International Journal of Management and Sustainability 2306-9856 2306-0662 10.18488/journal.11.2020.94.194.206 International Journal of Management and Sustainability Impact of Board Diversity on Corporate Social Responsibility of Listed Oil and Gas Firms in Nigeria International Journal of Management and Sustainability International Journal of Management and Sustainability 12-2020 2020 12-2020 12-2020 9 4 194 206 20 Jul 2020 05 Oct 2020 This study investigates the impact of board diversity on corporate social responsibility in a developing country context. Board diversity was measured using four dimensions (board independence, board gender diversity, board professionalism and board nationality. We test our hypotheses using data obtained from annual report of eight (8) listed oil and gas firms on Nigeria Stock Exchange (NSE) from 2012 to 2018. Diagnostic test such as, multicollinearity, heteroscedasticity and Hausman tests were conducted to validate the results. Applying Panel corrected standard error (PCSE) regression, the result reveal that board independence, board gender diversity and board diversity have significant positive impact on corporate social responsibility. In contrast, board professionalism has insignificant relationship with corporate social responsibility. In line with Stakeholder theory, our results suggest that board diversity can be seen as an effective mechanism to enhance CSR participation and spending as diversity of boards improves the ability of firms to meet the needs of their broader stakeholder groups. Our study contributes to a better comprehension of the potential value of the diversity of boards. It is therefore recommended that management of listed oil and gas firms need to maintain diverse balanced boards in terms of gender, independence, and expertise to enhance protection of stakeholder’s interest and the reduction of manager’s opportunistic tendencies behind CSR investment.