloid, tannin, flavonoid, saponin contents except diosgenin content of the two cultivars, with boiling inducing a greater effect than roasting.
Contribution/ Originality
This study documents the most suitable processing method for Dioscorea bulbifera flour as related to maximizing nutrients and functionality. The potentials of Dioscorea bulbifera cultivars as a functional food ingredient which would encourage its increase in production and further utilization in diverse ways were also highlights.
Agricultural Sciences » Journal of Food Technology Research » Month: 06-2020 Issue: 1

The Impact of Social Media on Economic Growth: Empirical Evidence of Facebook, YouTube, Twitter and Pinterest

Research Article
Author(s): Prince Asare Vitenu-Sackey
Journal: International Journal of Business, Economics and Management

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Abstract
The study assessed the impact of social media on economic growth in a global perspective hence the use of 198 countries as sample for the period 2009 - 2017. The study utilised and adopted panel data methodologies such as panel corrected standard errors, two-stage least square and panel quantile regression methods for its regression analysis. The study’s theoretical basis was on the endogenous growth model. The findings of the study support the two hypothesis that exist between social media and economic growth nexus. In relevance, the study concludes that social media has both positive and negative impact on economic growth perhaps fixed broadband, number of internet users and secure internet servers are the major drivers of social media. In particular, the study found that Facebook and Pinterest negatively affect economic growth as this finding is in support of the second hypothesis of social media and economic growth nexus. The positive relationship finding supports the first hypothesis that the abolishment of barriers to entry to enable users of social media to publish and disseminate information without any limitations with the support of proper and efficient internet and broadband supply then social media could positively affect economic growth because the multiplicity of media such as wikis, blogs, pictures, videos etc. to a large extent propel the potential of social media in relation to dissemination of information and knowledge whereas ensuring a multi-channel diffusion and codification of knowledge as YouTube and Twitter showed positive and significant impact on economic growth.
Contribution/ Originality
This study contributes in the sparse literature on the nexus between social media and economic growth specifically the individual effects of social media platforms. The study’s focus was on Facebook, Twitter, YouTube and Pinterest. However, the endogenous growth theory or model was used as the study’s theoretical basis.
Economics » International Journal of Business, Economics and Management » Month: 04-2020 Issue: 4

Education and Sustainability, How SDG4 Contributes to Change the Representations of Developing Issues? The Case Study of Pakistan

Research Article
Author(s): Faheem KHUSHIK, Arnaud DIEMER
Journal: International Journal of Management and Sustainability

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Abstract
Every nation state is struggling hard to improve the living standard of its people so that Pakistan is looking for its people. It is believed that education can bring long lasting and sustainable transformation or change in any society towards better living standards and improve socio-economic conditions. There is consensus among the majority of nations and academia that quality education with inclusiveness and equity is the only tool which can bring a desired change. Education has a very close relationship with the contemporary paradigm shift of education for sustainable development to create critical thinking mindset of the nation to create healthy minds. Literature on sustainability and education demonstrates a causal link with socio-economic development. Academia, society, researchers, scientists, industry and all folks of society are convinced that education is the key tool to bring a change from local to global level in order to curtail contemporary challenges human beings and the planet is facing. A system analysis approach is used to understand logical links among loops. The causal relationship is demonstrated in the form of a Causal Loops Diagram (CLD) reinforces the idea that education is not only a key driver for introducing more sustainability into the development process, it is also a set of leverage points that should be gradually removed. Therefore, it is understood that quality education is affected by multiple factors to achieve.
Contribution/ Originality
This study contributes to understand the long quest to Education for Sustainable Development from Brundtland Report (1987) to SDG4 “Quality Education” (2015-2020). We use Pakistan’s case study to explain how Education and Sustainability change the representation of developing country.
Business & Management » International Journal of Management and Sustainability » Month: 06-2020 Issue: 2

Motivation for Preservice Students to Choose a Teaching Career by Gender, Age, and Subject Area in Nigeria

Research Article
Author(s): Grace Omejevwe Akpochafo
Journal: International Journal of Education and Practice

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Abstract
This research study aimed to investigate the motives of preservice students in choosing a teaching career in Nigeria. It also examined the beliefs underpinning their choice according to gender, age, and subject area. The study conducted a survey among 225 participants selected through purposive sampling from students at Delta State University Abraka, Nigeria. A 61-item questionnaire was adapted from Watt and Richardson’s FIT-Choice scale, the descriptive and inferential statistics from which were analyzed. The results revealed that unlike subject area, gender and age played a significant role in relation to motivational factors. These findings are discussed and recommendations offered.
Contribution/ Originality
This study has shown that while age and sex were significant motivational factors, subject area was not. Female preservice teachers were also found to be intrinsically motivated unlike the males. This study will therefore be of help to the Nigerian policymakers in understanding the motivating factors between male and female preservice teachers and thus helping to meet the needs of teaching and learning in the country.
Arts and Education » International Journal of Education and Practice » Month: 06-2020 Issue: 2

Factors Affecting Korean Military Cadets Attitude towards Diversity

Research Article
Author(s): Jung, Byongsam, Jin, Zheng, Park, Gyun Yeol
Journal: International Journal of Education and Practice

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Abstract
The purpose of this study is to identify the significant factors affecting the Korean military cadets’ attitude towards diversity. Two hundred twenty-one (221) military cadets of Korea Army Academy at Yoengchoen (KAAY) were sampled from the Cadets’ Corps and completed a battery of questionnaires from May 23, 2018, to June 2, 2018. The multiple regression results revealed that the experience of multicultural education at pre-transfer college had significant effects on the Korean military cadets’ attitude toward diversity. Furthermore, group activities and interactions with civilians in the military academy demonstrate the most significant effects on Korean military cadets’ attitudes toward diversity. The results suggest that school administrators and instructors of a military academy should consider offering formal classes on diversity of military cadets. Encouraging the cadets to participate in various activities to deepen the understating for diverse members and to continue to communicate with civilians is strongly needed.
Contribution/ Originality
This study is one of very few studies which have investigated the Korean Military Cadets’ attitude. It is a pioneering study to have introduced the variables like gender orientation and parental’s influence on the attitude towards diversity.
Arts and Education » International Journal of Education and Practice » Month: 06-2020 Issue: 2

The Impact of Economics and Financial Literacy in How People Perceive the Effectiveness of the Fiscal Policy of Zimbabwe: Case Study of Harare

Research Article
Author(s): Ngonidzashe Mukwepa
Journal: Review of Knowledge Economy

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Abstract
This paper investigates the relationship between the perceived Zimbabwean Fiscal Policy (FP) outcomes and the preferences of the people of Zimbabwe, resident in the city of Harare in the context of the Fiscal Policy Framework (FPF) of Zimbabwe. It looks at how people are aware and confident about the FP actions and institutional frameworks in charge of formulating and implementing FP and also how the activities of people complement the FP actions. It looks at the influence of financial and economics literacy on how people understand and respond to FP actions. To make the investigation robust, data was obtained from across different occupations. Governments get elected to a large extent on the basis of their FP. The nature of FP is political on its own. Hence it is important gauge what areas of the FP process need to be adjusted to ensure that the people become positive about those in charge of the FP formulation and implementation together with the FP tools being used. Results obtained from the investigation showed areas where there is rent seeking and time inconsistency showing that serious reforms of the FPF of Zimbabwe are needed to ensure that optimal macroeconomic outcomes are achieved. A serious lack of awareness of the setup of the FP framework of Zimbabwe showed that there must be widespread and effective communication by the authorities on the nature of the FP operations being implemented to ensure that people on the ground complement government efforts to improve the economic performance of Zimbabwe.
Contribution/ Originality
This paper contributes to the first logical analysis of the relationship between the Zimbabwean Fiscal Policy outcomes, the preferences towards these outcomes by the Zimbabwean people and the impact of financial and economics literacy on the Zimbabwean people's preferred Fiscal Policy preferences.
Business & Management » Review of Knowledge Economy » Month: 06-2020 Issue: 1

Games and Simulations in Hospitality Education: A Systematic Literature Review

Research Article
Author(s): Lana Koelling, Albert A. Barreda, Yoshimasa Kageyama, Liza M. Cobos
Journal: Journal of Tourism Management Research

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Abstract
Hospitality education and training provide up to date knowledge which conveys industry objectives, history, processes, laws, and/or policies to students and employees. A new focus on the application of simulation in the hospitality industry as a means for education and training has been met with successful findings. This research studied the last three years of academic research and investigated the application of simulation in hospitality education and training. A literature search was completed in google scholar of simulation in hospitality education and training within the last three years. This review of the literature reveals that universities and hospitality organizations are actively implementing simulations as a means for education and training. Results include reduced costs, time saved, and increase in motivation and interest among students and employees when implemented effectively. The literature review provides a basis of research for instructors and managers on which to make decisions regarding education and training methods and models. However, such research is limited due to lack of consistency among learner assessments used to determine the effectiveness of simulation and the interpretive nature of participant perceptions.
Contribution/ Originality
This study contributes in the existing literature by developing a systematic literature review and by presenting a foundation of current investigations on which hospitality instructors make decisions concerning education and training methods and models.
Business & Management » Journal of Tourism Management Research » Month: 06-2020 Issue: 1

Physicochemical, Microbiologically Nutritional and Sensory Evaluation of Ogi (A Traditonal Cereal Based Beverage in Nigeria) Produced from Two Varieties of Sorghum

Research Article
Author(s): Ozabor Praise Temilade, Fadahunsi Ilesanmi Festus, Adepeju Adekemi Oluwabunmi
Journal: The International Journal of Biotechnology

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Abstract
Ogi is a traditional fermented cereal based beverage popularly consumed as weaning food. Therefore, there is need to investigate the physicochemical parameters, microorganisms involved, proximate and sensory analyses associated with its production. Two varieties of sorghum (Brown and White respectively) were collected inside sterile containers from Bodija market in Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria. Temperature, pH, titratable acidity, microorganisms involved in fermentation, moisture, ash, protein, fat, crude fibre and carbohydrate contents as well as sensory properties were determined using standard methods. The results showed that pH values decreased with simultaneous increase in titratable acidity during fermentation. Temperature, pH and titratable acidity ranged from: 280C to 300C, 4.02 to 6.25 and 0.05 to 1.53 respectively. Fermentation increased moisture, protein, fat and carbohydrate contents significantly at p? 0.05 while ash and crude fibre decreased significantly at p? 0.05. Sensory analyses were found within the acceptable ranges according to standard procedures. Lactic acid bacteria was found to be the predominant microorganism involved in the fermentation process which confirms the keeping quality of ogi produced from the two sorghum varieties. The two sorghum varieties (Brown and White) showed to serve as a good weaning food for infants but brown sorghum ogi seems to be more nutritious. Furthermore, the sorghum varieties can be malted during process to reduce bulkiness.
Contribution/ Originality
This study contributes to the existing literature regarding the benefits of sorghum ogi as a weaning food for infants’ formulation. However, this study revealed that of out of the two sorghum varieties used for the production of ogi, brown sorghum is more nutritious and widely acceptable than white sorghum ogi.
Biological Sciences » The International Journal of Biotechnology » Month: 06-2020 Issue: 1

Evaluating the Knowledge, Attitude and Practices of Nursing Mothers towards Exclusive Breastfeeding in Tano North District

Research Article
Author(s): Gilbert Owiah Sampson, Barikisu Mohammed, Ibrahim Nshinmi Iddrisu
Journal: International Journal of Medical and Health Sciences Research

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Abstract
The objective of the study was to evaluate the knowledge, attitude and practices of exclusive breastfeeding among nursing mothers in the Tano North District. Cross sectional study type was used to conduct the study. A semi structured questionnaire was used in the study to collect data from the respondents. Random sampling technique was used to select 100 nursing mothers who were breastfeeding in the Tano North District. The study revealed that maternal knowledge, practices, age, marital status and level of education can influence exclusive breastfeeding. It was again revealed that 86% of the respondents were mature mothers. It was recommended that mothers should introduce exclusively breastfeeding to their babies at least for the first six months of life to achieve optimal growth, development and health.
Contribution/ Originality
This study contributes in the existing literature by evaluating the knowledge, attitude and practices of exclusive breastfeeding among nursing mothers in Tano North District of Ghana.
Medical Sciences » International Journal of Medical and Health Sciences Research » Month: 06-2020 Issue: 1

The Outbreak of Novel Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) Pandemic: Consequences on Public Mental Health

Research Article
Author(s): S. M. Khaled Hossain, Mahfuza Akhter
Journal: Journal of Brain Sciences

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Abstract
The purpose of the current study is to investigate the impact of novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic on the mental health of people living in Bangladesh. Data required for conducting the study were collected from 1000 respondents of Bangladesh especially in reference to Dhaka and Mymensingh districts through serving a structured questionnaire. The sample size was selected by using convenient sampling technique. DASS-21 was used to assess the mental health indicated by level of depression, anxiety and stress among the target respondents. The study found that level of depression; anxiety and stress differ in accordance with the gender, age, marital status, education, employment and professional status. The research result showed that, there is significant difference among gender, age, marital status, educational qualification and professional status in regard to depression, anxiety and stress level whereas there is no significant difference among employment status in regard to depression, anxiety and stress level of the respondents.
Contribution/ Originality
The findings and output of the study will play a crucial role in measuring the level of depression, anxiety and stress created by COVID-19 pandemic among the community of Bangladeshi people. The study has value for future empirical and conceptual review to the researchers for conducting extensive study in this particular arena.
Medical Sciences » Journal of Brain Sciences » Month: 06-2020 Issue: 1

Youth Participation in Sesame Production in Gwer West Local Government Area of Benue State, Nigeria

Research Article
Author(s): Agada, M.O., Jiriko, R., Nongu, S. A.
Journal: International Journal of Sustainable Agricultural Research

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Abstract
The study assessed youth participation in sesame production in Gwer West Local Government Area of Benue State, Nigeria. Primary data were collected from ninety three (93) randomly selected sesame youth farmers using a structured questionnaire. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics (frequency, percentage and mean) and inferential statistics (correlation). Results of the study showed that participation of youths in sesame production was moderate in land preparation (M=2.39), planting (M=2.01), manual weeding (M=2.05) and harvesting (M=2.03) and low in pesticide application (M=1.98), herbicide application (M=1.96), fertilizer application (M=1.73, threshing (M=1.90), winnowing (M=1.85) and bagging (M=1.80). Farmers sourced information on sesame production mainly from friends/relations (80.6%). Constraints to youths’ participation in sesame production were insect and diseases attack (M=1.89), insufficient agricultural inputs (M=1.83), inconsistency in agricultural programmes for youths (M= 1.80), insufficient agricultural implements (M= 1.74), lack of technical assistance (M=1.72), lack of access to credit facilities (M= 1.72), weed control problem (M=1.66), and poor access to viable markets (M=1.59). Years of formal education (r= -218; p<0.36) and sesame farm size (r= 281; p<0.36) significantly influenced youths’ participation in sesame production in the study area. It was concluded that participation of youth farmers in sesame production was low, but this could be improved by making sesame farming attractive to young people through the provision of production resources, access to education, farm land, and viable markets.
Contribution/ Originality
The study is one of the very few studies which have investigated youth participation in sesame production and identified relevant information for policy development and research on the crop which when implemented could increase its production and productivity and enhance the livelihood of farmers.
Agricultural Sciences » International Journal of Sustainable Agricultural Research » Month: 09-2020 Issue: 3